賓語從句講解

1、賓語從句一、基本講解1, 概念:在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句，賓語從句可作謂語動詞的賓語，也可做介詞的賓語。eg. He said he was good at draw in g.動詞 賓語)He asks him how long Mike has been down(.動詞賓語) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said(介詞賓語)2, 連接詞(1) 陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，引導(dǎo)詞用that，口語中常常省略。eg. She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2) 以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

2、，主要用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序eg. I won der if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei.注意：一般情況下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情況例外。a. 當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓語時只用whether不用ifeg. We are talk ing about whether well go on the pinic.b. 引導(dǎo)詞與動詞不定式或not連用時，只用 whether.eg. Please let me know what to do n ext. Could you tell me whet

3、her to go or not?c. if當(dāng)”如果”講時，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，這時不能用 whether.(3) .特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問詞；引導(dǎo)詞 后 要用陳述句語序。E.g. Could you tell me what's the matterwrong with you?特殊情況：息 齊洋另hink后接特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句時，句弓I導(dǎo)詞+do you think+陳述句語序。3, 賓語從句時態(tài)a, 當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，一般將來時或祈使句時，從句不受主句 的限 制,根據(jù)自身的需要選用相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。例如：Do you know (if/whether h

4、e has see n the film) ?b, 當(dāng)主句是一般過去時，從句要用過去時的相應(yīng)時態(tài)。例如：I didn't know (whether he had seen the film.)注意：當(dāng)主句是一般過去時，而從句表示的是客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象 科學(xué)原理，格言等，從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如:He said (that the earthmoves round the sun.)The teachertold us (that light travels much faster tha n soun d.)4. 人稱的變化和標(biāo)點的使用a, 從句的主語如果是第一人稱，變?yōu)橘e語從句

5、則與主句的主語一致；如果是第二人稱，則與主句的賓語一致；如果是第三人稱，不用變 化。如：(一主二賓三不變)%1 "May I use your kn ife? "He asked me.He asked me if he might use my knife.%1 "Do you know her teleph one nu mber? "He asked me.He asked me if I know her teleph one nu mber.b. 賓語從句的標(biāo)點均由主句決定。主句是陳述句，用句號；主句是 疑I可句，用問號。如：Who will

6、give us a talk? I don't know. I don't know who will give us a talk.Do you know ? Where does he live? >Do you know where he lives?、賓語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化1. 當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是 hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等, 且主句 主語與從句主語相同時，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths.She agreed to help me

7、 with my maths.2. 當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是 know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面 帶 特弁疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化的賓語時，主從句的主語也須一致這時從句可以簡化成“疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”。例如：I don't know which sweater I should buy.Ti don't know which sweater to buy.3.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是 ask, tell, show, teach等后面帶雙賓語時，從句的主語和間接賓語一致，且從句是由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化來時，從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”，或者在連接代詞 /副

8、詞引導(dǎo) 的 賓語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一 ？致時，賓語 從句 可簡化為“連接代詞/副詞+ 不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。女口：一 Could youtellme how to get to the park?4.當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是find, see, watch, hear等感官動詞時，從句 常簡 化為“賓語+賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。 如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.She found the wallet lie/ly ing on the ground.時態(tài)語序引導(dǎo) 從句不需受限制賓語

9、從句小口訣：賓語從句三注主句一般現(xiàn)在時,主句一般過去時,從句須用相應(yīng)時陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化that引，一般疑問句用if/whether.特殊問句疑問詞，弓I導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。初中賓語從句專項習(xí)題 鞏固練習(xí))1. Have you decided for Australia? A. when will you leave C. you will leave whe n )2. Can you tell me? A. where does Tom live C. Tom lives where )3. The old man asked me. A. where was the cinema C. where

10、the cin ema was )4.1 thi nkyou will like him.A. thatB. ifC. why)5.1 did n't know he will come or not.A. thatB. whetherC. weatherB.D.B.D.whe n do you leave whe n you will leavewhere Tom lived where Tom livesB. where is the cin emaD. where was the way to the cin emaD. howD. how)6.1 wo nder.A. how

11、much cost these shoesC. how much these shoes cost )7. She asked me.A. who he was B. who was he )8. Ask him.A. whose cup this isC. this is whose cup )9.1 don't know.A. what time the moviestartsB. how much do these shoes costD. how much are these shoes costC. who is he D. who he isB. whose cup is

12、this whose is this cupwhat time startsthe moviethe time to startthe movie what time)10thThm dOtor asked me how long.startsA. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill)11. The weather forecast does n't say.A. if it rains tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrow)12. Do you know?

13、A. whose pen is thisC. whom does the pen belo ng to )13. Could you tell me whereA. the tape was B. was the tape C. know?B. if does it rain tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrowB. whose pen this iswhom the pen bel ongto ?the tape is D. is the tape )14. They want toA. where is the hospitalB. how old are

14、 youC. when the train will leaveD. why is the boy crying)15. Tony wan ted to know.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stockingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking)16. No one knowsthe prof

15、essor will come to our school tomorrow to giveus a talk or not.A. whe n B. whether )17. July did n't know.A. where is Tim's father who the old man is )18. No one told usA. how should we doC. what to doC. where D. ifB. when was the first watch made what was wrong with her,so wentefi your help

16、.B. what we shoulddoD. what should we do )19. We don't know with the rubbish and it pollutes out la nd andsea.A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do)20. He asked me.A. whether I find out the sender of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender

17、of the money found outD. whether I found out the sender of the money)21. Did you hear?A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said whatD. what Isay)22. Can you tell me?A. which class you are inB. which class are you inC. you are in which classD. are you in which class)23.-? Excuse me. Could you tell m

18、e? - Certainly.toA. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station C. which station can I getyou goD. how I can get to the station)24. Could you tell me where A. did yesterday?B. you go )25. Tom asked me. C. you have gone D. youA. whose shirt was this C. who shirt was wBe.nwt hose shirt

19、 this wasthis )26.99Excuse me, could you tell me A. where D. who shirt this was ?s the teachersD. where the post office isdon't know. A.office C. whafs she doingB. where9s the bus station )27.1 want to see Mrs. Wang , but I she lives whereC. where she livesD. where does she live)28. - Go and ask

20、 Mr. White for help. - But I don't know _. A. where does he live B. where he livesC. where is he livingD. he lives there)29. - Can you tell me? - Yes, he lives in a small town.A. where he lives B. who is singingC. when he will leaveD. what he said)30. Have you decided for London?A. when will you

21、 leaveB. when you will leaveC. when are you going D. when you are going )31. Excuse me. Could you tell me our tickets?A. where do we showB. where shall we showC. where did we showD. where we shall show)32. - What are you interested in about cooking food? - We are all interested in. A. how egg is fri

22、edB. how is egg friedC. How egg fries )33. Do you know? D. how doesA. what it is B. whatis it )34. Do you know? A. whose book egg fryisthis C. this book is whoseC. who is he D. whose nameis itB. whose book this isD. who's book this is)35.1 don't know now.A. where is my catC. where my cat is

23、)36. Does he know?A. whafs your nameC. what your is name )37. Do you know?A. which floor he lives C. he lives on which floor )38. Tell me where?A. is the hospitalB. the)39. He hasn't decidedh.ospital is A. if he'll go on a trip to Wu xi C. if he goes on a trip to Wu xi )40. Can you see?A. wh

24、at he's reading C. what does he readB. my cat is whereD. where my catB. what name is yourD. what your name isB. which floor he lives onD. which floor does he lives onC. is hospital D. hospital isB. when will he go on a trip to Wu xiD. when does he go on atrip to Wu xiB. what is he readingD. he r

25、eadswhat賓語從句鞏固練習(xí)參考答案1. 參考答案 D 你決定什么時候去澳大利亞了嗎？賓語從句用陳述語序。2. 參考答案 D 賓語從句用陳述語序， where 作從句的賓語。3. 參考答案C賓語從句用陳述語序， where表示地點。4. 參考答案 A if 表示選擇，我想你是否將喜歡他。5. 參考答案B有or not所以用whether.6. 參考答案 C 賓語從句用陳述語序 .7. 參考答案A賓語從句用陳述語序，who作從句的賓語。8. 參考答案A whose是所有格，所以后面要有一個名詞，整體做從句的賓語。9. 參考答案 A 賓語從句用陳述語序。10. 參考答案 D 主句是過去時，從句

26、也要用過去相應(yīng)的時態(tài)，醫(yī)生問我之前我 已經(jīng)病 了，所以用過去完成時態(tài)。11. 參考答案 C if 連接賓語從句，賓語從句用陳述語序。12. 參考答案B whose是所有格，所以后面要有一個名詞，整體做從句的賓語。13. 參考答案 C 賓語從句用陳述語序。14. 參考答案 C 賓語從句用陳述語序，時態(tài)不受限制。15. 參考答案 C 主句用一般過去時，從句要用過去相應(yīng)的時態(tài)，因為圣誕老人 是之前 就把禮物放進襪子里了，所以用過去完成時態(tài)16. 參考答案 B 有 or not 就用 whether.17. 參考答案 D 賓語從句用陳述語序，主句用一般過去時，從句要用過去相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。18. 參考答案 B 沒有人告訴我們應(yīng)該做什么，所以我們需要你的幫助。賓語從句用陳述語序，如果選 B就是沒有人做什么，us后面是賓語從句，而 us是賓格 不能作從句 的主語，所以 C 選項缺少賓語從句的主語，應(yīng)選 B.19. 參考答案D我們不知道用垃圾做什么并且垃圾污染陸地和海洋。What做to do的賓語。20. 參考答案 D 賓語從句用陳述語序，他問我是否我能找出寄錢的人，主句用 過去時 態(tài)，從句用過去相應(yīng)的時態(tài)。21. 參考答案B賓語從句用陳述語序， what作從句的賓語。22. 參考答案 A 賓語從句用陳述語序，哪一個班，所以用 which class.23. 參考答案 D