中醫(yī)英語詞匯

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上中醫(yī)常用詞匯Terms Commonly Used in TCM中國醫(yī)藥學Traditional Chinese Medicine治未病prevention of disease中醫(yī)基礎理論Basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine臟腑zang-organs and fu-organs, viscera臨床經驗clinical experience功能活動functional activities辨證論治treatment based on syndrome differentiation形神統一unity of the

2、body and spirit本草materia medica, herbs陰陽失調imbalance of yin and yang中藥Chinese materia medica, Chinese medicinal herbs條達舒暢free development四氣五味four properties and five tastes延年益壽prolonging life, promising longevity針灸acupuncture and moxibustion, acumox養(yǎng)生防病cultivating health to prevent disease各家學說theorie

3、s of different schools正氣healthy qi, vital qi汗法diaphoresis, sweating therapy病邪pathogenic factor下法purgative therapy, purgation整體觀念concept of holism吐法emetic therapy, vomiting therapy疾病的本質與現象nature and manifestations of disease補土派school of invigorating the earth陰陽的相對平衡relative balance between yin and ya

4、ng病因學說etiology疾病的發(fā)生與發(fā)展occurrence and development of disease養(yǎng)生health-cultivation, 同病異治treating the same disease with different therapies醫(yī)療實踐medical practice異病同治treating different diseases with the same therapy治療原則therapeutic principles五臟five zang-organs, five zang-viscera寒涼藥物herbs of cold and cool na

5、ture, cold-natured herbs六腑six fu-organs, six fu-viscera滋陰降火nourishing yin to lower/reduce fire經絡系統system of meridians and collaterals滋水涵木enriching water to nourish wood余熱未盡incomplete abatement of heat瘀血致瀉disease caused by blood stasis有機整體organic wholeness/integrity先天之精congenital essence表里關系exterior

6、and interior relation形與神俱inseparability of the body and spirit開竅opening into開胃promoting appetite自然現象natural phenomena脈象pulse conditions, pulse pattern哲學概念philosophical concept邪正關系states of pathogenic factors and healthy qi對立統一unity of opposites發(fā)熱惡寒fever and aversion to cold相互消長mutual waning and waxi

7、ng頭身疼痛headache and body pain相互轉化mutual transformation久痢脫肛proctoptosis due to prolonged dysentery陰陽屬性nature of yin and yang養(yǎng)陰清熱nourishing yin and clearing away heat相互聯系interrelation清肺熱clear away lung-heat相互制約mutual restraint, mutual restriction/interaction濕邪犯肺pathogenic dampness invading the lung動態(tài)平衡

8、dynamic equilibrium清熱瀉火clearing away heat and reducing fire陰平陽秘yin and yang in equilibrium腠理muscular interstices, striae, interstitial space陰陽的互根互用interdependence of yin and yang水濕停滯retention of water and dampness, water retention相互依存interdependence癃閉retention of urine陰陽離絕separation of yin and yang氣

9、血運行circulation/flow of qi and blood相反相成opposite and supplementary to each陰陽轉化transformation between yin and yang生理功能physiological functions陽消陰長yang waning and yin waxing病理變化pathological changes陰勝則陽病predominance of yin leading to disorder of yang臨床診斷clinical diagnosis陰勝則陽病an excess of yin leads to de

10、ficiency of yang陽勝生外熱exuberance of yang leading to exterior heat陽勝則熱predominance of yang generating heat陽中求陰obtaining yang from yin寒極生熱extreme cold generating heat絕對偏盛absolute predominance熱極生寒extreme heat generating cold陽虛則寒yang deficiency leading to cold陽損及陰impairment of yang involving yin陰陽俱損simul

11、taneous consumption of yin and yang陰液不足insufficiency of yin-fluid陰陽兩虛simultaneous deficiency of both yin and yang病機總綱general principle of pathogenesis陽虛發(fā)熱fever due to yang deficiency病機pathomechanism, pathological mechanism陰陽自和natural harmony between yin and yang陰陽勝復alternative predominance of yin an

12、d yang木乘土the wood over-restrains the earth虛寒證deficiency-cold syndrome木火刑金wood-fire impairs the metal扶陽退陰strengthening yang to reduce yin金水相生generation between the metal and water祛風散寒expelling/eliminating wind to dispersing cold生克制化interrelationship between generation and restriction消導積滯promoting dig

13、estion and removing food retention制則生化restriction ensuring generation潛陽熄風suppressing yang to quench wind母病及子disease of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ五行學說theory of five elements傳變transmission of disease, progress of disease運動變化motion and variation子病犯母disease of the child-organ affecting t

14、he mother-organ正邪相爭struggle/combat between healthy qi and pathogenic factors肝腎精血不足insufficiency of liver and kidney essence and blood相生相克mutual generation and restriction肝陽上亢hyperactivity of liver yang生我，我生to be generated and to generate心肝血虛asthenia / deficiency of heart and liver blood克我，我克to be re

15、stricted and to restrict心肝火旺exuberance of heart and liver fire生中有制restriction within generation心火亢盛hyperactivity/exuberance of heart fire克中有生generation within restriction滋腎養(yǎng)肝nourishing the kidney and liver木曰曲直wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally方位配五行correspondence of the directio

16、ns to the five elements火曰炎上fire is characterized by flaming up溫腎健脾warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen土爰稼穡earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping腎陽式微declination of kidney yang金曰從革metal is characterized by change脾陽不振inactivation of spleen yang病緩起gradual onset of disease脾胃虛弱hypofu

17、nction/weakness of the spleen and stomach肝陰不足insufficiency of liver yin地道不通menopause相乘相侮over-restriction and reverse restriction平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach水濕停聚retention of water-dampness水火不濟discordance between water and fire腎陰不足insufficiency of kidney yin藏象學說theory of visceral

18、 manifestations心腎不交disharmony between the heart and kidney奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs宣通水道dredging water passage水谷精微cereal nutrients, essence of water and food通調水道dredging and regulating water passage傳化水谷transmission and transformation of food行氣利水activating qi to excrete water貯藏精氣storage of essence水液

19、停滯retention of fluid治療效果curative / therapeutic effect后天之本postnatal / acquired base of life藏而不瀉storage without excretion調暢氣機regulating qi activity瀉而不藏excretion without storage肝氣上逆upward flow of liver qi表熱里寒exterior heat and interior cold水曰潤下water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing肝旺脾

20、虛hyperfunction of the liver and weakness of the spleen脾主運化the spleen governing transportation and transformation大肉陷下obvious emaciation and muscular atrophy, extreme emaciation肝氣郁結stagnation of liver qi面色紅潤ruddy complexion, rosy cheeks膽虛證gallbladder deficiency syndrome膽虛不得眠insomnia due to gallbladder

21、 asthenia腐熟水谷digesting food導便法laxation食欲不振poor appetite跌打損傷traumatic injury脘腹脹悶epigastric distension and depression動靜結合integration of motion and quietness/stillness噯氣酸腐eructation with fetid odor定喘relieving asthma泌別清濁separating the clear from the turbid心主血脈the heart controlling blood and vessels食物殘渣r

22、esidue of food心氣充沛abundance of heart qi大腸主傳導the large intestine governing transmission and transportation防御外邪入侵preventing the invasion of exogenous pathogenic factor癃閉dysuria, retention of urine, anuria and dysuria 血液充盈plenty of blood面黃肌瘦emaciation with sallow complexion脈道不利unsmoothness of vessels止珠

23、偏斜strabismus, squint, ocular deviation面色無華lusterless complexion調節(jié)水液regulation of water脈象細弱thin and weak pulse排泄糟粕excretion of waste material面色萎黃sallow complexion髓海不足insufficiency of marrow-sea汗血同源sweat and blood sharing the same origin精神委靡dispiritedness, listlessness, lower spirit升降出入ascending, desc

24、ending, coming in and going out月經不調irregular menstruation氣為血帥qi serves as the commander of the blood沖任不固weakness of thoroughfare and conception vessels氣血凝滯stagnation of qi and blood經期延長prolonged menstruation血瘀blood stasis小腸實熱sthenia-heat in the small intestine氣滯腰痛lumbago due to qi stagnation氣機調暢smoo

25、th activity of qi氣虛滑胎habitual abortion due to qi asthenia氣化不利dysfunction of qi in transformation畏寒喜熱aversion to cold and preference for heat氣分熱盛excessive heat at qi phase氣郁化熱stagnation of qi transforming into heat溫養(yǎng)臟腑warming and nourishing the viscera瘀血阻絡blood stasis obstructing the collaterals清肺潤燥c

26、learing the lung and moistening dryness破瘀通經breaking blood stasis to promote menstruation內傷頭疼headache due to internal injury祛瘀eliminating stasis, expelling stasis逆?zhèn)餍陌黵everse transmission into the pericardium氣不攝血failure of qi to check the blood寧心安神calming the heart and tranquilizing the mind血液循行circul

27、ation of the blood驚悸不安palpitation due to fright氣的運動形式the moving styles of qi血液生成不足insufficient production of the blood平肝止血soothing the liver to stop bleeding血液虧虛deficiency of the blood離經之血abnormal flow of the blood津液的形狀、功能與分布form, function, and distribution of the body fluid氣血生化之源source for the prod

28、uction and transformation of qi and blood脈細無力thin and weak pulse肌膚干燥dry skin肌膚甲錯squamous and dry skin血脈調和流暢smooth and normal flow of the blood臟腑火熱熾盛exuberant fire and heat in the viscera機體正常水液normal fluid inside the body熱迫血分heat invading the blood phase氣滯津停retention of fluid due to stagnation of qi寒

29、凝氣滯stagnation of cold and qi身倦乏力lassitude氣滯血瘀qi stagnation and blood stasis傷津脫液consumption and loss of the body fluid津液的營養(yǎng)和滋潤作用the nourishing and moistening functions of the body fluid津液的生成、輸布和排泄production, distribution, and excretion of the body fluid腹痛拒按unpalpable abdominal pain脾的“散精”功能the functio

30、n of the spleen to “dissipate essence”津液不足insufficiency of the body fluid水液停聚retention of water奇經八脈eight extraordinary vessels, eight extraordinary meridians胃的“游溢精氣”the function of the stomach to “distribute essence”津液生化匱乏scanty production of the body fluid津液的代謝平衡the metabolic balance of the body fl

31、uid熱盛耗傷津液consumption of the body fluid due to excessive heat風為百病之長wind is the leading factor in causing various diseases水液代謝障礙disturbance of water metabolism氣隨津脫exhaustion of qi due to loss of body fluid水濕困脾dampness encumbering the spleen濡養(yǎng)肌膚moistening and nourishing the skin濕邪內盛exuberance of interi

32、or dampness經脈之海sea of meridians脾虛水腫edema due to spleen deficiency滋養(yǎng)臟腑moistening and nourishing the viscera運行全身氣血transporting qi and blood in the whole body十二經別twelve branches of meridians聯絡臟腑肢節(jié)connecting with viscera, limbs and joints經別divergent meridians循行路線running route經氣meridian qi十二正經twelve regu

33、lar meridians十二皮部twelve skin areas, twelve skin regions/divisions經隧阻滯blockage of meridians十二經筋twelve meridian tendons經穴meridian acupoints, Jing-River acupoint飲食勞倦improper diet and overstrain經絡辨證syndrome differentiation according to meridians風寒感冒common cold due to wind-cold經絡感傳meridian conduction, ch

34、annel transmission濕熱泄瀉diarrhea due to damp-heat經絡現象meridian phenomena內生五邪five endogenous pathogenic factors經絡阻滯blockage of meridians風邪外襲pathogenic wind attacking the superficies舒筋活絡relaxing tendons and activating collaterals游走性關節(jié)疼痛migratory arthralgias刺血療法blood-pricking therapy陽氣衰退decline of yang-qi

35、外感六淫attacked by six climate pathogenic factors六淫six climatic evils感受寒邪attacked by pathogenic cold經閉發(fā)腫amenorrhea with edema虛實夾雜deficiency complicated with excess, asthenia complicated with sthenia邪正盛衰predominance or decline of pathogenic factors and healthy qi寒性凝滯cold tending to stagnate by nature病癥的

36、虛實變化asthenia and sthenia changes of disease腠理閉塞blockage of muscular interstices機體的抗病能力body resistance經脈拘急收引contraction of tendons五心煩熱feverish sensation over the five centers濕邪困脾pathogenic dampness encumbering the spleen五心five centers (palms, soles and chest)疾病的發(fā)生、發(fā)展與變化occurrence, development and cha

37、nges of disease生津安神promoting the production of body fluid and tranquilizing the mind體質強弱conditions of constitution蓄血發(fā)黃jaundice due to blood accumulation氣血功能紊亂dysfunction of qi and blood脾陽不振inactivation of spleen yang陰陽偏盛大relative predominance of yin and yang陰虛生內熱yin deficiency generating interior he

38、at五志過極extreme changes of emotions熱極生風extreme heat producing wind精氣奪則虛depletion of essence causing deficiency七情內傷internal injury due to emotional disorder陰陽互損mutual consumption of yin and yang飲食不節(jié)improper diet真熱假寒true heat and false cold暴飲暴食craputence氣機郁滯不暢stagnation of qi activity神昏譫語coma and deliri

39、um津液代謝失常disorder of fluid metabolism四診合參combined use of the four diagnostic methods寒熱往來alternate attacks of chill and fever精神活動mental activities津傷化燥consumption of fluid transforming into dryness面部表情facial expressions風火脅痛hypochondriac pain due to wind-fire精充氣足sufficient essence and abundant qi口眼歪斜wry

40、 mouth with distorted eyes, facial distortion預后良好favorable prognosis濕濁內生endogenous turbid dampness表情淡漠apathetic facial expressions虛火上炎flaming of asthenia-fire精神不振dispiritedness邪氣內陷internal invasion of pathogenic factors神志不清unconsciousness大腸熱結retention of heat in the large intestine輕宣潤燥dispersing lun

41、g qi and moistening dryness心脈瘀阻blood stasis in the heart vessels四肢抽搐convulsion of the limbs鏡面舌mirror-like tongue臟腑辨證syndrome differentiation of viscera饑不欲食hunger without desire for food病位與病性location and nature of disease脈有胃氣pulse with stomach qi表里同病disease involving both the exterior and interior清里泄

42、熱clearing away heat in the interior風熱眩暈vertigo due to wind-heat寒證化熱cold syndrome transforming into heat syndrome寒熱錯雜simultaneous occurrence of cold and heat舌淡苔白而潤滑light-colored tongue with white and slippery coating表邪入里invasion of the exterior pathogenic factors into the interior祛風解痙expelling wind t

43、o relieve convulsion外感胃脘痛stomachache due to exogenous pathogenic factors惡寒與惡熱aversion to cold and aversion to heat潮熱盜汗tidal fever and night sweating口干唇裂dry mouth with cracked lips高熱譫妄high fever with delirium脈數無力rapid and weak pulse和血止痛regulating blood to alleviate pain寒邪郁而化熱stagnation of pathogenic

44、cold changing into heat寒因寒用treating pseudo-cold syndrome with herbs of cold nature未病先防preventing measures taken before the occurrence of disease熱因熱用treating pseudo-heat syndrome with herbs of heat nature補氣健脾invigorating qi and strengthening the spleen塞因塞用treating obstructive syndrome with tonifying

45、therapy補血養(yǎng)心enriching blood to nourish the heart發(fā)汗解表relieving exterior syndrome by diaphoresis水氣凌心water attacking the heart風熱乳蛾tonsillitis due to wind-heat心悸多夢palpitation and dreaminess痰飲咳嗽cough due to fluid retention血為氣母the blood serving as the mother of qi實熱蘊結accumulation of sthenia-heat調攝精神regulat

46、ing mental states舒肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach血脈流暢smooth circulation of blood清熱瀉火clearing away heat and reducing fire關節(jié)通利smooth movement of joints疏風泄熱dispelling wind and reducing heat氣機調暢free activity of qi行氣消瘀activating qi to resolve stagnation益壽延年promoting longevity養(yǎng)血潤腸nourish

47、ing the blood and moistening the intestine治病求本treatment of disease must concentrate on the principle cause of disease因時、因地、因人制宜applying proper therapeutic measure in line with season, local conditions and individuality急則治其標relieving the secondary symptoms first in treating acute disease緩則治其本relievin

48、g the primary symptoms in treating chronic disease通腑泄熱purging fu-organs to eliminate heat燥濕化痰drying dampness and resolving phlegm標本兼治treatment focusing on relieving both the secondary and primary symptoms正虛邪實asthenia of healthy qi and sthenia of pathogenic factors痰濕壅肺accumulation of phlegm-dampness

49、in the lung血枯經閉amenorrhea due to blood exhaustion祛蟲消積removing parasites to eliminate accumulation中醫(yī)常用詞匯03中藥針灸等  中草藥Chinese medicinal herbs炮制processing四氣五味four properties and five tastes清除雜質eliminating impurity入藥部分the part used for medical purpose作用和緩mild effect藥物采集collection of herbs發(fā)散解表relievi

50、ng exterior syndrome by dispersion收斂astringency方劑學science of prescriptions 軟堅散結softening hardness to dissipate stagnation配伍關系compatibility 燥濕健脾drying dampness and strengthening the spleen組成規(guī)律prescription-formulating principle升降沉浮ascending, descending, sinking and floating方劑的加減modification of prescri

51、ptions歸經meridian tropism劑型和劑量drug form and dosage用藥禁忌contraindication in using herbs君臣佐使monarch, minister, assistant and guide藥物用量dosage藥物毒性toxicity of medicinal herbs辛溫解表藥relieving exterior syndrome with herbs pungent in taste and warm in nature十八反與十九畏eighteen incompatible herbs and nineteen herbs

52、of mutual antagonism袪風濕藥herbs for expelling wind and dampness調和諸藥moderating the property of herbs胸痛徹背thoracic pain involving the back溫經散寒warming meridians to dissipate cold清熱涼血藥herbs for clearing away heat and cooling blood宣肺平喘disperse lung qi to stop asthma引經報使guiding action靈活化裁flexible modification針灸療法acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, acumox清散郁熱clearing away and dispersing stagnant heat針刺補瀉reinf