定語(yǔ)從句十大難點(diǎn)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上定語(yǔ)從句十大難點(diǎn)定語(yǔ)從句是中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)，也是難點(diǎn)。為了讓同學(xué)們更好地掌握這個(gè)語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目，本文對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句難點(diǎn)及重點(diǎn)加以分析歸納。請(qǐng)看題： 1Is this the house _ the great musician was born in?Awhich Bwhere Cthe one Dit2Ill never forget the days _ we spent our holidays together in JapanAwhen Bin which Cwhich Dthat3It was the only cotton mill _ there was

2、thenAwhy Bwhere Cin which D不填4Im taking some weight-loss pills，_ are quite popular hereAthat Bwhich Cthey Dwho5The passangers and the suitcases _ were still waiting had to be transferred to another planeAit Bwhat Cthat Dwhich6It was the largest map _ I had ever seenAwhich Bwhere CthatDwith which7Whi

3、ch was the hotel _ was recommended to you?AasBthat Cwho Dwhich8I will pardon him，_ is honestAthatBwhoever Cwho Dwhich9We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas（度過(guò)了在鄉(xiāng)下交流很困難的時(shí)期）Awhich Bwhose Cin whichDwith which10I saw someone running towards me in the dark stree

4、tBefore I could see who it was，-she had run back in the direction _ she had comeAin which Bby which Cof which Dfrom which11Mr Zhang had a lot of friends，none of _ could lend him any moneyAwhom Bthem CwhichDwho12The man，in _ company I have been working for ten years，is a good bossAwhich Bwhat Cwhose

5、Dwhom13Ive come to the point _ I cant stand（忍受的臨界點(diǎn)） her arguing any longer到某種地步，在某種境況中Awhy Bwhich Cwhere Dthat 14The man pulled out a gold watch，_ were set with small diamondsAthe hands of whom Bwhom the hands ofCwhich the hands of Dthe hands of which15Tom spent the summer holidays in college，during

6、 _ time he got a part-time joband read many literature books as wellAthat Bthis CwhoseDwhich16_ was announced in the newspaper，our country won 51 gold medals in the 29th Olympic GamesAIt BThat CAs DWhich17The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people tokeep It r

7、unning，_ meant spending tens of thousands of poundsAwho Bthat Cas Dwhich18Yon should treat him (in) the way _ suits him bestAthat Bin which C Dwhy19This is one of the books on this subject that _ been written in ChineseAhave Bhad Chas Dhaving20This is the only one of the books on this subject that _

8、 been written in ChineseAhave Bhad Chas Dhaving21_ is known to us all is that Chinese athletes achieved great success in the 2008 Olympic GamesAIt BWhat CAs DWhich22Is this hotel _ we were to stay in your letter?Awhere Bin which Cthe one DA and C23Where did you get to know her? It was in the school

9、_ we workedAthat Bthere Cwhich Dwhere【參考答案】15 AADBC 610 CBCCD 1115 ACCDD 1620 CDAAC 2123 BAD關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇選擇關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞要依據(jù)先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中所作的成分，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，選擇關(guān)系代詞(who，whom，that，which)；作定語(yǔ)時(shí)用whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。如試題1中指代先行詞house的關(guān)系詞作in的賓語(yǔ)，而不是狀語(yǔ)，所以答案為A。關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(where地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，when時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，why原因狀語(yǔ))。如試題2中的關(guān)系詞the days在從句

10、中作狀語(yǔ)，而不是賓語(yǔ)(從句中的賓語(yǔ)是our holidays)；試題3中的關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主狀語(yǔ)。比較：I live in Wuxi，which is famous for Taihu LakeI live in Wuxi，where Taihu Lake is protected by law例，which在從句中作主語(yǔ)；where在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。that與which的區(qū)別1限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞指物，而且關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)既可以用that也可以用which， 但是that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，如試題4。2先行詞是不定代詞all，few，little，much，anythi

11、ng，nothing等詞，關(guān)系代詞用that。3先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)以及all，any，every，few，the very，the only修飾時(shí)，用that作關(guān)系代詞。如試題6。4在which疑問(wèn)句中，關(guān)系代詞用that而不用which。如試題7。which與where的區(qū)別如果定語(yǔ)從句分別修飾point，situation，activitycondition和case等表示抽象意義的詞，而且關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”，此時(shí)用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。如試題13?！敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞及關(guān)系代詞的選擇關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)，介詞可前置，此時(shí)只能用w

12、homwhich而不能用that，who構(gòu)成“介詞+whichwhom”的結(jié)構(gòu)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的選擇，一要看先行詞；二要看與定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的搭配；三要看句意。如試題9，period后面的定語(yǔ)從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，要用when，而此題中沒(méi)有when，所以要選擇in which相當(dāng)于in the period。再如試題10，先行詞direction和定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)come之間要用介詞from。注意：1若為短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(即固定搭配)，那么介詞不能放在關(guān)系詞前面，如：look after，take care of， look for等。2關(guān)系副詞在意義上相當(dāng)于“介詞+which”。 I was in Bei

13、jing on the day when(=on which) he arrived The office where(=in which) he works is on the third floor This is the chief reason why(=for which) we did it“不定代詞、數(shù)詞或名詞+of whichwhom”引出非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。表示整體中的一部分。如：There are 40 students in our class，27 of whom are boys我們班有40名學(xué)生，其中27名是男生。例如試題11是“代詞+of whom”結(jié)構(gòu)，先行詞是人

14、，所以用whom。試題14，是“名詞+of、which”結(jié)構(gòu)。關(guān)系代詞whose的用法先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)用whose。Ive got a car，whose type is popular我擁有一輛小汽車，其車型現(xiàn)在非常受歡迎。又如試題12，其中whose company又作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)。此題關(guān)鍵弄清關(guān)系詞與后面的名詞的所屬關(guān)系，問(wèn)題就迎刃而解了。此外，whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“名詞+of which”型，如試題14從句部分可以改寫(xiě)為：whose hands were set with small diamonds。再如：They live in a house，whose door o

15、pens to the southThey lived in a house，of which the door opens to the southThey lived in a house，the door of which opens to the southas與which的區(qū)別as和which可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，都指主句所表達(dá)的所有內(nèi)容，而且在定語(yǔ)從句中都可以作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。但也有區(qū)別：1as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可置于句首，而which不可。如試題16。2as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，后面常接say，know，judge等動(dòng)詞，表示“正如”。如果先行詞是the way，而且關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)

16、從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，則定語(yǔ)從句通常由in which或that引導(dǎo)。也?？梢允÷砸龑?dǎo)詞。如：I dont like the way(thatin which) you treat her我不喜歡你對(duì)待她的方式。然而試題18中的先行詞the way，在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。故只能選A?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，從句的謂語(yǔ)要與先行詞保持一致?！皁ne of the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”在關(guān)系詞前，那么先行詞為“the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”；“the only one of the + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”在關(guān)系詞前，那么先行詞是the only one。如試題19的先行詞是books，所以從句謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)

17、數(shù)而試題20的先行詞是the only one。將定語(yǔ)從句與其他從句或非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等知識(shí)混合在一起考查試題的命題者常把定語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、同位語(yǔ)從句等易混淆的結(jié)構(gòu)放在一個(gè)具體的語(yǔ)境中，要求考生加以區(qū)別。如試題21，好像四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都對(duì)，但是，經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)分析可知，答案應(yīng)該是B，what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在從名中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。再如試題22，該題要求考生區(qū)分定語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句。將疑問(wèn)句還原為肯定句：This hotel is _ we were to stay從句中stay是不及物動(dòng)詞不帶定語(yǔ)，故排除C(省略作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系詞)。又因?yàn)樵谶€原后的句子中is后無(wú)名詞，所以排除B。試題23將定語(yǔ)

18、從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)合在同一題干里，答句省略與問(wèn)句相同的部分，補(bǔ)全是：It was in the school _ we worked that I got to know her根據(jù)先行詞the school在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，可確定用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。試題3：選D.It was the only cotton mill （that ）there was then.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或the very, the only, the last修飾時(shí)，要用that，這里省略了that，因?yàn)閠here be句型中關(guān)系代詞可以省略。試題24. Is this research centre _ you

19、 visit the modern equipments last year? A. where B. that C . the one that D. the one where答案D . 還原This research centre is the one where you 。缺少先行詞，選the one ,又因不缺主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)所以不選that 。 如果this 后有the 應(yīng)選where，因先行詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。試題5How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?Oh, thats easy. I surfed the Inter

20、net and then called one _ the telephonenumber is provided. A. which B. in whichC. of which D. whose答案：C后面定語(yǔ)從句the telephone number of which = whose telephone number.因?yàn)橛辛藅he ,所以就不用用whose了。 排除D而要表示“的”這個(gè)從屬關(guān)系，必須要介詞， 排除A.B 和 C 想必很容易看出 C才能表示 “的”最后 C只是簡(jiǎn)單顛倒了下the telephone number of which 的順序C因?yàn)榉催^(guò)來(lái)說(shuō)就是the telephone of the agent.D中 whose 了就不能再加the了試題：He talked a lot about things and personsthey remembered in the schoolB.that 定語(yǔ)從句中有以規(guī)定為：先行詞即有人又有物時(shí)須用thatThe way that he looks at problems is wrong。這里的that做什么成分？這里的that是關(guān)系副詞，在表明方式，時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的先行詞后，常用that 來(lái)代替 in which,when或where,that也可