中考復(fù)習(xí)專題學(xué)案

1、中考復(fù)習(xí)專題（三） 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一、動(dòng)詞不定式1、動(dòng)詞不定式做主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),常用it做形式主語(yǔ),而將真正的主語(yǔ)放在句末.其結(jié)構(gòu)是 Its +adj.+of/ for sb + to do. Eg . To learn English well is useful .Its useful to learn well.注意：此時(shí)用of還是用for 關(guān)鍵是看形容詞形容的是什么，如果是形容做此事怎么樣用for,反之如形容人的性格特征的用of .1) Its very kind _you to help me.2) Its necessary _us to master a foreign la

2、nguage.3) Its nice _you to invite us.4) Its interesting _ us to play football.2、不定式做賓語(yǔ)1）一些動(dòng)詞只能用動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)。如: want, decide, hope, agree, wish, need ,promise, would like, plan等。eg. We hope_(see) the film. Would you like _(go) with us?2)在find, think后用it做形式賓語(yǔ)，將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在句末。Eg. I find _necessary _ (learn) a f

3、oreign language.3）常見(jiàn)的一些用不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)，這類動(dòng)詞有：Why not do, would rather dothan do, could/would you please do had better(not) do,Eg. I would rather _(stay) at home than _(go) out.3.不定式做賓補(bǔ)1)不定式做賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，與賓語(yǔ)之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有tell, ask, want, allow, get, invite, encourage等。否定形式在to do前加notMy mother often encoura

4、ges me _(study) hard.We dont allow people _(smoke) here.The students are often told_(not give) up.He asked me _(not drive) here.2)使讓動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞用省略to 的不定式做賓補(bǔ)Eg.1.The boss made the workers _(work) for another 2 hours. 2. I saw Lucy _(go) out just now. 注意： Lucy was seen _ (go) out just now.4、不定式做定語(yǔ)，放在被修飾詞后

5、，一般并與被修飾詞間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系Eg. Would you like something _(eat)?There is nothing _(worry) about.Have you got anything else _(say)He is often the first one_(get) here.5.不定式放在疑問(wèn)詞what, where, which how之后，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句Eg. I dont know what _(do) tomorrow.= I dont know _ tomorrow.He didnt know where_(go) for the holiday

6、.He didnt know where_ for the holiday.二、動(dòng)名詞1.動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)，此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Eg. _(collect) stamps _(be) my favorite.2.動(dòng)名詞做動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。此類動(dòng)詞有 keep, enjoy, preferto , mind, cant help, finish, feel like, practice ,Would you mind _(smoke) here?Knives are used for _(cut) things.5、注意介詞to + doing 的短語(yǔ)有哪些？_三、分詞。（分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞（動(dòng)詞+in

7、g)和過(guò)去分詞兩種，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)進(jìn)行，過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)完成。）1.做定語(yǔ)，單個(gè)的分詞作定語(yǔ)放在被修飾詞前，分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)放在被修飾詞的后面。1）This is a _(read) room.2) His _(speak) English is very good.3) Do you know the man _(stand) under the tree.4) The woman swept the leaves _(fall ) on the ground.2.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表伴隨Eg. The students went out of the class, _ (talk) and _

8、(laugh)3.分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)與賓語(yǔ)之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系（主動(dòng)），過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)與賓語(yǔ)之間有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系（被動(dòng)）。Eg. Dont keep us _(wait) for so long.She speaks loudly to make herself_(hear).I heard her _(sing) in the next room when I passed by.We have to make our hair _(cut)四、注意區(qū)分：1、動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)與動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)：無(wú)差別 begin , start Lets begin _(have) an En

9、glish class .：有一定差別 like , love , hatedoing表示愛(ài)好， to do 表示具體動(dòng)作。如：I like _(swim) a lot ,but this evening I love _(go) skating.C：差別很大try to do sth. (盡力去做某事)+ doing sth. (嘗試做某事 )思考 : remember forget stop 的用法2.動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)做賓補(bǔ)與現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)感官動(dòng)詞既可以跟不帶to的不定式做賓補(bǔ)也可以跟現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)，用不定式做賓補(bǔ)表示的動(dòng)作經(jīng)常做或做了，跟現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。1）I saw her

10、_(play) basketball when I met her.2) I often saw her _(play) basketball last week.3) I heard Lucy_(go) downstairs and _(go) out.3.need,want ,require+to do 與doing 的區(qū)別To do 表示被動(dòng)，與主語(yǔ)有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，doing 表示主動(dòng)，與主語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系My bike needs _(repair),and I want _(repair) it.4. ing與-ed 如：interesting 與interested；exc

11、iting與excited等的區(qū)別。 如：Im very _(surprise) at the _(surprise) matter. 2010經(jīng)典中考題1(2010·河北)I'd like you _ for a picnic with us. Ago Bto go Cgoing Dwent2(2010·哈爾濱)As teenagers，we're old enough _ with housework.We can help set the table，wash the dishes and clean our own rooms. Ato help B

12、helping Chelped D . help3(2010·蘭州)Danny did all kinds of things to make the baby _. Ato stop crying Bstop crying Cto stop to cry Dstop to cry4(2010·蘭州)What are on show in the museum? Some photos _ by the children of Yushu, Qinghai. Ahave been taken Bwere taken Care taken Dtaken5(2010·

13、蘭州)We have two rooms _， but I can't decide _. Ato live; to choose which one Blived; choose which one Cto live in; which one to choose Dlive; which one6(2010·廣州)The teacher told the students _ any food into the computer room. Anot to bring Bnot bring Cdon't bring Dbring not7(2010·廣州

14、)We don't have much homework this weekend. Shall we go out together? OK. What about _ a movie? Ato see Bseeing Cto see DSees8(2010·達(dá)州)Why not _ an English club to practice _ English? Ato join; to speak Bjoin; speaking Cjoin; to speak Dto join; speaking9.（2010·濰坊)At least 300 million pe

15、ople are using QQ _ by Ma Huateng to chat on line.Acreate Bcreates Ccreating Dcreated10(2010·荊州)Are you going to Tibet for vacation? Yes. I want you to _ me with some information about it. Aoffer Bgive CshowDprovide11(2010·泰安)I can't decide _. You mean the purple sweater or the blue on

16、e? Ahow to go there Bwho to go with Cwhere to visit Dwhich to choose12(2010·泰安)How about going shopping this weekend, Peter? Sorry. I prefer _ rather than _. Ato stay at home; go out Bto go out; stay at home Cstaying at home; go out Dgoing out; stay at home13(2010·廣安)Please remember _ the

17、lights when you leave the room. OK, I will. Aturn off Bto turn off Cturning off14(2010·定西)The boy is looking forward to _ a good time after the exam. Ato have Bhas Chaving Dhave15(2010·成都)Where's your brother now, Bob? I saw him _in the street a moment ago and I told him _. Aplaying; d

18、on't do so Bplaying; not to do so Cplay; to do so D.play ；not do so16(2010·河南)Father often tells me _ too much time on computer games. Adon't spend Bnot spend Cnot to spend Dnot spending2011中考預(yù)測(cè)題1 . May I listen to the music here, Mr White? Sorry, you'd better _ it like that. Anot to do Bnot do Cdon't do Dnot do to2 . I've just borrowed a CD player, but I don't know _.You can read the instructions. Ahow to use it Bwhere to buy it Cwhen to return it Dwhere to put it3.Why not _ your teacher for help