般過去時態(tài)和現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的區(qū)別練習(xí)題

1、一般過去時態(tài)和現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的區(qū)別練習(xí)題1）一般過去時態(tài)表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作；現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中動作為過去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。如 :I saw this filmyesterday. （強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了）I have already seen this film. （強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知了）I haven t finished my work yet. （ 強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，還有工作要做，不能去玩） When did youfinish your homework? （ 詢問過去的動作所發(fā)生的時間，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān) ） 2）一

2、般過去時態(tài)表示動作在過去已經(jīng)停止；現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)表示過去開始的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。如： Ann visited her uncle last weekend.（visit這個動作在過去已經(jīng)停止） They have lived here since 1983.（live here 這個動作從1983年開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在）3） 一般過去時態(tài)常用非延續(xù)性動詞，如 borrow, buy, come, go,leave, start, die, finish, become 等?，F(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，與時間段連用時動詞一般是延續(xù)性的， 如 keep, have, live, te

3、ach, learn, work, study, know,be 等。 如： He joined the League three years ago .（join 是短暫動詞）He has been in the League for three years. （ be in 表狀 態(tài)，在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)）He has been a League memberforthree years. （是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)）4）一般過去時態(tài)常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài) 通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。一般過去時態(tài)的時間狀語：yesterday, lastnight/week/month

4、/year ，ago, in1980, just now等，皆 為具體的時間狀語.現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的時間狀語：for+ 時間段 , since+ 過去的時間點(diǎn)/ 一般過去時態(tài)的句子, so far, , up to now, in thepast years, 等， 皆為不確定的時間狀語。如： Tim wrotea letter to his brother last night.（ last night 為具體的過去時間狀語，所以用一般過去時態(tài)）I ve learned English for three years .（ for three years 為時間狀語，是個時間段，時間跨度大， 不

5、具體）學(xué)以致用1When you to learn to skate?Five years ago.A. do; start B. will; start現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)詳細(xì)講解及其練習(xí)一、 現(xiàn)在完成時由“ have/has+ 過去 分詞”構(gòu)成，主要有兩個含義：表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果， 常用的時間狀語有many times ， just ， yet ， ever ， never， just ，already ， so far, by now 等。I have already watched the TV play. 我已經(jīng)看過這部電視劇了。（現(xiàn)在我對它不感興趣了） Have yo

6、u found your lost pen yet? No, I haven t found it yet. （我很著急）表示動作或者狀態(tài)在過去 已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到 現(xiàn)在 ， 也許還將持續(xù) 下去。 用于 延續(xù)性動詞， 常常與 so far 、 for 或者 since短語連用。since + 時間點(diǎn) / 從句， for + 時間段，如for twomonths 等。二 、現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)和一般過去時態(tài)的區(qū)別1) 現(xiàn)在完成時和 一般過去時都能表示過去發(fā)生過的動作，但現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響， 并且表示這一動作已完成或還可能繼續(xù)下去；2) 而 一般過去時與現(xiàn)在的情況沒有聯(lián)系 ， 僅表示過去的動

7、作，且這一動作到說話時已終止。因此現(xiàn)在完成時不能與表示明確的過去時間如：in1949 , yesterday , last week等的狀語連用, 并且用when或where對這些時間和地點(diǎn)狀語提問時，一般只 用一般過去時。三、在“ it is first/second.time that.?！被蛟凇?it/this/that is the + 最高級+名詞+that.?！苯Y(jié)構(gòu)中，that 從句中的動詞常用現(xiàn)在完成時；在“it + be .+since從句”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中， be 可用 一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時，since從句一般用過去時?，F(xiàn)在完成時可以和帶有since 或 for 等表示“一段時間

8、”的狀語連用，表示動作或狀態(tài)從某一時刻開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。如：I haven't seen him for two years.但是，像come, arrive, buy 等終止性動詞不能與表示“一段時間”的狀語連用。要用，必須改為“ be (在)”等延續(xù)性 動詞來表述?，F(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動詞到延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：comearrive fbe heredie fbe deadbegin(st art) -be onbackfbe backfall川(sick,asleep)-be ill(sick,asleep)leave fbeaway get up fbe up finish

9、 fbe over open fbe open close fbe closedborrow fkeep 或 beon fbe in 或 be a member of go to school fbe astudent buy fhavecatc h(a cold) - have(acold) begin to study fstudy get to know fknowcome to work fwork 等 如： He has been a soldier for three years. 他參軍三年了。他父親去世二年His father has been dead for two yea

10、rs.The film has been on for ten minutes. 電影已開始十分 鐘了。We have studied English for three years. 我們（開始） 學(xué)英語已三年了。幾點(diǎn)注意事項（ 1） have been（to） 與 have gone（ to） 的區(qū)別： have been（to）表示“去過某地 （現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了） ”， 可用于 各人稱； have gone（to） 表示“去某地了（說話時某人不在當(dāng)?shù)兀?，常用于第三人稱，前者可與once , never, several times 等連用，后者則不能。He has been to Bei

11、jing. 他 去過 北京（已經(jīng)回來了）He has gone to Beijing . 他 去 北京 了 。 （還沒有回來）have/has been in 待在某地如： They have been in Beijing. 他們呆在北京。（ 2） 終止性 動詞現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式，已變成一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，因此可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用 。 如：I haven't left here since 1997. 自從 1997 年以來，我一 直沒有離開過這兒?，F(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)練習(xí)題一 選擇填空。（） 2. Her father in1990 and her husbandfor more

12、than five years.(B) has(A) died ,dead died, dead(C) died ,has been dead(D) has died, hasdied() 3. I have this nice watch for two years.(A) had(B) bought(C)borrowed(D) lend() his home for ten years.(A)has left(B)left from(C)has been away from(D)was away from() a league member for three years(A)is(B)h

13、as been(C)hasbecome (D)have become() 's brother has for two years(A)joined the army(C)become a soldier(B)been an army(D)been in the army() hasn't Quanzhou ever since he left school(A)left(B)beenaway(C)been(D)away二 選擇填空() 1. Have you finished your homework Yes,I it last night(A)finish(B)finis

14、hed (C)have finished (D)will finish( ) 2. you ever to Nanjing Yes,I there last year. (A)Have gone, have gone(B)Did - go, went (C)Have - been , went (D)Did - go, has , been )() 3. When you Lucy in New York? I her for two years(A)did meet, haven'tseen (B)did meet, don't see(C) have met, haven&

15、#39;t seen() finished his homework yet .(C)( A) didn t (B)haven thasnt(D) doesn t ha ve()5. Have you traveled on the banch? Yes, I have.(A)just(B)yetC)never (D)ever()6. Have you finished your homework Not(A)ever (B)already .(C)yet(D)just.() 7 We haven't finished our homework ， .(A)already( (B)ev

16、er(C)yet(D)never()8. Have youlearned English? Yes, I've learned a lot.(A)never, ever(B)ever, never(C)ever, already(D)already. ever() 9. Have you finished your homework ? Yes, I've done that.(A)yet,already(B)already, yet (C)ever,never (D)still, just()'s father borrowed some pictures(A ) h

17、as just (B)have ever (C)has yet (D)have already三 用 since 和 for 填空(一)1) two years two years ago 2)last month 3) yesterday 4) an hour ago 5) she left here 6) 4 o clock 8) 19999) 4 hours10) lunch time(二)1. He has lived in Nanjing the year before last.2. I ve known him we were children.3. Our teacher ha

18、s studied Japanese threeyears.4. She has been away from the city about tenyears.5. It s about ten years she left the city.四 單項選擇題() mother has worked in this factory 2 years.( A) about ( (B)for (C)in (D)since( )2. His father joined the party(A)since three years ago (B)in two years' time(C)for three years(D)three yearsago3. The students have cleaned the classroom , ?A. so theyB. don t theyC. havethey D. haven t theycame to Nanjing three years ago, so we here forthree years.A. have been toB. have been inC. have beenD. have goneHow long youyour dic