unit_5__Canada__the_true_north_Language_points

1、1. Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada. 她們不想一路乘飛機(jī)，她們決定先飛她們不想一路乘飛機(jī)，她們決定先飛到溫哥華，再從西海岸乘火車橫穿加到溫哥華，再從西海岸乘火車橫穿加拿大到達(dá)東海岸。拿大到達(dá)東海岸。 rather than 表示客觀事實，意為表示客觀事實，意為“是是 而不是而不是 ；與其；與其不不如如”。它連接的并列成分可以是名詞、。它連接的并列成分可以是名詞、代詞、形容

2、詞、介詞代詞、形容詞、介詞(短語短語)、動名詞、分、動名詞、分句、不定式、動詞等。句、不定式、動詞等。 1) 連接兩個名詞或代詞連接兩個名詞或代詞 You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野營。是你而不是我要去要野營。 2) 連接兩個形容詞連接兩個形容詞 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 與其說她買的這件羊毛衫便宜不如說與其說她買的這件羊毛衫便宜不如說它漂亮。它漂亮。 3) 連接兩個介詞連接兩個介詞(短語短語)或動名詞或動名詞 We will have

3、the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我們是在教室里開會，不是在大廳里。我們是在教室里開會，不是在大廳里。 She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜歡唱歌，而不喜歡跳舞。她喜歡唱歌，而不喜歡跳舞。 4) 連接兩個分句連接兩個分句 We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我們應(yīng)該幫助他而不是他應(yīng)該幫助是我們應(yīng)該幫助他而不是他應(yīng)該幫助我們。我們。 5) 連接兩個不定式連接兩個不定式 I decided to wr

4、ite rather than (to) telephone. 我決定寫信而不打電話。我決定寫信而不打電話。 注意：注意：rather than 后接不定式時，不定式后接不定式時，不定式可以帶可以帶to，也可以不帶，也可以不帶to。但但rather than位于句首時，則只能接不帶位于句首時，則只能接不帶to 的不定式。的不定式。如如: Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜爛掉，把它們以半價賣掉了。他唯恐蔬菜爛掉，把它們以半價賣掉了。 4. Skiing in the Rock

5、y Mountains and sailing in the harbour make Vancouver one of Canadas most popular cities to live in. 落基山脈可落基山脈可以滑雪，海港供你揚(yáng)帆，這些使得以滑雪，海港供你揚(yáng)帆，這些使得溫哥華成為加拿大最受歡迎的居住溫哥華成為加拿大最受歡迎的居住城市之一。城市之一。分析分析 本句結(jié)構(gòu)是：本句結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語主語（Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour） + 謂語謂語（make） + 賓語賓語（Vancouver） + 賓語補(bǔ)足語賓

6、語補(bǔ)足語（one of Canadas most popular cities to live in）。）。 本句用動詞本句用動詞 -ing 形式短語（形式短語（Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour）作主語。在賓語補(bǔ)）作主語。在賓語補(bǔ)足語中，動詞不定式足語中，動詞不定式 to live in 作定作定語，修飾語，修飾 cities。 5. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. so . t

7、hat 和和such . that是常見的是常見的引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的句型，具體引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的句型，具體用法如下：用法如下：(1) so + adj. / adv. + that . (2) so + adj. + a(n) + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that .(3) so + many / few + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that .(4) so + much / little + 不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞 + that .(5) such + a(n) + adj. + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that .(6) such + adj. + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that

8、.(7) such + adj. + 不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞 + that .注意注意 當(dāng)名詞為不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，當(dāng)名詞為不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，不能用不能用so，而必須用，而必須用such。但當(dāng)名詞。但當(dāng)名詞之前有表示數(shù)量的詞語，如之前有表示數(shù)量的詞語，如many, much, few, little時，只能用時，只能用so，而不能，而不能用用such。仿寫仿寫 _(他嚇得幾乎睡不著覺。他嚇得幾乎睡不著覺。)He was so frightened that he could hardly fall asleep仿真模擬仿真模擬 從從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可四個選項中選出可以填入空

9、白處的最佳選項。以填入空白處的最佳選項。 It was _ that she couldnt finish it by herself. A. so difficult a workB. such a difficult work C. so difficult workD. such difficult work Mrs London has _ that she is unable to get a good job. A. such small educationB. so little education C. a such little educationD. a so small

10、education settle down He settled down in his chair to read the newspaper.6. That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats. 那天下午，這對表姐妹上了火車落了座。那天下午，這對表姐妹上了火車落了座。aboard=on board adv. & prep. 在在上；在上；在船上船上1) 坐下，躺下坐下，躺下 After years of traveling, he decided to settle down her

11、e.Then they settled themselves down _ work. A. to B. on C. with D. inA2) 過安定的生活過安定的生活3) 安下心來，專心致志于安下心來，專心致志于7. manage to do 閱讀下列句子，注意閱讀下列句子，注意 manage to do 的意思的意思和用法。和用法。1) Although he hasnt received any formal education, Mr Wang managed to finish his task.2) We should manage to realize our dream. 歸

12、納總結(jié)歸納總結(jié) manage to do sth. (= succeed in doing sth.) 是是“設(shè)法做、設(shè)法完成某事設(shè)法做、設(shè)法完成某事”的意思。的意思。辨析辨析 manage to do與與try to do 用用manage時，時，成功的把握大些；用成功的把握大些；用try時，成功的把時，成功的把握不大。即：握不大。即：manage to do sth.的意思的意思是是“設(shè)法成功地完成設(shè)法成功地完成”，而，而try to do sth.的意思是的意思是“盡力做盡力做（但結(jié)果（但結(jié)果不一定成功）不一定成功）”。如：如：He worked hard and managed to

13、pass the exam. 他努力學(xué)習(xí)并順利通過了考試。他努力學(xué)習(xí)并順利通過了考試。He tried to pass the exam, but failed because of laziness. 他試圖想通過考試，但是由于懶惰而他試圖想通過考試，但是由于懶惰而最終失敗了。最終失敗了。即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練 按要求完成下列各題。按要求完成下列各題。1. If our parents dont encourage us to do anything on our own we will never manage to be successful. 如果父母不鼓勵我們獨(dú)立做事，我如果父母不鼓勵我們

14、獨(dú)立做事，我們永遠(yuǎn)也不會獲得成功。們永遠(yuǎn)也不會獲得成功。 2. 我們設(shè)法得到了需要的東西。我們設(shè)法得到了需要的東西。3. Our parents always get a little bit anxious if we _ _ (沒有到家沒有到家) when we say we will.cant / dont manage toWe managed to get what we wanted. arrive home1) have a gift for 在在.方面有天分方面有天分/天賦天賦 gift 特指與生俱來的天份或才能，如繪特指與生俱來的天份或才能，如繪畫、音樂等。畫、音樂等。 He

15、r gift for dancing amazed the teacher. 老師對她舞蹈的天份大感驚奇。老師對她舞蹈的天份大感驚奇。8. Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes. 2) thousands of 成千上萬的成千上萬的 類似的用法還有類似的用法還有 ： hundreds of 數(shù)以百計的數(shù)以百計的 scores of 許多許多 millions of 上百萬的上百萬的 dozens of 許多，大量許多，大量 tens of thousa

16、nds of 數(shù)以萬計的數(shù)以萬計的 score 與與 many, several 連用修飾名詞復(fù)連用修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)時，都要用單數(shù)，其后的介詞數(shù)時，都要用單數(shù)，其后的介詞 of 有無有無均可。但是，習(xí)慣上均可。但是，習(xí)慣上 score 多與多與 of 連用，連用，而而 dozen 很少與很少與 of 連用，如：連用，如：two score (of) workers, three score and ten people, several dozen children, many dozen books。The teacher bought two _ books in the bookstore.

17、A. scores ofB. scoresC. score of C 9. most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the USA border 大多數(shù)加拿大人居住在靠近美國數(shù)百大多數(shù)加拿大人居住在靠近美國數(shù)百公里以內(nèi)的邊疆地帶公里以內(nèi)的邊疆地帶 考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) within 介詞，在介詞，在（尤指時（尤指時間、距離、范圍、限度等）之內(nèi)，以間、距離、范圍、限度等）之內(nèi)，以內(nèi)；在內(nèi)；在里頭。里頭。 1) within 與與 in 表達(dá)時間的區(qū)別表達(dá)時間的區(qū)別: within 指在時間范圍之內(nèi)，不超過；指在時間范圍之內(nèi)，不超過；而而

18、in 是經(jīng)過若干時間，指期限之外。是經(jīng)過若干時間，指期限之外。 Ill be there within an hour. （一小時之內(nèi)）（一小時之內(nèi)） Ill be there in an hour. （一小時之后）（一小時之后）Dont leave matches or cigarettes on the table within _ of little children. A. hand B. reach C. pace D. distance 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 本題考查固定短語。本題考查固定短語。within reach of sb. 或或within ones reach 意為意為“在某在某人

19、能夠得著的范圍之內(nèi)人能夠得著的范圍之內(nèi)”。B 2) border n. 邊界；國界邊界；國界 v. 與與接壤接壤the countries bordering the Baltic波羅的海沿岸國家波羅的海沿岸國家 10. They went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered thousands of square acres. 火車穿過一個種植小麥的省份，他們火車穿過一個種植小麥的省份，他們看見了面積有數(shù)千平方看見了面積有數(shù)千平方英畝英畝的農(nóng)場。的農(nóng)場。wheat-growing 是一個復(fù)合形容詞。是一個復(fù)合

20、形容詞。復(fù)合形容詞復(fù)合形容詞1) n. - ed baby-faced (娃娃臉的娃娃臉的) 2) adj. - ed good-mannered (有禮貌的有禮貌的) absent-minded (心不在焉的心不在焉的) old-fashioned (過時的過時的) short-sighted (近視的近視的) 3) 數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)字-Ned one-legged (獨(dú)腳的獨(dú)腳的) three-headed (三個頭的三個頭的) five-sided (五個邊的五個邊的) two-storied (兩層樓的兩層樓的) 例外例外: 數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)字-計量單位計量單位(-adj)， 注意復(fù)數(shù)時，單位名詞仍不加注

21、意復(fù)數(shù)時，單位名詞仍不加s。 three-year-old (三歲大的三歲大的) two-week (兩個禮拜的兩個禮拜的) one-way (單行的單行的) 4) n. v.-ing body-building (強(qiáng)身的強(qiáng)身的) peace-loving (愛好和平的愛好和平的) heart - warming (感人的感人的) law - abiding (守法的守法的) 5) adj. - v.-ing easy - going (悠哉的悠哉的) good - looking (美貌的美貌的) 6) adv.- v.-ing hard-working (工作努力的工作努力的) fast-

22、moving (移動快速的移動快速的)7) n. pp (過去分詞過去分詞) heart-broken (傷心的傷心的) hand-made (手工的手工的) 8) adj. - pp ready-made (現(xiàn)成的現(xiàn)成的)9) adv. - pp out-spoken (直言的直言的) well-known (著名的著名的) well-behaved (守規(guī)矩的守規(guī)矩的) 11. . Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world. 句中的句中的more . than any other .是用是用比較級表示最高

23、級含義。如果是在比較級表示最高級含義。如果是在同一范圍內(nèi)比較，常用同一范圍內(nèi)比較，常用“主語主語 + 謂謂語語 + 比較級比較級 + than any other + 單數(shù)單數(shù)名詞名詞”或者或者“主語主語 + 謂語謂語 + 比較級比較級 + than any of the other + 復(fù)數(shù)名復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞”。如果是在不同的范圍內(nèi)比較，常用如果是在不同的范圍內(nèi)比較，常用“主語主語 + 謂語謂語 + 比較級比較級 + than any + 單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞”。如：。如：He is taller than any other boy in our class. / He is taller than

24、 any of the other boys in our class. 他是我們班上最高的男孩。他是我們班上最高的男孩。China is larger than any country in Africa. 中國比非洲的任何一個國家都大。中國比非洲的任何一個國家都大。仿寫仿寫 _（在我們學(xué)校，他的舞跳得最好。）（在我們學(xué)校，他的舞跳得最好。）He dances better than any other one in our school. / He dances better than any of the others in our school.仿真模擬仿真模擬 從從A、B、C、D四個

25、選項中選出可以四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。填入空白處的最佳選項。 Lung cancer is the worst killer in America, taking _ lives each year than _ cancer. A. more; any B. most; any other C. many; other D. more; any other In a special report on deaths caused by cancer, the blacks are more diagnosed with it than _ in America. A. any

26、 of the other B. any races C. the other race D. any other race I. 根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，寫出所缺單詞的正確形式。漢語提示，寫出所缺單詞的正確形式。1. Passengers checked their b_ before boarding the plane. 2. My kids spend hours _ (閑聊閑聊) on the phone to their friends. 3. We began our _ (向東的向東的) journey at dawn.

27、 eastwardbaggagechatting4. The government was urged to take _ (措施措施) to fight the spread of AIDS. 5. They were the last two to go a_ the ship. 6. They were near the _ (邊界邊界) between France and Germany. bordermeasuresaboard7. The boss decided to pass over his _ (輕微的輕微的) mistakes. 8. In some developin

28、g countries more and more people are migrating to u_ areas. 9. The police s_ the house after a murder happened last night. 10. During the windstorm the ships stayed in the h_. harbourslighturbansurroundedII. 選用方框內(nèi)合適的詞或短語，并用選用方框內(nèi)合適的詞或短語，并用其適當(dāng)形式填空。其適當(dāng)形式填空。settle down; catch sight of; have a gift for;

29、slightly; border; rather than 1. _ go straight on to university why not get some work experience first?2. Jackson went to the road that _ the gardens on the left.3. Elena sure _ telling stories.has a gift forRather thanbordered4. Theyd like to see their daughter _, get married, and have kids.5. I _ her hurrying away but I didnt try to speak to her. 6. The milk should be _ heated before y