牛津上海版八年級(jí)初二下冊(cè)英語 第15講-首字母填空技巧點(diǎn)撥

1、.授課日期時(shí) 間主 題首字母填空技巧點(diǎn)撥學(xué)習(xí)目的1.掌握首字母填空的解題技巧；2.能根據(jù)上下文準(zhǔn)確判斷出所缺單詞的意思；3.能選用正確的單詞形式填空教學(xué)內(nèi)容1. 處理上次課后穩(wěn)固作業(yè)2. 互動(dòng)探究【知識(shí)梳理1】首字母填空解題步驟 【知識(shí)梳理2】技巧詳解之閱讀全文，把握大意 首先要對(duì)文章內(nèi)容有個(gè)總體把握。要通讀首字母填空的短文，跳過空格快速閱讀，理解全篇的主要內(nèi)容。 其次要重視文中的主題句。首字母填空選用的短文一般不給標(biāo)題，但短文的主題句，往往在每段文章的首句，有時(shí)也出如今文章的中間或完畢處。主題句提供全篇的性質(zhì)、大意等，這是深化理解全文的“窗口。我們甚至能以主題句為立足點(diǎn)，從該句的時(shí)態(tài)、語氣推

2、測(cè)全文的主要內(nèi)容。 再次，要利用語境進(jìn)展聯(lián)想。利用上下文的提示，用學(xué)過的知識(shí)和已有的生活經(jīng)歷，掃清部分詞匯理解上的障礙?！纠}精講】 例1. The 2019 London Olympic Games are on the way. You may have a nice trip in London with the help of the following information.The underground is fast and convenient. Travelling by bus is a good way to see the city, especially from

3、the top of a double-decker bus.Take a train to visit places outside London, like Hampton Court and Windsor Castle. Londons black taxis are f 1_. The river bus leaves from Westminster Pier and stops at different places between Westminster and Greenwich Pier.Dont drive your car in London! There arent

4、many good bicycle lanes in London.The best way to visit the city! But look right and left before you cross a street. 例2. Often, doctors tell some people to go on diets 節(jié)食. The doctors hope the diets will make the people feel b 1_. They hope the diets will make the people healthy. Alana was on a diet

5、, but she didnt like it at all. Then the doctor put Frank on a diet. It was a different kind of diet.【穩(wěn)固練習(xí)】A survey has been published which shows that British people dont like their neighbours very much.According to the survey, the b_1_ problem is noise. The other main problems are disagreements 不和

6、 about car parking spaces, and old people complaining about the young. Another survey shows that 90% of the neighbours never share a meal, 80% have never had a drink t _2_ and 20% have never even spoken. One solution to such problems is to talk about them with a professional organization and, if nec

7、essary, to sign a written agreement. 【知識(shí)梳理2】技巧詳解之熟記短語，注重語境 短語經(jīng)常會(huì)出如今首字母填空的考題中，假如平時(shí)能注意詞組、短語的整體記憶，掌握它們的搭配規(guī)律，在做首字母填空時(shí)就能得心應(yīng)手，減少失誤。另外，詞語搭配也值得注意。從語法角度來說，句子不是詞的序列，而是詞組的序列。 如：save the money2019年中考，have an interesting talk with2019年中考，a few year ago2019年中考等。 但從歷年中考的試題看，注重上下文的關(guān)系對(duì)解題顯得更為重要?！纠}精講】-熟記短語 例1. You ca

8、n collect anything, from stamps to toys to football match programmes to old photos. In fact, some people have extraordinary 不尋常的 collections.For example, Robert Opie collects things we usually t _1_ away, things like old newspapers, sweet papers and boxes. He has more than a quarter of a million thi

9、ngs in his collection and you can find some of them in his own museum in Gloucester, UKWhen Stuart Graham from Sydney, Australia died aged 87, he left b 2 some extraordinary collections. His son Andy only discovered Stuart was a keen collector when he found a collection of over 5,000 old bus tickets

10、, 3,000 old match boxes and 1,000 toy soldiers. 例2. “Sorry, his friend interrupted 打斷. “Today Im going wherever the wind blows. This answer was so d_1_ from the boys expectation 預(yù)期 that he had nothing to say. Later, the boy told his mother about it. His mother said, “You should ask him what he would

11、 do if there were no wind. 高頻短語 think about/of/over keep/enjoy/practice/finish doing at least/most eitheror/ neithernor/ bothand be thankful to be different from be familiar to/with be pleased/satisfied with be filled with/ be full of【穩(wěn)固練習(xí)】1. When cartoon characters like the Incredible Hulk get angr

12、y, they change colors and often get special power. In the real w_1_, anger is less obviousThey also have fewer headaches, lower blood pressure 血壓, and fewer problems on sleeping. So it doesnt m_2_ if your anger is caused by the traffic or other things. Learning to let it go is important. Ways such a

13、s d_3_ breath can help you a lot, or just ask yourself if its worth hurting yourself by staying angry with someone else. 2. I really like reading and writing short stories. These stories are usually about 6 to 20 pages long which f 1 on an interesting person, a problem which the person had, and what

14、 happened when the person tried to solve the problem. All societies seem to have an oral storytelling tradition in which people met t 2 to tell each other short stories, and in which parents told their children stories at bedtime. 【例題精講】-注重語境例1. I also like reading novels. One of my favourite novels

15、 is called Life of Pi. It is written by a Canadian called Yann Martel, and is about an Indian boy who spends a long time at sea after a shipwreck 海難 a 1_ with nobody but a tiger. What about you? Do you have a favourite novel? 例2. Sometimes stress is good for people. It p 1 people to do their best, l

16、ike while getting ready before a big competition or examWhen you feel stressed, there are some ways you can deal with it. Learning to work out small problems in everyday life is h 2 . It can help build confidence to move on to lifes bigger ones. 【穩(wěn)固練習(xí)】 1. “There is no love which is more sincere than

17、 the love of food, said Anglo-Irish writer George Bernard Shaw. Like Bernard Shaw, many writers e 1 food very much, and they say and write interesting things about it. 2. But ones personality doesnt stop here. Family life, school learning and life experience can also make you the person you are. Thi

18、s doesnt mean its i 1 to change your personality. You can always try to make yourself better 【知識(shí)梳理3】技巧詳解之關(guān)注語法，符合邏輯語法知識(shí)對(duì)做好首字母填空非常重要。詞匯根據(jù)語法規(guī)那么確定各自的位置。如 介詞后的代詞必然是賓格；物質(zhì)名詞一般不用復(fù)數(shù)；形容詞必須放在不定代詞后；行為動(dòng)詞的否認(rèn)句和疑問句應(yīng)由助動(dòng)詞do構(gòu)成；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加動(dòng)詞原形等?！纠}精講】 例1. Fourth grade student Wesley Gibson explained, “The bus is the best wa

19、y to get to school. I can relax and chat with my friends while the bus driver does all the work. S 1 I even finish my homework on the bus! Another 25% of Wayview students are d 2 to school by their parents every dayFifth-grader Alexis Wang is one of the 20% of Wayview students who walk to school eac

20、h day. She said, “Walking to school is better than the bus or car because you get m 3 exercise. Another 20% of Wayview students ride their bikes. Chris Madsen said he likes riding his bike because “its faster than walking, and you can race with your friends. The last group of Wayview students get to

21、 school by riding scooters. The number of students riding scooters to school has i 4 . Last year, only 5% of the students rode scooters, and this year its 10%. 例2. When there is only one parent, of course the responsibilities of looking after the children are much h_1_ for him or her. They have to w

22、ork out all the things by themselves. They just hope that everything goes right every day. 高頻考點(diǎn) the +形容詞最高級(jí) much/even + 比較級(jí) have/has + 過去分詞 介詞 + doing (for/of/with/without/to) 副詞修飾動(dòng)詞 介詞+代詞（賓格） 感官動(dòng)詞+ 形容詞 (adj.) 被動(dòng)語態(tài) (be done)【穩(wěn)固練習(xí)】 1. The studies find that people who are able to forgive feel less str

23、ess, less back pain, and less depression. They also have fewer headaches, l_1_ blood pressure 血壓, and fewer problems on sleeping. 2. Barcodes條形碼 change as well. Barcodes in the past were 1-D, but now there are 2-D barcodes, such as QR code. Since 2020, QR has been used on Chinese train tickets. Peop

24、le can enter stadiums, cinemas and theaters by h 1 certain types of barcodesIf you find these barcode things boring, a barcode building might be more up your street. In St Petersburg, Russia, there is a building designed like a barcode. It l 2 strange, but its actually a shopping mall. There are gam

25、es too. Barcode Monsters is a mobile phone game. You have to scan barcodes and find the monsters!【知識(shí)梳理4】技巧詳解之細(xì)心檢查，防止疏漏完成填空后，要細(xì)心檢查每一個(gè)填空處是否有筆誤或疏漏的地方。有些同學(xué)為自己全部填出了而沾沾自喜，常常不是少了s，就是忘了加ed，這是很可惜的?！痉€(wěn)固練習(xí)】Read the passage and fill the blanks with proper words 在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給 14分 Imagine this:

26、 romance is all around you, you have met and fallen in love with the most wonderful person. The only trouble is, you are not at home, you are in a completely different part of the w 1 . How do you let that special person know how you feel?FranceThe only place to say JE TAIME I love you is on a Paris

27、 bridge in the moonlight. If you really want to go for true French style, you will need to dress very smartly and go to a fashionable French restaurant a 2 you have said the magical words.JapanThe cherry blossom season is the most romantic time of a year in Japan. I 3 your boyfriend / girlfriend in

28、the politest way possible you should always be as polite as possible in Japan!, set up a nice little picnic u 4 a cherry blossom tree and say SUKYORussiaIt might be minus 6 degrees when you say YA TYEBYA LYUBLYU, but the s 5 will be falling around you in St Petersburg. There is no scene more romanti

29、c, and you wont even feel the cold your heart will be so w _6 inside!IndonesiaGo surfing on the Indonesia waters of Sumatra and see the boy or girl of your dreams. Wake up to a beautiful sunrise, go surfing in the cool waters all day and r 7 in the evenings. Anytime is OK to say SAYA CINTA PADAMU!Wh

30、erever you come from, only say I love you when you truly mean it. They may only be three little words, but they are powerful words in any language!根底題：ASome people believe that schools will not be necessary in the near future. They say that because of the Internet and other new technology, there is

31、no need for school buildings, classes or t 1 . Perhaps this will be true one day, but if the world had no schools, I couldnt imagine how our society would be. In fact, we should learn how to use new technology to make schools b 2 . We should invent a new kind of school that is l 3 to libraries, muse

32、ums, science centers, labs and even companies. Companies should create learning programs for schools. Scientists could give talks t 4 the Internet. TV networks and local TV stations could develop programs about the students who are studying at school. Labs could set up websites to show new technolog

33、y so that students could see it on the Internet. Is this a d 5 ? No. This is beginning to happen in many cities. In those cities, learning can take place at home, at school and in the office. Businesses provide programs for schools and society. Schools provide computer labs for people with their own

34、 computers at home. Everyone can visit faraway libraries and museums as easily as n _6 ones and everyone can go on the Internet, and older people use it as much as younger ones. How will this new kind of school c 7 the usual way of learning? It is too early to be sure, but it is very exciting to thi

35、nk about it. B Shopping used to mean actually going to shops, but nowadays, you can shop without even leaving your house. Just sit in front of your computer, click your mouse and your t 1 will be sent to your house in a matter of days.Nov 11 is a big day for people who like shopping online. Many onl

36、ine stores offered a big discount and free deliver s 2 . On that day, the biggest online shopping sites in China, Taobao and Tmall , sold things worth 19.1 billion yuan in total.“Goods online are often much c 3 . It also saves me a lot of time. And we often have more choices on many online stores th

37、an in shopping malls, Wang Xin, an online shopping lover in Beijing, said to China Daily.A 4 big advantage of online is that it helps people get things from different cities, even different countries, with ease. “I like eating duck neck very much and I often buy it on Taobao from shops in Wuhan. Its

38、 much more delicious than what our local stores sell, said Zhang Xi, a girl in Yangzhou.While enjoying online shopping, many people a 5 have worries, especially for middle school student buyers. Young students are easily a 6 by advertisements on the Internet and buy things they dont need. “Middle sc

39、hool students should pay more attention to their study. Searching for things w 7 their time, said Jing Chunling, and education expert. “Online shop owners have no idea of the ages of their buyers. Its dangerous when young students can buy things such as cigarettes and wines so easily.進(jìn)步題：(A)Success

40、often depends on your p_1_ at an interview. For those who are well prepared, it can be a positive experience but for others it can be a terrifying time. Love them or hate them, though, your job prospects are largely d_2_ 0n your interview skills. Its not unusual for a company to have fifty or sixty

41、applicants for a job, so if you are asked to a_3_ an interview, you are a serious contender 競爭者being seriously considered for the post.Usually companies give you at least a days n_4_ of an interview, so use the time to prepare yourself well. red through the job d_5_ or any other information sent to

42、you and prepare answers to as many questions as you can think of. At the interview, try to present a p_6_ version of yourself. You need to make the employer clear that you can do the job, but you mustnt appear over-confident. Being pleasant, however, doesnt mean that you should agree with everything

43、 that the interviewer says. Most companies want to select someone with his or her own opinion. Its also important to make sure that you really listen to what is being asked. In your preparation you will have rehearsed answers to a number of imaginary questions, but you must tailor your response to s

44、uit the questions. Its worthwhile spending a few moments after the interview analyzing your performance. You can do this best before you know the result. What aspects of the interview w_7_ well? What do you need to improve? What would you do d _8 _ next time? BWith the population boom on earth, it b

45、ecomes more and more difficult for the planet to hold so many people. Since most of the i 1 places are already occupied, all the countries are looking for a way out. America is always c 2 the most powerful country in the space exploration. The American astronomical community believes it is n 3 to bu

46、ild a base on the moon. A 4 Russia is not as strong as America in space power for the time being, it has inherited a lot of knowledge, equipment and e 5 from the former Soviet Union. Many scientists think that it is just a m 6 of time for Russians to land on the moon, or even the Marz. China has mad

47、e big p 7 in space exploration on the last two decades. Continuous success has been a 8 with the Shenzhou spaceships. Chinas Lunar Exploration Project has completed its first two steps and is now going to the l 9 one: to build a base on the moon. Apart from the top three countries, India is believed

48、 to be the next “China in the area of space exploration d 10 to its quick development in the field.：熟記短語，注重語境細(xì)心檢查，防止疏漏閱讀全文，把握大意關(guān)注語法，符合邏輯根底題：I. Choose the best answer 選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢? 1. Paul told me that he had bought a new flat on _ phone.A aB anC theD /2. The Grade 9 students took exams _ Christmas Day t

49、his year. A onB atC toD in3. I asked my friends to help _ to the fruit and snacks.A theyB themC theirD themselves4. We need to go shopping. There is _ juice left in the fridge.A littleB fewC manyD much5.A surprising ending can add excitement _ a film. A forBtoC atD on6.I could hear calling to me, bu

50、t I didnt know who he was. A everyone B someone C anyoneD nobody7. Youd better not stay outdoors in this kind of weather, you?A do B dontC hadD hadnt8. The road near my home has been rebuilt. Its much and noisier.A wideB wider C widestD the widest 9. Hes not in now. Would you like to leave a message

51、 _ call again later?A andB butC soD or10. Joan says she wont buy a car _ she passes the driving test.A unlessB becauseC sinceD if11. Ben started his business in his twenties and became after years of hard work.A succeedB successC successfulD successfully12. It is really comfortable _ in an air-condi

52、tioned classroom in summer.A studyB to studyC studyingD studied13.The Greens _ several times since they came to work in this city.A moveB movedC have moved D are moving14. Jenny will stay with a Canadian family when she _ for a further study next year.A goesB go C will go D has gone15. Jessicas pare

53、nts always encourage her _ out her opinions.A speak B speakingC to speakD will speak16. I like traveling very much. My hope is _ around the world one day. A travel B traveled C will travel D to travel17. The manager says theres no hot water after 8:00p.m. You mean we _ go to bed without a shower. Ho

54、w terrible!A have to B mayC mustD can18.Cathy enjoys _ her grandchildren playing with her pets in the garden. A watch B watchingC to watchD watches19. Sorry Im late, but the bus broke down. Ive just got here myself. A Thats all right. B Thank you very much.C Youre welcome. D I think youre right.20.

55、My son had an accident this morning. He fell down some stairs. _ How did it happen?A Dont mention it.B It sounds so strange.C It doesnt matter.D Im sorry to hear that.II.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順。每空格限填一詞，首字母已給 Suzhou Creek，flowing 125 kilometers，has been a witness to the citys history. It is the S_1_longest river in shanghai after the Huangpu River. Suzhou Creek was original