牛津上海版九年級(jí)初三培優(yōu)講義 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

1、.學(xué)員編號(hào)： 年 級(jí)： 課 時(shí) 數(shù)：3學(xué)員姓名： 輔導(dǎo)科目： 學(xué)科老師：許麗麗授課類(lèi)型C 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)C 時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)練習(xí)T綜合才能授課日期及時(shí)段教學(xué)內(nèi)容1. 記憶以下動(dòng)詞不規(guī)那么變化1AAA 型 動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞均同形cost花費(fèi) cost cost cut割 cutcut hit打hit hit hurt 傷害 hurt hurt let讓 let let put放 putput read 讀 read read 2 AAB型動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去式同形 beat跳動(dòng)beat beaten 3 ABA型動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去分詞同形 become變成 became become come來(lái) came c

2、ome run跑 ran run 4 ABB型過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞同形 dig挖 dug dug get得到 got got hang吊死 hanged hanged hang懸掛 hung hung hold抓住 held held shine照耀 shoneshone sit坐 sat sat win 贏 won won meet遇見(jiàn) met met keep 保持 kept kept sleep睡 slept slept sweep掃 swept swept feel感覺(jué) felt felt smell聞 smelt smelt leave分開(kāi) left left build建立 built

3、 built lend借出 lent lent send 傳送 sent sent spend花費(fèi) spent spent lose 喪失 lost lost burn 燃燒 burnt burnt learn學(xué)習(xí) learnt learnt mean意思是 meant meant catch抓住 caught caught teach教 taught taught bring帶來(lái) brought brought fight 戰(zhàn)斗 fought fought buy買(mǎi) bought bought think想 thought thought hear 聽(tīng)見(jiàn) heardheard sell賣(mài) s

4、old sold tell告訴 told told say說(shuō) said said find找到 found found have/has有 had had make制造 made made stand站 stood stood understand明白u(yù)nderstood understood 5 ABC型動(dòng)詞原形、過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞三者不同形 begin開(kāi)場(chǎng) began begun drink喝 drank drunk ring鈴響 rang rung sing 唱 sang sung swim游泳 swam swum blow吹blew blown draw 畫(huà) drew drawn fly

5、飛 flew flown grow生長(zhǎng)grew grown know知道 knew known throw投擲 threw thrown show出示 showedshown break打破broke broken choose選擇 chose chosen forget忘記 forgot forgotten forgot speak說(shuō)，講 spoke spoken wake醒 woke woke drive駕駛 drove driven eat吃 ate eaten fall落下 fell fallen give給 gave given rise升高 rose risen take取 too

6、k taken mistake弄錯(cuò) mistook mistaken ride騎 rode ridden write寫(xiě) wrote written do做 did done go去 went gone lie平躺 lay lain see看見(jiàn) saw seen wear 穿 wore worn be am, is, are 是was, were been被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 一語(yǔ)態(tài)概述：英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)是通過(guò)動(dòng)詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。英語(yǔ)中有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，即行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。例如：    English

7、is spoken by many people.主語(yǔ)English是動(dòng)詞speak的承受者。主動(dòng)態(tài)和被動(dòng)態(tài)指的是動(dòng)詞形式，是詞法概念；而主動(dòng)句和被動(dòng)句那么指的是句子構(gòu)造，從而是句法概念。所謂主動(dòng)句就是由主動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞組作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句子，而被動(dòng)句那么是由被動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞組作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句子。例如：He opened the door.他開(kāi)了門(mén)。主動(dòng)句The door was opened.門(mén)被開(kāi)了。被動(dòng)句二. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化是通過(guò)be的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的?，F(xiàn)以teach為例說(shuō)明被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在各種時(shí)態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。一般如今時(shí)：amisaretaug

8、ht一般過(guò)去時(shí)：wasweretaught一般將來(lái)時(shí)：willshall betaught如今完成時(shí)：havehas beentaught記憶歌訣：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be字變，過(guò)去分詞跟后面。三. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法：1. 不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。例如：1 Some new computers were stolen last night.      一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。不知道電腦是誰(shuí)偷的2 This book was published in 1981.這本書(shū)出版于1981年。2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。例如：1 This boo

9、k was written by him.這本書(shū)是他寫(xiě)的。2 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小時(shí)睡眠必須得到保證。記憶歌訣：誰(shuí)做的動(dòng)作不知道，說(shuō)出誰(shuí)做的沒(méi)有必要；動(dòng)作承受者需強(qiáng)調(diào)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)運(yùn)用到。四. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法：1. 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。2. 把謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)構(gòu)造be過(guò)去分詞，根據(jù)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子里的主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)，以及原來(lái)主  動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)決定be的形式。3. 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)放在介詞by之后作賓語(yǔ)，將主格改為賓格。例如：1 All the people laughed

10、 at him.= He was laughed at by all people.2 They make the bikes in the factory.= The bikes are madeby themin the factory.記憶歌訣：賓變主，主變賓，by短語(yǔ)后面跟。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)，be后“過(guò)分來(lái)使用。五. 本卷須知編輯1.不及物動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2.有些動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。這些動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)以物居多，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)和特征。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有許多，如: write, b

11、reak, selld等。This pen writes well.This new book sells well.3.感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞使用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不帶to ，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，須加上to 。 感官動(dòng)詞有smell,sound,taste,fell等。使役動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)et,make,have,help,hear,see,watch,notise,look,listen.例：make somebody do somethingsomebody+ be +made to do somethingsee somebody do somethingsomebody +be +s

12、een to do somethingA girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.The boss made the little boy do heavy work.The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.His mother gave him a present for his birthday. He was given a present by his mother

13、 for his birthday.4.假如是接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，直接賓語(yǔ)物作主語(yǔ)，那么動(dòng)詞后要用介詞，這個(gè)介詞是由與其搭配的動(dòng)詞決定。He gave me a book.A book was given to me by him.He showed me a ticket.A ticket was shown to me by him.My father bought me a new bike. A new bike was bought for me by my father.5.一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個(gè)整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。We can&#

14、39;t laugh at him. He cant be laughed at by us.He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every day.The nurse is taking care of the sick man. The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.6.一些表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：have, belong to等。例如：1 We can repair this watch in two days. = Thi

15、s watch can be repaired in two days.2 You ought to take it away. = It ought to be taken away.3 They should do it at once. = It should be done at once.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)最全專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、選擇題 1._ a new library _ in our school last year?A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build 2. An accident _ on this road las

16、t week.A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened 3.Cotton棉花 _ in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow 4.So far, the moon _ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited 5.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school

17、hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives 6.How many trees _ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted 7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done 8.-When _ this

18、 kind of computers_? -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used 9.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known 10.Who _ this book _? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written 11.A story _ by Granny yesterday. A. was told u

19、s B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us 12.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump 13.The school bag _ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put 14.Older people _ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looke

20、d after 15.Our teacher _ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)兩個(gè)方面噢1.It's said據(jù)說(shuō) that the long bridge_buildin two months2.Where to have the meeting _ discussnow3.Which language _the most widely_speakin the world？4.The lost

21、 boy_not findso far5.Last year a large number of trees_cutdown6. The students _ often _tell to take care of their desks and chairs.7. The old man is ill. He _ must send to the hospital.8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ sell in this shop.9. What _ knives _ make of ? They_make of metal金屬 and wood.10. Ca

22、n the magazine _ take out of the library?11. The room _ clean by me every day.12. The stars cant _ see in the daytime.13. Some flowers _ water by Li Ming already.14. This kind of shoes _ sell well.15. How long _ your uncle _be in the city?16. The food _ smell delicious.17. Look! Someone _dance.三、按要求

23、改寫(xiě)以下句子，一空一詞。1.Is tea grown in South China？改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)_ people _ tea in South China？2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year同義句轉(zhuǎn)換A birthday present _ _ _ _by my parents every year3.The work is going to be finished in two days. 對(duì)劃線(xiàn)提問(wèn)How_ _ the work going to be finished ?4. The children will

24、 sing an English song. 改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) An English song _ _ _ by the children.5. You needn't do it now. 改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) It _ _ _ by you now.6. People use metal for making machines. 改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Metal _ _ _making machines.7. He made me do that for him. 改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) I _ _ _ _ that for him.8.They are watching the football match.

25、The football match _ _ _ by them.9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? 改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) _ a bridge _ here by them a year ago?10.They have sold out the light green dresses. 改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) The light green dresses _ _ _ out.11.We call the game “Lianliankan. 改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)The game _ _ “Lianliankan by us.四、以下各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出并改正過(guò)

26、來(lái)。I have a lot of homework to be done tonight _Is your history teacher listened carefully in class？ _Lei Feng's name remembered by all Chinese people _The music is sounded beautiful. _By who was this new educational CD-ROM designed ? _Answers一、選擇題2×15=30分1. B2. D3.A 4. C5. 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 1

27、0. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。1×20=20分請(qǐng)注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)兩個(gè)方面噢1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasnt been found 5. were cut 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered 14. sells 15. has been

28、16. smells 17 is dancing三、按要求改寫(xiě)以下句子，一空一詞。 1×30=30分1.Do, grow 2. is given to me 3.soon is 4. will be sung5. neednt be done 6. is used for 7. was made to do 8. is being watched 9. was built 10. have been sold 11. is called四、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)完成句子，一空一詞。 1×10=10分 was bought for me Is made in China covered

29、 with五、以下各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出并改正過(guò)來(lái)。 10分be done改為 do listened改為 listened to remembered 改為 was remembered is sounded 改為sounds By who 改為 By whom被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)一單項(xiàng)選擇1. Good books _ again and again.A. should be readed B. should be readC. must read D. ought to read2. The children _ by the nurse.A. were looked B. looked

30、afterC. were looked after D. looked3. He _ some pieces of advice, but he _ to them.A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listenedC. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen4. When_ the accident _ ?A. was, happen B. did, happenC. is, happen D. was, happened5. The questi

31、on _ by us soon.A. is going to discuss B. will discussC. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed6. The lab _ about five years ago.A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built7. A lot of tall buildings _ in his hometown in the last three years.A. have set up B. have been set up C. w

32、ere set up D. set up8. They _ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished9. Rice _ also _ in their hometown.A. isgrown B. isgrew C. wasgrew D. wasgrown10. He _ by the teachers.A. is always praised B. PraisesC. have been pra

33、ised D. always is praised11. Great changes _ place. Many new schools_ .A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are openC. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened12. The picture_ in October, 2019.A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken13. We can't use the bridge now, bec

34、ause it_ .A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired14. I _the way to the railway station by a policeman.A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing15. The war_ in 1941.A. broke out B. had been broken outC. was broken out D. had broken out16. When water_ , it wi

35、ll be changed into vapour.A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats17. We can't enter the room because its door_ .A. locked B. Locks C. is locked D. is locking18. They _day and night.A. are made work B. are made to workC. made to be worked D. are making to work19. Chang'an Road is _of p

36、eople.A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled20. Man-made satellites _into space by many countries.A. was sent up B. is sent upC. have been sent up D. has been sent up21. This English song _ often _ by the children.A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung22.The windows of our house _once a

37、week.A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned23. When _ the People's Republic of China_ ?A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found24. Mary's radio _ by my brother just now.A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended25. Your exercise books _ afte

38、r class.A. will hand in B. must hand in C. handed in D. must be handed in26. Some trees may _ at other times of the year.A. be planted B. Plant C. are planted D. will be planted27. The sun _ at night as usual.A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see28. A new English pl

39、ay _ there next week.A. will put on B. will be put on C. is going to put on D. will be putted on29. A strange thing _ in our school yesterday.A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. was going to happen30. The glass _ . It _ by little Tom this morning.A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was

40、 brokenC. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken把以下句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1. I saw the boy run yesterday.2. He told me that he would come back soon.3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.4. Do you water your flowers every day?5. The wind blew down the big tree last night.6. I think th

41、at he is right.7. He had not thrown the bad food.8. Mother was not mending the trousers.9. They would not take him to Beijing.10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.參考答案單項(xiàng)選擇1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C21.B 22. D 23.

42、B 24. C 25.D26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B、把以下句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1. The boy was seen to run by me yesterday.2. I was told that he would come back soon.3. A lot of differences can be found by you between the two languages.4. Are your flowers watered every day?5. The big tree was blown down last night.6. It is th

43、ought that he is right.7. The bad food had not been thrown.8. The trousers were not being mended by my mother.9. He would not be taken to Beijing.10. I was known by nobody in this town at that time.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)二一、單項(xiàng)選擇 1.Do you often clean your classroom?Yes. Our classroom _ every day.A. clean B.cleans C

44、.is cleaned D.is cleaning 2.A talk on developments in science and technology_in the school hall next week.A. given B.will be given C.has been givenD.give 3.His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishingC. is being published D. has been published 4.Did you go to Jacks birthday party?N

45、o,I_.A. am not invited B.wasnt invited C.havent invited D.didnt invite 5.Mum,can I go to the zoo with Jack?When your homework_,you can.A. is done B.was done C.does D.did 6.Twentyyearolds should not_to drive in China.A.allow B.be allow C.be allowed D.allowed. 7.Seeing him rush into the room with tear

46、s in his eyes,I asked him what_.A.would happen B.had happenedC.happened D.was happened. 8.The book Businessthe Speed of Thought _in 2019.A.writes B.is written C.wrote D.was written. 9.Trees and flowers_every year to make our country more beautiful.A.is planted B.was planted C.are planted D.were plan

47、ted. 10.Chinas sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang_Good Will Ambassadors親善大使for Shang hai.A.has been named B.have been namedC.has named D.have named. 11.The earth is our home.It _well.A.must be protected B.should protectC.need protectD.should protected. 12.In recent years, many children are made _ what they are not_.A.to do;interested in B.to do;interestedC.do;interested D.do;interested. 13._a new library_in your school