2016新課標(biāo)三維英語(yǔ)必修6U4S

1、Section_Grammar it的用法(2)語(yǔ)法圖解探究發(fā)現(xiàn)There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide

2、in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.It was during the 20th century that the temperature of the earth went up about one degree Fahrenheit.我的發(fā)現(xiàn)這些句子都是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，句中的黑體詞部分標(biāo)出了句中的強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)，即：it_is

3、/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who .句首詞用“it”；be動(dòng)詞總是用單數(shù)形式，即is或was。連接詞一般用that，當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)連接詞也可用who。一、強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本用法強(qiáng)調(diào)句就是把句中要強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分(通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句)放在It is/was和that/who之間，原句中剩余部分放在that/who之后。1強(qiáng)調(diào)句的陳述句式“It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who其他剩余部分”The 2022 Winter Olympic Games will take place in Beijing and Zhangjiakou.It is in Beijing and Zh

4、angjiakou that the 2022 Winter Olympic Games will take place.在北京和張家口將要舉行2022年冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)。名師點(diǎn)津(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的連接詞只用that(指人或物)或who(只指人)，且都不可省略。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句可以強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，但不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用do/does/did動(dòng)詞原形。He did write to you last week. 上周他確實(shí)給你寫了信。2強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句式“Is/Was it被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who其他剩余部分？”Is it in Beijing and Zhangjiakou that

5、the 2022 Winter Olympic Games will take place?是在北京和張家口將要舉行2022年冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)嗎？3強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句式“被強(qiáng)調(diào)的疑問詞is/was itthat其他剩余部分？”Whats it that Professor Liu teaches us this year?劉教授今年到底教我們什么？How is it that she turned down our help?什么原因使得她拒絕我們的幫助的？When and where was it that you got to know Mary?究竟在何時(shí)何地你認(rèn)識(shí)的瑪麗？Who was it

6、 that came up with the bright idea? 究竟是誰(shuí)提出了好的主意？4強(qiáng)調(diào)句的識(shí)別方法如果把強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)去掉，句子的意思是完整、清楚的，句子結(jié)構(gòu)也是完整的，這個(gè)句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。如果把強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)去掉后，意思不通順，結(jié)構(gòu)也不完整，則句子不構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。It was because he refused to obey the policeman that he was sent to the police station.他是因?yàn)榫芙^服從警察而被送到警察局的。把強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)去掉，則變?yōu)椋篐e was sent to the police station because he re

7、fused to obey the policeman.因?yàn)樗芙^服從警察，所以被送到了警察局。去掉強(qiáng)調(diào)部分后，句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意義仍然完整，說(shuō)明這是個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句。即時(shí)演練1(1)句型轉(zhuǎn)換They met each other in that supermarket. It_was_in_that_supermarket_that they met each other. (強(qiáng)調(diào)原句中的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))Was_it_in_that_supermarket_that they met each other? (把變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?Where_was_it_that they met each other? (提問

8、句中的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))(2)用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空(2015湖南高考改編)It was when we were returning home that I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.(2014湖南高考改編)Its not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do that makes life happy.(2014四川高考改編)Was it because Jack came late for school

9、 that Mr. Smith got angry?二、強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊用法強(qiáng)調(diào)句與其他句型的結(jié)合，注意以下幾種用法：1強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與名詞性從句的結(jié)合句式特征為： 整個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用作名詞性從句或者在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中含有名詞性從句時(shí)，從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序。Do you know what it is that they will do next?你知道他們下一步究竟要做什么嗎？2強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)合句式特征為： 在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分或其他部分中找出一個(gè)先行詞，附上修飾該部分的定語(yǔ)從句，這樣整個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)就變得非常復(fù)雜。應(yīng)特別注意不要混淆定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的that/who部分。It was last

10、Spring when they worked together (when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句) that they began to become good friends.是在一起工作的去年的春天里他們開始成為了好朋友。It was in the school where they had their schooling (where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句) that they had a gettogether again twenty years later.二十年后，他們是在曾接受教育的學(xué)校里又聚在了一起。3強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與not . until句型的結(jié)合“It is/was not until被強(qiáng)調(diào)

11、部分that其他剩余部分”It was not until he came back that I knew the result.直到他回來(lái)，我才知道結(jié)果。即時(shí)演練2(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空The question is whom it is that we can turn to for help. It is in the hotel where he stayed last night that he lost his mobile phone. (2015福建高考書面表達(dá))It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the sto

12、ry that counts.(2)補(bǔ)全句子Ive already forgotten where_it_was_that you put the dictionary.我已經(jīng)忘了你到底把字典放到哪里了。It_was_playing_computer_games_that cost the child plenty of time which he ought to have spent doing his lessons. 是玩電腦游戲花去了這個(gè)孩子大量的應(yīng)該用在功課上的時(shí)間。(2013天津高考改編)It_was_not_until_near_the_end_of_the_letter_th

13、at she mentioned her own plan.直到將近信的結(jié)尾她才提到她自己的計(jì)劃。三、強(qiáng)調(diào)句應(yīng)注意的問題1即使被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)等，也不能用when, where, because等而要用that。It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed.老太太是在銀行前面被搶劫的。2強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的主謂一致還原后，由真正的主語(yǔ)來(lái)確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式。Personally I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girls, tha

14、t _ to blame.強(qiáng)調(diào)句還原：Personally I think the sales manager, rather than the sales girls, _ to blame.根據(jù)主謂一致中的“就遠(yuǎn)原則”可以判斷使用第三人稱單數(shù)；根據(jù)平行謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞think，可以確定使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故此處應(yīng)為is。3強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的反意疑問句句式“It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who ., isnt/wasnt it？”It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, wasnt it?是愛麗絲和她的男朋

15、友把這老人送到醫(yī)院的，是嗎？4強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的省略形式句式特征為： 在一定的上下文中，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的某個(gè)部分可以省略，解題時(shí)要特別注意將其復(fù)原并加以比較。Who is making so much noise in the garden?It is the children (who are making so much noise in the garden)是誰(shuí)在花園里弄這么大的噪音？是孩子們。5易與強(qiáng)調(diào)句混淆的幾個(gè)句型(1)It is時(shí)間when .“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候；時(shí)間是”when 引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句中的 it 指時(shí)間，表語(yǔ)由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。試比較：It was ten oclock when

16、 we got home last night. 我們昨晚到家時(shí)十點(diǎn)了。(狀語(yǔ)從句)It was at ten oclock that we got home last night. 我們昨晚是在十點(diǎn)到家的。此句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，去掉“It was . that”后句子仍然完整合理，注意that不能改成when。而上句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。(2)It was/will be . before . “過就”It was not/will not be . before . “不久就”主句中的 it 指時(shí)間，表語(yǔ)多是long, not long, three days, two weeks等表示“一段時(shí)間”的詞或短

17、語(yǔ)。試比較：It was three days before he went to Beijing. 三天后他就去了北京。It was three days ago that he went to Beijing. 他是三天前去的北京。此句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，去掉“It was . that”后句子仍然完整合理。即時(shí)演練3單句語(yǔ)法填空(2015湖南高考書面表達(dá))It is the teachers praise that contributes to my success.It is either he or you who are (be) in charge of the project and s

18、upposed to finish it punctually.It will not be long before he finishes his job. It was 5 oclock when we set off yesterday.單句語(yǔ)法填空1It was not just the size of the party last night butwhat it meant to our company that made it unique.2He was so busy yesterday that it was not until late at night that he

19、finished his work.3I wonder what it is that makes the video Gangnam Style so popular.The unique dance moves and funny horse riding scenes.4When did you come back last night?It was not until 11 oclock when the party ended. 5Was it on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went dow

20、n?6It is five months since my son went to America.7It was five months ago that my son went to America.8It will be half a year before my son comes back from America.9It was midnight when she was woken up by a phone call.10It was at midnight that she was woken up by a phone call.強(qiáng)調(diào)下列各句中的黑體部分1I was tau

21、ght how to drive last year. It_was_last_year_that I was taught how to drive. 2What he had said satisfied all the people present. It_was_what_he_said_that satisfied all the people present. 3In the city where they spent their holiday, they had a quarrel for the first time. It_was_in_the_city_where_the

22、y_spent_their_holiday_that they had a quarrel for the first time.4Where did the police find their missing child? Where_was_it_that the police found their missing child?5They didnt leave to travel until they finished the work. It_was_not_until_they_finished_the_work_that they left to travel.6Not what

23、 you said but what you did matters much. It_is_not_what_you_said_but_what_you_did_that matters much.7Because they couldnt stand the big noise, they decided to move out of the house near the railway. It_was_because_they_couldnt_stand_the_big_noise_that they decided to move out of the house near the r

24、ailway.8I lost all my keys because of my carelessness. It_was_all_my_keys_that I lost because of my carelessness.9Have they decided to give up their chance to work for that company? Is_it_their_chance_to_work_for_that_company_that they have decided to give up?10Did Mary attend her friends party last night? Was_it_her_friends_party_last_night_that Mary attended?.根據(jù)要求補(bǔ)全句子1It_was_when_h