飽和蒸汽壓力與溫度的關(guān)系

1、當液體在有限的密閉空間中蒸發(fā)時，液體分子通過液面進入上面空間，成為蒸汽分子。由于蒸汽分子處于 紊亂的熱運動之中，它們相互碰撞，并和容器壁以及液面發(fā)生碰撞，在和液面碰撞時，有的分子則被液體 分子所吸引，而重新返回液體中成為液體分子。開始蒸發(fā)時，進入空間的分子數(shù)目多于返回液體中分子的 數(shù)目，隨著蒸發(fā)的繼續(xù)進行，空間蒸汽分子的密度不斷增大，因而返回液體中的分子數(shù)目也增多。當單位 時間內(nèi)進入空間的分子數(shù)目與返回液體中的分子數(shù)目相等時，則蒸發(fā)與凝結(jié)處于動平衡狀態(tài)，這時雖然蒸 發(fā)和凝結(jié)仍在進行，但空間中蒸汽分子的密度不再增大，此時的狀態(tài)稱為飽和狀態(tài)。在飽和狀態(tài)下的液體 稱為飽和液體，其蒸汽稱為干飽和蒸汽

2、（也稱飽和蒸汽）。飽和蒸汽與過熱蒸汽的區(qū)別：飽和蒸汽壓力與溫度有一一對應(yīng)關(guān)系，如已知飽和蒸汽壓力為0.5MPa,則溫度為158C,反之，已知飽和蒸汽溫度為180C,則壓力必為0.9MPa,所以從壓力與溫度數(shù)據(jù)可以判斷是否為飽和蒸汽、過熱蒸汽。飽和蒸汽溫度1mpa以下160170度左右1mpa以上170195度左右過熱蒸汽在2mpa以上就400度左右.飽和蒸汽溫度壓力對照表溫度（C）絕對壓力（bar）CbarCbar1001.0131343.0411687.5451011.0501353.1311697.7311021.0881363.2231707.9201031.1271373.317171

3、8.1141041.1671383.4141728.3111051.2081393.5131738.5111061.2501403.6141748.7161071.2941413.7171758.9241081.3391423.8231769.1371091.3851433.9311779.3531101.4331444.0421789.5741111.4821454.1551799.7981121.5321464.27118010.0271131.5831474.39818110.2591141.6361484.51018210.4961151.6911494.63418310.738116

4、1.7471504.76018410.9831171.8041514.88918511.2331181.8631525.02118611.4881191.9231535.15518711.7471201.9851545.29218812.0101212.0491555.43318912.2781222.1151565.57719012.5511232.1821575.73219112.8291242.251585.87219213.1111252.3211596.02519313.3981262.3931606.18119413.6901272.4681616.33919513.9871282

5、.5441626.50219614.2981292.6221636.66719714.5961302.7011646.83619814.9091312.7831657.00819915.2261322.8671667.18320015.5491332.9531677.362壓力溫度壓力溫度壓力溫度壓力溫度MPaCMPaCMPaCMPaC0.00099.50.180131.00.00099.5-0.07265.00.005101.00.185131.5-0.00299.0-0.07464.00.010102.00.190132.0-0.00498.5-0.07663.00.015103.50.1

6、95132.5-0.00697.5-0.07862.00.020104.50.200133.5-0.00897.0-0.0860.00.025105.50.210134.5-0.01096.5-0.08159.00.030107.00.220135.5-0.01296.0-0.08257.50.035108.00.230136.5-0.01495.0-0.08356.00.040109.00.240137.5-0.01694.5-0.08455.00.045110.00.250139.0-0.01894.0-0.08553.50.050111.00.260139.5-0.02093.0-0.0

7、8652.00.055112.00.270140.5-0.02292.5-0.08750.00.060113.00.280141.5-0.02492.0-0.08848.50.065114.00.290142.5-0.02691.0-0.08947.00.070115.00.300143.5-0.02890.5-0.09045.50.075115.50.310144.5-0.03090.0-0.09143.50.080116.50.320145.0-0.03289.0-0.09241.50.085118.00.330146.0-0.03488.5-0.09339.00.090119.00.34

8、0147.0-0.03688.0-0.09435.50.095119.50.350147.5-0.03887.0-0.09532.50.100120.00.360148.5-0.04085.5-0.09628.50.105121.00.370149.5-0.04284.5-0.09723.50.110121.50.380150.0-0.04484.0-0.09817.00.115122.50.390151.0-0.04683.0-0.0996.50.120123.00.400151.5-0.04882.00.125123.50.420153.0-0.05081.00.130124.50.440

9、154.5-0.05280.00.135125.00.460156.0-0.05478.50.140126.00.480157.5-0.05677.50.145126.50.500158.5-0.05876.0摘自：化工工藝設(shè)計手冊0.150127.00.520160.0-0.06075.0下冊，1986 年第一版0.155128.00.540161.0-0.06273.50.160128.50.560162.5-0.06471.50.165129.00.580163.5-0.06670.00.170129.50.600164.5-0.06868.00.175130.5-0.07066.5壓力

10、換算壓力 1 巴（bar） =105 帕（Pa） 1 達因/» 2 （dyn/cm2） =0.1 帕（Pa）1 托（Torr） =133.322 帕（Pa） 1 毫林柱（mmHg ） =133.322 帕（Pa）1毫米水柱（mmH2O） =9.80665帕（Pa） 1工程大氣壓=98.0665千帕（kPa）1 千帕（kPa） =0.145 磅力/英寸 2 （psi） =0.0102 千克力 /厘米 2 （kgf/cm2 ） =0.0098 大氣壓（atm）1 磅力/英寸 2 （psi） =6.895 千帕（kPa） =0.0703 千克力 /厘米 2 （kg/cm2） =0.0689

11、 巴（bar） =0.068 大氣壓（atm）1 物理大氣壓（atm） =101.325 千帕（kPa） =14.696 磅/英寸 2 （psi） =1.0333 巴（bar）飽和蒸汽壓力、溫度對照表壓力溫度壓力溫度壓力溫度壓力溫度MPaCMPaCMPaCMPaC0.00099.50.180131.00.00099.5-0.07265.00.005101.00.185131.5-0.00299.0-0.07464.00.010102.00.190132.0-0.00498.5-0.07663.00.015103.50.195132.5-0.00697.5-0.07862.00.020104.5

12、0.200133.5-0.00897.0-0.0860.00.025105.50.210134.5-0.01096.5-0.08159.00.030107.00.220135.5-0.01296.0-0.08257.50.035108.00.230136.5-0.01495.0-0.08356.00.040109.00.240137.5-0.01694.5-0.08455.00.045110.00.250139.0-0.01894.0-0.08553.50.050111.00.260139.5-0.02093.0-0.08652.00.055112.00.270140.5-0.02292.5-

13、0.08750.00.060113.00.280141.5-0.02492.0-0.08848.50.065114.00.290142.5-0.02691.0-0.089400.070115.00.300143.5-0.02890.5-0.09045.50.075115.50.310144.5-0.03090.0-0.09143.50.080116.50.320145.0-0.03289.0-0.09241.50.085118.00.330146.0-0.03488.5-0.09339.00.090119.00.340147.0-0.03688.0-0.09435.50.095119.50.3

14、50147.5-0.03887.0-0.09532.50.100120.00.360148.5-0.04085.5-0.09628.50.105121.00.370149.5-0.04284.5-0.097H0.110121.50.380150.0-0.04484.0-0.09817.00.115122.50.390151.0-0.04683.0-0.0996.50.120123.00.400151.5-0.04882.0摘自：化工工藝設(shè)計手冊下冊，1986年第一版0.125123.50.420153.0-0.05081.00.130124.50.440154.5-0.05280.00.135

15、125.00.460156.0-0.05478.50.140126.00.480157.5-0.05677.50.145126.50.500158.5-0.05876.00.150127.00.520160.0-0.06075.00.155128.00.540161.0-0.06273.50.160128.50.560162.5-0.06471.50.165129.00.580163.5-0.06670.00.170129.50.600164.5-0.06868.00.175130.5-0.07066.5飽和蒸汽溫度1mpa以下160170度左右1mpa以上170195度左右過熱蒸汽在2mpa

16、以上就400度左右.飽和蒸汽壓力與溫度對照表飽和荽（汽壓力溫度飽和荽（汽壓力溫度MPaKg/cm2CMPaKg/cm2C0.00980.145.452.74428228.980.04600.580.862.94030232.760.09801.099.093.43035241.410.14701.5110.793.92040249.180.19602.0119.624.41045256.210.24502.5126.754.90050262.700.29403.0132.885.39055268.690.34303.5138.195.88060274.300.39204.0142.926.37065279.530.44104.5147.206.86070284.470.49005.0151.117.35075289.160.58806.0158.087.84080293.160.68607.0164.178.33085297.850.78408.0169.618.82090301.910.88209.0174.539.31095305.800.980010