牛津上海版九年級初三培優(yōu)講義 被動語態(tài)

1、.學員編號： 年 級： 課 時 數(shù)：3學員姓名： 輔導科目： 學科老師：許麗麗授課類型C 被動語態(tài)C 時態(tài)語態(tài)練習T綜合才能授課日期及時段教學內(nèi)容1. 記憶以下動詞不規(guī)那么變化1AAA 型 動詞原形與過去式，過去分詞均同形cost花費 cost cost cut割 cutcut hit打hit hit hurt 傷害 hurt hurt let讓 let let put放 putput read 讀 read read 2 AAB型動詞原形與過去式同形 beat跳動beat beaten 3 ABA型動詞原形與過去分詞同形 become變成 became become come來 came c

2、ome run跑 ran run 4 ABB型過去式與過去分詞同形 dig挖 dug dug get得到 got got hang吊死 hanged hanged hang懸掛 hung hung hold抓住 held held shine照耀 shoneshone sit坐 sat sat win 贏 won won meet遇見 met met keep 保持 kept kept sleep睡 slept slept sweep掃 swept swept feel感覺 felt felt smell聞 smelt smelt leave分開 left left build建立 built

3、 built lend借出 lent lent send 傳送 sent sent spend花費 spent spent lose 喪失 lost lost burn 燃燒 burnt burnt learn學習 learnt learnt mean意思是 meant meant catch抓住 caught caught teach教 taught taught bring帶來 brought brought fight 戰(zhàn)斗 fought fought buy買 bought bought think想 thought thought hear 聽見 heardheard sell賣 s

4、old sold tell告訴 told told say說 said said find找到 found found have/has有 had had make制造 made made stand站 stood stood understand明白understood understood 5 ABC型動詞原形、過去式與過去分詞三者不同形 begin開場 began begun drink喝 drank drunk ring鈴響 rang rung sing 唱 sang sung swim游泳 swam swum blow吹blew blown draw 畫 drew drawn fly

5、飛 flew flown grow生長grew grown know知道 knew known throw投擲 threw thrown show出示 showedshown break打破broke broken choose選擇 chose chosen forget忘記 forgot forgotten forgot speak說，講 spoke spoken wake醒 woke woke drive駕駛 drove driven eat吃 ate eaten fall落下 fell fallen give給 gave given rise升高 rose risen take取 too

6、k taken mistake弄錯 mistook mistaken ride騎 rode ridden write寫 wrote written do做 did done go去 went gone lie平躺 lay lain see看見 saw seen wear 穿 wore worn be am, is, are 是was, were been被動語態(tài) 一語態(tài)概述：英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。例如：    English

7、is spoken by many people.主語English是動詞speak的承受者。主動態(tài)和被動態(tài)指的是動詞形式，是詞法概念；而主動句和被動句那么指的是句子構(gòu)造，從而是句法概念。所謂主動句就是由主動態(tài)動詞詞組作謂語動詞的句子，而被動句那么是由被動態(tài)動詞詞組作謂語動詞的句子。例如：He opened the door.他開了門。主動句The door was opened.門被開了。被動句二. 被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be及物動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的?，F(xiàn)以teach為例說明被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。一般如今時：amisaretaug

8、ht一般過去時：wasweretaught一般將來時：willshall betaught如今完成時：havehas beentaught記憶歌訣：被動語態(tài)be字變，過去分詞跟后面。三. 被動語態(tài)的用法：1. 不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。例如：1 Some new computers were stolen last night.      一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。不知道電腦是誰偷的2 This book was published in 1981.這本書出版于1981年。2. 強調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。例如：1 This boo

9、k was written by him.這本書是他寫的。2 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小時睡眠必須得到保證。記憶歌訣：誰做的動作不知道，說出誰做的沒有必要；動作承受者需強調(diào)，被動語態(tài)運用到。四. 主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法：1. 把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。2. 把謂語變成被動構(gòu)造be過去分詞，根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主  動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式。3. 把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。例如：1 All the people laughed

10、 at him.= He was laughed at by all people.2 They make the bikes in the factory.= The bikes are madeby themin the factory.記憶歌訣：賓變主，主變賓，by短語后面跟。謂語動詞變被動，be后“過分來使用。五. 本卷須知編輯1.不及物動詞無被動語態(tài)。The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2.有些動詞用主動形式表示被動意義。這些動詞主語以物居多，謂語動詞一般表示主語的性質(zhì)和特征。這類動詞有許多，如: write, b

11、reak, selld等。This pen writes well.This new book sells well.3.感官動詞或使役動詞使用省略to的動詞不定式，主動語態(tài)中不帶to ，但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，須加上to 。 感官動詞有smell,sound,taste,fell等。使役動詞有l(wèi)et,make,have,help,hear,see,watch,notise,look,listen.例：make somebody do somethingsomebody+ be +made to do somethingsee somebody do somethingsomebody +be +s

12、een to do somethingA girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.The boss made the little boy do heavy work.The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.His mother gave him a present for his birthday. He was given a present by his mother

13、 for his birthday.4.假如是接雙賓語的動詞改為被動語態(tài)時，直接賓語物作主語，那么動詞后要用介詞，這個介詞是由與其搭配的動詞決定。He gave me a book.A book was given to me by him.He showed me a ticket.A ticket was shown to me by him.My father bought me a new bike. A new bike was bought for me by my father.5.一些動詞短語用于被動語態(tài)時，動詞短語應當看作一個整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。We can&#

14、39;t laugh at him. He cant be laughed at by us.He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every day.The nurse is taking care of the sick man. The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.6.一些表示狀態(tài)的動詞沒有被動語態(tài)。如：have, belong to等。例如：1 We can repair this watch in two days. = Thi

15、s watch can be repaired in two days.2 You ought to take it away. = It ought to be taken away.3 They should do it at once. = It should be done at once.被動語態(tài)最全專項練習一、選擇題 1._ a new library _ in our school last year?A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build 2. An accident _ on this road las

16、t week.A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened 3.Cotton棉花 _ in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow 4.So far, the moon _ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited 5.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school

17、hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives 6.How many trees _ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted 7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done 8.-When _ this

18、 kind of computers_? -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used 9.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known 10.Who _ this book _? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written 11.A story _ by Granny yesterday. A. was told u

19、s B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us 12.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump 13.The school bag _ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put 14.Older people _ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looke

20、d after 15.Our teacher _ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened二、用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。請注意時態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個方面噢1.It's said據(jù)說 that the long bridge_buildin two months2.Where to have the meeting _ discussnow3.Which language _the most widely_speakin the world？4.The lost

21、 boy_not findso far5.Last year a large number of trees_cutdown6. The students _ often _tell to take care of their desks and chairs.7. The old man is ill. He _ must send to the hospital.8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ sell in this shop.9. What _ knives _ make of ? They_make of metal金屬 and wood.10. Ca

22、n the magazine _ take out of the library?11. The room _ clean by me every day.12. The stars cant _ see in the daytime.13. Some flowers _ water by Li Ming already.14. This kind of shoes _ sell well.15. How long _ your uncle _be in the city?16. The food _ smell delicious.17. Look! Someone _dance.三、按要求

23、改寫以下句子，一空一詞。1.Is tea grown in South China？改為主動語態(tài)_ people _ tea in South China？2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year同義句轉(zhuǎn)換A birthday present _ _ _ _by my parents every year3.The work is going to be finished in two days. 對劃線提問How_ _ the work going to be finished ?4. The children will

24、 sing an English song. 改為被動語態(tài) An English song _ _ _ by the children.5. You needn't do it now. 改為被動語態(tài) It _ _ _ by you now.6. People use metal for making machines. 改為被動語態(tài) Metal _ _ _making machines.7. He made me do that for him. 改為被動語態(tài) I _ _ _ _ that for him.8.They are watching the football match.

25、The football match _ _ _ by them.9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? 改為被動語態(tài) _ a bridge _ here by them a year ago?10.They have sold out the light green dresses. 改為被動語態(tài) The light green dresses _ _ _ out.11.We call the game “Lianliankan. 改為被動語態(tài)The game _ _ “Lianliankan by us.四、以下各句均有一處錯誤，請找出并改正過

26、來。I have a lot of homework to be done tonight _Is your history teacher listened carefully in class？ _Lei Feng's name remembered by all Chinese people _The music is sounded beautiful. _By who was this new educational CD-ROM designed ? _Answers一、選擇題2×15=30分1. B2. D3.A 4. C5. 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 1

27、0. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A二、用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。1×20=20分請注意時態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個方面噢1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasnt been found 5. were cut 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered 14. sells 15. has been

28、16. smells 17 is dancing三、按要求改寫以下句子，一空一詞。 1×30=30分1.Do, grow 2. is given to me 3.soon is 4. will be sung5. neednt be done 6. is used for 7. was made to do 8. is being watched 9. was built 10. have been sold 11. is called四、根據(jù)所給漢語完成句子，一空一詞。 1×10=10分 was bought for me Is made in China covered

29、 with五、以下各句均有一處錯誤，請找出并改正過來。 10分be done改為 do listened改為 listened to remembered 改為 was remembered is sounded 改為sounds By who 改為 By whom被動語態(tài)專項練習一單項選擇1. Good books _ again and again.A. should be readed B. should be readC. must read D. ought to read2. The children _ by the nurse.A. were looked B. looked

30、afterC. were looked after D. looked3. He _ some pieces of advice, but he _ to them.A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listenedC. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen4. When_ the accident _ ?A. was, happen B. did, happenC. is, happen D. was, happened5. The questi

31、on _ by us soon.A. is going to discuss B. will discussC. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed6. The lab _ about five years ago.A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built7. A lot of tall buildings _ in his hometown in the last three years.A. have set up B. have been set up C. w

32、ere set up D. set up8. They _ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished9. Rice _ also _ in their hometown.A. isgrown B. isgrew C. wasgrew D. wasgrown10. He _ by the teachers.A. is always praised B. PraisesC. have been pra

33、ised D. always is praised11. Great changes _ place. Many new schools_ .A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are openC. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened12. The picture_ in October, 2019.A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken13. We can't use the bridge now, bec

34、ause it_ .A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired14. I _the way to the railway station by a policeman.A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing15. The war_ in 1941.A. broke out B. had been broken outC. was broken out D. had broken out16. When water_ , it wi

35、ll be changed into vapour.A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats17. We can't enter the room because its door_ .A. locked B. Locks C. is locked D. is locking18. They _day and night.A. are made work B. are made to workC. made to be worked D. are making to work19. Chang'an Road is _of p

36、eople.A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled20. Man-made satellites _into space by many countries.A. was sent up B. is sent upC. have been sent up D. has been sent up21. This English song _ often _ by the children.A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung22.The windows of our house _once a

37、week.A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned23. When _ the People's Republic of China_ ?A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found24. Mary's radio _ by my brother just now.A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended25. Your exercise books _ afte

38、r class.A. will hand in B. must hand in C. handed in D. must be handed in26. Some trees may _ at other times of the year.A. be planted B. Plant C. are planted D. will be planted27. The sun _ at night as usual.A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see28. A new English pl

39、ay _ there next week.A. will put on B. will be put on C. is going to put on D. will be putted on29. A strange thing _ in our school yesterday.A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. was going to happen30. The glass _ . It _ by little Tom this morning.A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was

40、 brokenC. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken把以下句子改為被動語態(tài)1. I saw the boy run yesterday.2. He told me that he would come back soon.3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.4. Do you water your flowers every day?5. The wind blew down the big tree last night.6. I think th

41、at he is right.7. He had not thrown the bad food.8. Mother was not mending the trousers.9. They would not take him to Beijing.10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.參考答案單項選擇1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C21.B 22. D 23.

42、B 24. C 25.D26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B、把以下句子改為被動語態(tài)1. The boy was seen to run by me yesterday.2. I was told that he would come back soon.3. A lot of differences can be found by you between the two languages.4. Are your flowers watered every day?5. The big tree was blown down last night.6. It is th

43、ought that he is right.7. The bad food had not been thrown.8. The trousers were not being mended by my mother.9. He would not be taken to Beijing.10. I was known by nobody in this town at that time.被動語態(tài)專項練習二一、單項選擇 1.Do you often clean your classroom?Yes. Our classroom _ every day.A. clean B.cleans C

44、.is cleaned D.is cleaning 2.A talk on developments in science and technology_in the school hall next week.A. given B.will be given C.has been givenD.give 3.His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishingC. is being published D. has been published 4.Did you go to Jacks birthday party?N

45、o,I_.A. am not invited B.wasnt invited C.havent invited D.didnt invite 5.Mum,can I go to the zoo with Jack?When your homework_,you can.A. is done B.was done C.does D.did 6.Twentyyearolds should not_to drive in China.A.allow B.be allow C.be allowed D.allowed. 7.Seeing him rush into the room with tear

46、s in his eyes,I asked him what_.A.would happen B.had happenedC.happened D.was happened. 8.The book Businessthe Speed of Thought _in 2019.A.writes B.is written C.wrote D.was written. 9.Trees and flowers_every year to make our country more beautiful.A.is planted B.was planted C.are planted D.were plan

47、ted. 10.Chinas sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang_Good Will Ambassadors親善大使for Shang hai.A.has been named B.have been namedC.has named D.have named. 11.The earth is our home.It _well.A.must be protected B.should protectC.need protectD.should protected. 12.In recent years, many children are made _ what they are not_.A.to do;interested in B.to do;interestedC.do;interested D.do;interested. 13._a new library_in your school