第八篇對別人的第一印象是怎樣形成的

1、第八篇 How We Form First Impression對別人的第一印象是怎樣形成的？1 We all have first impression of someone we just met. But why? Why do we form 對剛剛遇到的人我們都會留下第一印象 。 為什么？為什么我們會對一無 anopinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her - aside 所知的人形成自己的印象 除去perhaps from afew remarks or readily observab

2、le traits. 一些描述或顯而易見的特征。2 The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your 這與你的大腦如何感知世界是息息相關(guān)的。brain isso sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in how a 大腦對于面部特征十分敏感， 即使是每個(gè)人在眼睛、persons eyes, ears,nose, or mouth are placed in relation to eac

3、h other make you see 耳朵、鼻子或嘴巴的細(xì)小差異也會使大腦察覺到其不同之處。him or her as different. In fact,your brain continuously processes incoming sensory 實(shí)際上，大腦一直在不斷的對接收到的感官信息進(jìn)行處理-information - the sights and sounds of yourworld. These incoming signals are 包括影像和聲音。 大腦將這些“信號”compared against2 a host of memories stored in

4、the brainareas called the cortex 與儲存在腦皮層系統(tǒng)中的大量“記憶”相比較system to determine what these new signals mean.以確定這些新收到信號的“意思”。2 If you see someone you know and like at school3, your brain says familiar and 如果你在學(xué)?？吹侥硞€(gè)你認(rèn)識且喜歡的人， 你的大腦會做出“熟悉安全”的判斷。safe. Ifyou see someone new, it says, new - potentially threatenin

5、g. Then your brain 如果你看見一個(gè)陌生的人，你的大腦會告訴你“陌生，有潛在的威脅”緊接著你的大腦starts to matchfeatures of this stranger with other known memories. The height, 會開始將這個(gè)陌生人的特征與“已知”的記憶進(jìn)行比較。 包括身高，weight, dress, ethnicity,gestures, and tone of voice are all matched up. The more 體重，穿著，種族， 手勢， 以及音調(diào)等等。 unfamiliar the characteristi

6、cs, the moreyour brain may say, This is new. I dont like this 特征越不相符， 大腦越會告誡你“這是陌生人，我不喜歡這個(gè)人”person. Or else, Im intrigued. Or yourbrain may perceive a new face but familiar 或者 “我很好奇”。 大腦也可能觀察到一張新面孔，但卻有 熟悉 clothes, ethnicity, gestures - like your other friends;so your brain says: I like this 的穿著，種族特征

7、，手勢-像你的朋友， 你的大腦會告訴你“我喜歡這個(gè)人”person. But these preliminary impressions can be dead wrong4. 但是這些第一“印象”卻可能完全是錯誤的。3 When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike 當(dāng)我們區(qū)分人時(shí)， 我們使用一種欠成熟的思考方式 （與小孩子theimmature thinking of a very young child) that makes simplistic and categorical 不

8、成熟的想法一樣） 去對別人做出簡單并且絕對化的判斷。 impressions ofothers. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people - their 而不是對人的 深度 和 廣度-他們的history, interest, values,strengths, and true character - we categorize them as jocks, 歷史，興趣，價(jià)值，優(yōu)勢，或正真的性格有所了解，我們將他們區(qū)分為騙子，反常的geeks, or freaks. 人 或 怪人4 However, if we resi

9、st initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware 然而，如果我們對模式化的第一印象加以抑制， 我們就會有機(jī)會對一個(gè)人ofwhat a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, 有正真的了解。 如果我們花一些時(shí)間與一個(gè)人在一起，傾聽關(guān)于他的或她的生活，hopes,dreams, and become aware of the persons character, we usea differe

10、nt, more 希望，夢想， 了解了這個(gè)人的性格， 我們才會用不同的，更mature style ofthinking - and the most complex areas of our cortex, which allow us to be 成熟的方式去思考-即用我們腦皮層中最復(fù)雜的區(qū)域進(jìn)行思考，而這會使我們更富人情味humane.注釋：1. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in how apersons eyes, ears, nose, or mo

11、uth are placed in relation to each other make you see him or heras different.從even開始到as different是個(gè)結(jié)果狀語從句，相當(dāng)于that even very minor，而that是與主句中的so呼應(yīng)的。2against:和對比3If you see someone you know and like at school，如果你在學(xué)校看到某個(gè)你認(rèn)識而且喜歡的人like在這里是動詞。4dead wrong:相當(dāng)于completely wrongo dead wrong是口語表達(dá)用語。練習(xí):1.Paragraph2_2.Paragraph3-3.Paragraph4_4.Paragraph5_5. Sensory information is one that is perceived through _6. You interpret _ _ by comparing it against the