初中八種英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)精講精練

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時(shí)一、用法1表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、行為或存在的狀態(tài)。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：often, usually, always, every day/week/month/year, sometimes, seldom，once a week, twice a week, on Sundays等。 I go to school every day. 2表示主語(yǔ)的身份或特征。His father is a doctor. Tom is tall. 3表示一種客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。The earth is round. The sun is bigger than the

2、 moon. 4在條件狀態(tài)從句和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。If you dont go soon, youll be late. 如果你不快去的話，你就要遲到了。二、構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，除主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)第三人稱以外，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一律用原形，若主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的詞尾應(yīng)發(fā)生變化（加-s或-es）。1在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s run runs2以ch, sh, s, o, x結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-es guesses, fixes, teaches, washes, goes3以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先將y變?yōu)閕，再加-es try tries4以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-s stay s

3、tays 5. have-has三、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句型變化。1. 肯定句（1）主語(yǔ)+ am / is / are +表語(yǔ)They are new students. I am tall. He is from Japan. am is are 用法口訣：I用am，you 用are，is 連著他、她、它；單數(shù)用is , 復(fù)數(shù)一律都用are。（2）a. 主語(yǔ)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+其它 I read English every morning. b. 單三人稱主語(yǔ)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞單三人稱+其它He usually goes to school by bike.2. 否定句（1）主語(yǔ) +am / is / are +

4、not +表語(yǔ) She is not a nurse. （2）a. 主語(yǔ) +dont +動(dòng)詞原形 +其它如：I dont play soccer after school.b.單三人稱主語(yǔ)+doesnt +動(dòng)詞原形+其它 He doesnt go to the park after school. 3. 一般疑問(wèn)句（1）Am / Is / Are +主語(yǔ) +表語(yǔ)？ Is your mother a teacher? （2）a. Do + 主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞原形 +其它 ？ Do you speak English? b. Does +單三人稱主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？Does your brother

5、have a wide mouth?4. 特殊疑問(wèn)句 特殊疑問(wèn)詞 +一般疑問(wèn)句？What time does your mother get up every day?專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式1. study _ 2. play _3. watch _ 4. wash _5. have _6. ride _7. take _8. worry_9. help _10. say _11.put _12. teach _13. fly _14. eat _15. go _ 16. guess _17. read _ 18. do _19. call _20. cry _二、用所給

6、動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us Engl

7、ish on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. The moon _ (travel) round the earth.11. It usually _ (take) me more than two hours to finish my homework.12. I will tell him the good news as soon as he _ (come) back.13. Miss Gao is very busy. She _ (sleep) six hours a day.14. Lo

8、ok! Susan _ (dance) in the garden. She often _ (dance) there.15. The children will go to the Summer Palace if it _ (not rain) tomorrow.16. I _ any pears (not have). But Mary _ some (have).17. What language _ you _? (speak) 18. My brother _ to be a scientist. (not like) 19. We _ Japanese at school. (

9、not study) 20. He _ playing football. (not like) 三、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作肯、否定回答)_3. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作肯、否定回答)_4. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)_5. Sun Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.否

10、定句: _ 一般疑問(wèn)句: _ 劃線提問(wèn): _6. Tom does his homework at home.否定句: _ 一般疑問(wèn)句: _ 劃線提問(wèn)_四、選用所給的詞語(yǔ)適當(dāng)形式填空give, rain, enjoy, sing, return, borrow, keep1. It often _ in my hometown in summer.2. Sometimes the birds _ in the tree.3. Joe usually _ books from the school library, but she never _ them on time.4. May I _

11、the dictionary for a week?5. The little boy _ himself in the garden on Saturdays.6. Mary is a good girl. She often _ me a hand when I need some help. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法 一、定義：表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。經(jīng)常與yesterday, the day before yesterday（前天）last week（month ,year）,two months ago, in 1990, in

12、those days , long long ago=once upon a time just now(剛才) at the age of 5等表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如： I was born in 1990. When did you go to the park? I went to the park last week. 二、構(gòu)成：1.Be 動(dòng)詞(在沒(méi)有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的句子中使用be動(dòng)詞) am is was; arewere.肯定句：主語(yǔ)+was (were) +賓語(yǔ) 如：I was late yesterday.否定句：主語(yǔ)+was (were) +not+賓語(yǔ) 如：We weren&

13、#39;t late yesterday.疑問(wèn)句：Was (Were) +主語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ) 如： Were you ill yesterday? Yes, I was. No, I wasn't.特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+was (were) +主語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)如：When were you born? 2實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)肯定句要使用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，否定句和疑問(wèn)句要使用didnt , did. 肯定句為：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+賓語(yǔ) 如： I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.否定句：主語(yǔ)+didn't +動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ) 如：I didn'

14、t go home yesterday.疑問(wèn)句Did +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)Did you go home yesterday? Yes, I did. No, I didn't.3動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式構(gòu)成。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。1）一般情況下在詞尾直接加ed。如：playplayed workworked2）以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞只加d. 如：like- liked loveloved 3）以輔音字母+Y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變Y為I，再加ed. 如：studystudied carrycarried4）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，如果末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，要雙寫(xiě)最后這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed. 如：stopstopped 不規(guī)

15、則動(dòng)詞(見(jiàn)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表)。如: am, is -was鞏固練習(xí)題一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_worry_ ask _ walk_ eat_ draw_put _ hear _ write_ want_ do _二、請(qǐng)用正確動(dòng)詞形式填空。 1. I _ (have) an exciting party last weekend. 2. _ she _(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _. 3. What _ Tom _ (do) on

16、Saturday evening? He _(watch) TV and _(read) an interesting book. 4. They all _(go) to the mountains yesterday morning. 5. She _(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She _ (stay) at home and _(do) some cleaning. 6. When _ you _(write) this song? I _(write) it last year. 7. My friend, Carol, _(study) fo

17、r the math test and _(practice) English last night. 8. _ Mr. Li _(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _. 9. How _(be) Jim's weekend? It _(be not) bad. 10. _ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she _.11. Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month. 12. Mike _(not go) to bed unt

18、il 12 oclock last night. So he _ (get) up late. 13. Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning. 14. There _ (be) no one here a moment ago. 15. Last week we _ (pick) many apples on the farm. 16. My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday. 17. She watches TV every evening. But she _ (not watch) TV last nig

19、ht. 18_ your father _ ( go ) to work every day last year? 19What time _ you _ (get) to Beijing yesterday? We _ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening. 20. What _ (make) him cry (哭) just now? 21. There _( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家鄉(xiāng)) in 1940. 22. When _ you _ (come) to china? Last year.

20、 23. Did she _ (have) supper at home? 24. Jack _ (not clean) the room just now. 25. It _(be) hot yesterday and most children _ (be) outside. 二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換（變一般疑問(wèn)句，肯否定回答；否定句；劃線提問(wèn)）1. My brother was in the park just now.2.He read an English book last week. 3. There were about nine hundred people at the concert

21、.4. The children had a good time in the park.5. Ann did her homework yesterday evening.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一、定義：表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?；颥F(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。也表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（僅限于go, come, arrive, leave, start, fly, begin, stay 等動(dòng)詞）。如：He is coming tonight.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, at the moment. Its four oclock . nowadays, Look,. Listen, . 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/ar

22、e+動(dòng)詞ing Im doing my homework. He is writing.否定形式：am/is/are+not+動(dòng)詞ing. Im not doing my homework. He is not writing.一般疑問(wèn)句：把a(bǔ)m/is/are放于句首。Are you doing your homework? Yes,I am. No,Im not.特殊疑問(wèn)：疑問(wèn)詞+ am/is/are +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ing? 如：What are you doing?但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞+ am/is/are +動(dòng)詞ing? Who is singing over there? 動(dòng)

23、詞加ing的變化規(guī)則（1）一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking（2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting（3）如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加ing， run-running, stop-stopping ，sit-sitting，run-running， forget-forgetting，begin-beginning（4）以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，改ie為y加ing ，如：die-dying lielying專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_run_swim_make_go_like

24、_write_ski_read_dance_put_see_buy_love_live_take_come_get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Someone _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson . 6.They _(

25、not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They are doing housework .一般疑問(wèn)句：_ 否定句： _2Im playing the football in the playgr

26、ound .(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))3Tom is reading books in his study . (對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一、定義：表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：this/that time yesterday, at that moment at eight oclock last night, from8 to 10 yesterday morning, when, while 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were +動(dòng)詞ing I was doing my homework this/that time yesterday.He

27、 was watching TV at eight oclock last night.She was playing the violin when I saw her.While I was reading, my mother was cooking否定形式：was/were +not+動(dòng)詞ing.I wasnt doing my homework this/that time yesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句：把was/were放于句首。Was he watching TV at eight oclock last night?Yes, he was. No, he wasnt.特殊疑問(wèn)

28、的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞+was/were + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞ing? What were you doing this time yesterday? 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：A用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。1.   Jim _ (write) a letter at that moment.2.  When the telephone _(ring), she _ (do) her housework.3.  When I _(leave) the party, the people _ (enjoy) themselves.4.&

29、#160;When my brother _(come) into the room, I _(telephone) Mary.5. While the children _(play) outside, their mother _(cook) their dinner.6. He _(watch)TV at nine last night. He _(watch)TV last night.7. What _the twins _(do) then?8. _Lily _(draw) a cat when the teacher came in ? -No, she _9. _yo

30、u _(have) supper at that time?10. Jack _(not read) a book at nine yesterday evening.11. What _ he _ (do) at nine oclock last night?B.把下列句子變成否定句，一般疑問(wèn)句，劃線部分提問(wèn)。1. They were playing football when I saw them2.He was doing his homework at eight oclock last night.C.動(dòng)詞填空：Last Sunday, all my family_ at home.

31、 My father_ his car outside our house. My mother _the housework. She _(try)to clean the whole house at the weekend. My grandmother_ TV in the sofa. I _computer games in the morning. I_( receive) a phone call and _shopping with my friends. In the evening, our family _dinner together.一般將來(lái)時(shí)一、定義：表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)

32、間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) (1) tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, tomorrow morning (2) next time, next Friday, next term, next month(3) in +一段時(shí)間；in +一段時(shí)間 ' s + time(4) soon = right away = at once (5) by the end of + 將來(lái)時(shí)間(6)later (on) ; in the future二、基本結(jié)構(gòu) am/is/are going to + 動(dòng)詞原形（打算）He is going to see h

33、is brother.will + 動(dòng)詞原形（將，會(huì)）（第一人稱I/We 可專用 shall+do.) I will study tomorrow.I shall meet them in two days. -Shall we go shopping after school? -Good idea.肯定句 主語(yǔ) + be (am, are, is) going to/ will + 動(dòng)詞原形. Im going to study tomorrow. I will study tomorrow.否定句只須在will或be（am，is，are）后加not；如The manager wont a

34、gree with him. The president isnt going to visit the small town. 疑問(wèn)句 把will或be提到主語(yǔ)前即可。à Will he agree with him? Yes, he will. / No, he wont.à Is he going to visit the small town? Yes, he is. / No, he isnt.一. 用括號(hào)中動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. She _ (not have) a concert (演唱會(huì)) next year.2.Rose is ill. Oh, I am

35、 sorry to hear that. I _ (go) to see her this evening.3. He _ (travel) all over the world.4. When _ Mike _(arrive ) here tomorrow?5._ you _ (be) a teacher when you grow up?6.Where _ we _ (have )the meeting tomorrow?7. They _ the farm if it doesnt rain next Sunday.8. Dont worry. They _ (finish) the w

36、ork soon.9.She will write to you as soon as she _ (get) there.10. “When _ you _ (do) your homework? ” “The day after tomorrow”二. 變換句型。1. He is going to see his brother tomorrow.( 疑問(wèn)句,否定句)2. Sally will come back in three hours. （否定句,疑問(wèn)句,劃線部分提問(wèn)）3. Im going to get there by plane.（否定句,劃線部分提問(wèn)）4. They wil

37、l give us thirty books.（劃線部分提問(wèn)）5. My mothers going to make a birthday cake for my father. （劃線部分提問(wèn)）過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)一、定義：它表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間來(lái)看將要發(fā)生的某個(gè)動(dòng)作或存在的某種狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（1）the next time/ Friday/ term/ month （2）the following month (week)（3）主句為過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句中原來(lái)的一般將來(lái)時(shí)要轉(zhuǎn)換成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。二、構(gòu)成A ) would + 動(dòng)詞原形 如：He asked me if I would go there t

38、omorrow. B ) was / were going to + 動(dòng)詞原形如：No one knew when he was going to finish his homework.C) come, go, arrive, leave, die 等瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞，用在過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中表示過(guò)去將來(lái)。如：She told us that she was leaving for Yunnan. 她告訴我們她將要去云南。專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Miss Zhang said she _(visit) the Great Wall next summer.2. She told him

39、 that she _(not stay) here for long. 3. I wasnt sure whether Lucy_(come) the next year. 4.Lucy said she will write to me as soon as she _ (get) there.5.She _ (not have) a concert the next night.二、單選( )1. What did your son say in the letter? He told me that he _ the Disney World the next day. A. will

40、 visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit( )2. I hoped Tina _ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday. A. to come B. is coming C. will come D. was coming( )3. Father said that he _ me to Beijing the next year. A. took B. would take C. takes D. will take( )4. We were not sure

41、whether they _ more vegetables. A. are going to grow B. were going to grow C. will grow D. have grown（ ）5. - Where will we meet?- Sorry?- I asked _ meet.A. where we would B. when we would C. where will we D where would we （ ）6. Ken was so busy when we saw him, because he _ a speech the next day.A. w

42、ill make B. would make C. has made D. was making（ ）7. If I had enough money, I _ a big house for my father.A. will buy B. would buy C. have bought D. am buying（ ）8. Tina _ leave when I met her.A. was going to B. would C. was about to D. A, B and C（ ）9. - When will she come back?- Pardon?- I asked wh

43、en _.A. when will she come back B. when she will come backC. when would she come back D. when she would come back現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一、用法：A過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常與already,yet,never,ever,just,before等連用。B表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與for, since,等一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(1) already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once(twice.) ,r

44、ecently ,lately ,so far, in / during the past / last + 一段時(shí)間 (2) for + 一段時(shí)間, since + 過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間 ; since + last; since + 一段時(shí)間 + ago, since +從句.二、構(gòu)成：have/has+過(guò)去分詞 主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),助動(dòng)詞用has, 其他人稱用have. 過(guò)去分詞：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞同過(guò)去式，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞需要記憶。三、結(jié)構(gòu);肯定句：主語(yǔ)+ have/has+過(guò)去分詞+I have seen the film before.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+ have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞+I

45、havent seen the film before.一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+Have you seen the film before? Yes, I have .No, I havent.特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ have/has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+四、非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，可以用于完成時(shí)中，表示動(dòng)作的完成，在肯定句中不能和for及since， how long連接的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。如I have bought the pen. () I have bought the pen for three days. (×)I have had the pen fo

46、r three days. () I bought the pen three days ago. ()I havent bought books from the school library for three days. ()部分短暫性動(dòng)詞與之對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：e/arrive here-be here e to -be in 3. die -be dead 4. buy have 5.borrow keep 6. leave -be away(from) 7.begin -be on 8.join- be in/be a member (join in the army-be in t

47、he army-be a soldier) 9. catch a cold-have a cold 10. finish- be over, open -be open, close -be closed五、have been in, have been to 與have gone to 的用法have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如：since, for, how long 等。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 此外還有這些搭配：have been here (there)

48、/at home (school) / abroad have(has)been to表示“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？膳cjust, ever, never等連用，I have just been to the post office. Mary has never been to the Great Wall. have(has) been to后面可接次數(shù)表示去過(guò)某地幾次。I have been to Beijing three times.have(has) gone to 意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊f(shuō)話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞

49、作句子的主語(yǔ)。-Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop. Jack Johnson has gone to London. 一、用for 和since填空1. We have learned five hundred words _ the beginning of this term.2. Mrs Liao has been in hospital _a week. 3. I have stayed there _last week.4. He has lived in Nanjing _twenty years.5. Ive known him

50、 _I was a child.6. Our teacher has studied Japanese _three years.7. She has been away from the city _about two years.8. Its about ten years _she left the city.二、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei _? B: He _ to Hainan Island.A: How long _ he _ there? B: He _ there for three days.A:

51、When will he come back , do you know? B: Im afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I _ never _ there.A: How many times _ Li Fei _ to that place? B: He _ there only once. 三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. Mr. Smith has already worked here since 1984. (變成否定句，一般疑問(wèn)句，劃線提問(wèn))2.I didn't see him last year.（改為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）_3.I bought the bike last year I_ the bike for_ _ 四、所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式和漢語(yǔ)提示填空1. Thanks a lot. Its sunny again. It _(rain) for a long time.2. _Mr. Li _(