人教版選修八Unit 1語(yǔ)法學(xué)案

1、. Book8 unit1 Grammar名詞性從句名詞性從句的功能: 功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組, 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、介詞賓語(yǔ)等。名詞性從句:表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句一、主語(yǔ)從句小組討論，找出以下句子的主語(yǔ)并總結(jié)。 1.A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.2.I dont know if it will grow.3.To give is better than to receive4.That light travels in straight lines is known to all.總結(jié)：主語(yǔ)可由_詞、_詞、數(shù)

2、詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞和_等來(lái)承擔(dān)。一般位于謂動(dòng)詞_。一、小組討論并判斷以下句子那些是主語(yǔ)從句。Yes or No?1.That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.2.I think that you must work harder.3.The fact is that we have lost the game.4.When they will come is unknown.5.Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet

3、.6.Whatever you did is right.7.What we need is time.8.It is certain that he will win the match. 二課堂練習(xí)：1_he said was not true.2_he likes most is reading.3_he is brave is true.4_ will take part in the meeting has not been decided.5_she is from is unknown.6_she keeps healthy is a secret.7_can join in t

4、he sport meet is decided by the teacher.8_book I shall choose hasnt been decided.三、主語(yǔ)從句特殊用法：1. It is very likely that they will hold a meeting. It + be + 名詞/形容詞 +主語(yǔ)從句2. It seems that he has seen the film. 似乎 It+不及物動(dòng)詞seem, happen, matter+主語(yǔ)從句3. It is said that President Obama will visit our school ne

5、xt week. 據(jù)說(shuō) It過(guò)去分詞從句 總結(jié)：it 做形式主語(yǔ)，為了防止句子頭重腳輕，通常把形式主語(yǔ)it放在主語(yǔ)位置，真正主語(yǔ)擱置于句末。四、主語(yǔ)從句在寫(xiě)作中的運(yùn)用。1 _眾所周知China launched their Shenzhou XI manned spaceship successfully on October 17,2019, carrying two Chinese astronauts, Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong. After 33-days stay in space, they returned to the earth . In thei

6、r opinion, 2 _ 這是他們的榮幸 that they were chosen to be the astronauts of Shenzhou XI spaceship. During their trip,3 _令他們驚訝的事 was that the gravity became very strong when their rocket rose into the air. However, 4_讓他們振奮的事 was seeing the earth from space. They also said that it didnt matter5 _ 多么困難 They w

7、ould finish the task with heart and soul. All in all, it is a new chapter for Chinas space industry.二、賓語(yǔ)從句1、定義：在復(fù)合句中作動(dòng)詞或介詞賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。2、類(lèi)別1動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句: I heard_ he would come here later on. 2介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句: He said nothing about _ broke the window last night. 某些形容詞或過(guò)去分詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句 I am not sure I ought to do.3、賓語(yǔ)從

8、句的引導(dǎo)詞1 附屬連詞that He told us _. 他對(duì)我們說(shuō)他感到不舒適。 I know_.我知道他已經(jīng)回來(lái)了。此處that可省略分析：從句中_缺/不缺句子成分，_有/無(wú)實(shí)際意義，只起連接作用，所以填that2附屬連詞if/whether。如： I doubt _. 我疑心他是否會(huì)成功。 I dont know _. 我不知道你能否幫助我。分析：從句中_缺/不缺句子成分，意為_(kāi),只起連接作用，所以填if/ whetherwhether 與if 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別情況whetherif從句置于句首時(shí)從句作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)從句作discuss, doubt doubt用于肯定構(gòu)造時(shí)等動(dòng)詞的賓

9、語(yǔ)時(shí)與or not 或動(dòng)詞不定式直接連用時(shí)用if容易產(chǎn)生歧義時(shí)從句為否認(rèn)句時(shí)操練：用if/whether填空。_ she will come or not is still a question她是否能來(lái)還是個(gè)問(wèn)題。I'm interested in _ he likes English我關(guān)心的是他是否喜歡英語(yǔ)。 Let me know _ or not he will come. 讓我知道他是否能來(lái)。He hasn't decided _ to visit the old man. 他尚未決定是否拜訪那位人。_ this is true or not，I can't

10、say這是否真的我說(shuō)不上來(lái)。 People doubt _ he is a thief. 人們疑心他是否是小偷。 He asked _ I didnt come to school yesterday.他問(wèn)我昨天是否沒(méi)來(lái)學(xué)校。 5、本卷須知1） 從句是并列句時(shí)，第二個(gè)分句前的that不可省略。 He phoned us to tell that it was time for us to set off and_ he would wait for us at the first crossing. 第一個(gè) that 可省略，第二個(gè) that 不可省略2） 在insist，demand，ord

11、er，suggest, propose, advise, desire等表示堅(jiān)持、命令、 建議等意義的動(dòng)詞后，that賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形，表示虛擬。 Wangwei insisted that she _ organize the trip well. 3） 動(dòng)詞+it + 形容詞或慣用搭配+that從句，it為形式賓語(yǔ)，that從句為真正的賓語(yǔ)。I think_ necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . 4） 動(dòng)詞doubt用于否認(rèn)構(gòu)造或疑問(wèn)構(gòu)造時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞用that。5） 否認(rèn)前移： I d

12、ont think you are right._.翻譯三、表語(yǔ)從句1、概念： 表語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的從句。 2、 放在系動(dòng)詞之后,一般構(gòu)造是“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從句 3、可以接表語(yǔ)從句的連系動(dòng)詞有be, look, remain, seem等。 由附屬連詞that不可省，whether 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 1The trouble is _she has lost his money.費(fèi)事的事是他丟了錢(qián)。_不作成分2The question is _ we need more ice cream. _不作成分 由關(guān)系代詞which, who, what, whose 等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)

13、從句1The question is _ of us should go.問(wèn)題是我們哪一個(gè)應(yīng)該去 作定語(yǔ)2 The problem was _ could do the work.問(wèn)題是誰(shuí)能做這項(xiàng)工作。作主語(yǔ)3) That's_ he is worrying about.那就是他在擔(dān)憂的事。作賓語(yǔ)Time is _ we should treasure.時(shí)間應(yīng)該是我們珍惜的。 作賓語(yǔ)China is no longer _ it used to be. 中國(guó)不再是過(guò)去的中國(guó)。作表語(yǔ) 由關(guān)系副詞when, where, why, how等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句1) Go and get

14、 your coat. It's _ you left it. 去把雨衣拿來(lái)就在你原來(lái)放的地方。2）  I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. Thats_ I got wet through. 我們既沒(méi)傘也沒(méi)雨衣，這是我們淋濕的原因。3 _ is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠是怎樣每年損害大量糧食的。 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞連詞：that/whether /if 主語(yǔ)從句沒(méi)有 if連接代詞：who/what/ which哪一個(gè)/whose wh+e

15、ver連接副詞：when/where/how/why總結(jié)：1_只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)任何成分。 2_在從句充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。 3_在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)。4在主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句中的that不能省。理論沖關(guān)：一、 單句改錯(cuò)1、 That they are going to discuss at the meeting is how to increase food supply in the world.2、 Why farmland here is being lost is because farmers have cut down too many trees in recent yea

16、rs.3、 If the famous scientist will come to attend the agricultural conference is not known yet.4、 The question is if the enemy is marching towards us. 5、 Tell me what it has happened to you.6、 We consider that impossible that we finish it in a day. 7、 Mother made a promise if I got the prize, she wo

17、uld buy a bike.8、 He didnt come yesterday. That is why he was ill.9、 The bus was empty, so I could take which seat I liked.10、 It is difficult for us to imagine how life was like for slaves in the ancient world.二、語(yǔ)法填空。Thomas Edison was one of the ten said to be the greatest genius of his age. There

18、are only a few men in all of the history,1. has changed the lives of other men as much as the inventor of the first useful electric light. 2. Edison could never be happy only 3. someone said 4. he was a genius. “There is no such thing 5. genius, Edison said. He said 6. people called genius was mostly hard work. But Edison was a dreamer as well as a worker. From his earliest days as a child he wondered about the secrets of nature. Nature, he often said, is full of secrets. He tried to understand them;