中考英語必備習(xí)題精編專題短文填空6用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空含解析

1、短文填空(2018 云南昆明)用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使語篇意義完整，必要時(shí)請用否定 式。(共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分)The most interesting museumI ' ve ever been to is the American Computer Museum. They have 66 (information) about different computers and who invented them. The old computer were muc h bigger. It ' s unbelievable that technolo

2、gy has progressed in such a rapid way! I ' ve also learned that there was a special computer. It could play chess even 67 (well) than humans. I wonder how much more computers 68 (be) able to do in the future.I ' ve 69 (recent) been to a very unusual museumin India, the international Museumof

3、 Toilets. I just 70 (could) believe myeyes when I saw so many different kinds of toilets there. The museum 71 (teach) people about the history and development of toilets. It also encourages governments and social groups 72 (think) about ways to improve toilets in the future.Last year I went to the H

4、angzhou 73 (national) Tea Museum. It ' s a relaxing and peaceful place near a lake. The tea art performances show how to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets. Watching the tea preparation is just as enjoyable as drinking the tea 74 (it). I ' ve finally realized why my grandpa lo

5、ves drinkingtea and 75 (collect) tea sets.說明文話題文化之旅詞數(shù)200【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了三中不同類型的博物館，展現(xiàn)了各國不同的文化。66. information 考查名詞。information為不可數(shù)名詞，故用原形。67. better 考查形容詞。根據(jù)句中than可知要用比較等級(jí)， well比較級(jí)形式為better 。68. will be考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中 in the future 可知要用一般將來時(shí)，故用 will be。69. recently 考查副詞。recent為形容詞，其副詞形式為recently 。70

6、. couldn ' t考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)我看見那里這么多不同種類的廁所時(shí)我?guī)缀醪幌?信自己的眼睛。結(jié)合句意可知應(yīng)用否定式，根據(jù)下文的saw可知應(yīng)用一般過去式。71. teaches考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合下文中"It also encourages ”可知此句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為the museum,為單三形式。72. to think考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。encourage sb. to do sth. 意為“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”。73. National考查形容詞。national意為"國家的”，此處表示專有名詞，故字母 n大寫。74. itself考查代詞。句意：觀看

7、茶的準(zhǔn)備工作就像飲茶本身那樣非常令人享受。itself意為“它自己”。75. collecting考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。love doing sth. 意為“喜歡做某事”。C ) (2018 江蘇徐州)用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空，使短文完整。(2018 江蘇徐州)Donnie Darko is a fantastic film. It's a dark comedy, which is sometimes funny and sometimes frightening.The film 53 (set) in an American town. One night, Donnie Dar

8、ko, who is a teenager, meets a frightening man 54 (dress) as a rabbit. Whena plane crashes into Donnie's house, the man saves his life and then tells him that his enemies plan 55 (end) the world in 26 days. The film is about the next 26 days. It's a teenage love story, a thriller, a science

9、fiction film, and a comedy, all in one film.Donnie Darko was written and directed by Richard Kelly, who 56 (be) only 25 when he made it. It 57 (win) plenty of film awards so far, but no Oscars.The music is really good, and it 58 (include) 1980s pop songs. Watch this film now and see what you think o

10、f it.應(yīng)用文話題電影簡介詞數(shù)145【主旨大意】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。簡介死亡幻覺這部科幻懸疑電影。該片講述了少年東尼在一個(gè)帶著詭異面具的巨兔引導(dǎo)下，為了阻止宇宙走向毀滅而孤軍奮戰(zhàn)的故事。53.is set 54. dressed 55. to end 56 was 57. has won 58. includes(2018 -貴州遵義)Whose job is it to check your homework?I don' t think it ' s my parents ' job to check my homework. Since we have alrea

11、dy grown up, we cannot act like little 61 (baby)and depend on our parents all thetime. We must learn to be 62 (independence).I remember when I was in Grade Three, my parents 63 (ask) me to check my homework by myself. I didn ' t know what to do at that time, so I only cried. Butafter that, I got

12、 used to 64 (check) my own homework in my studies.Checking homework by ourselves is 65 good habit. It can help us find mistakes in exams more 66 (easy), it can also save the teachers a lot of time 67 they check our homework, and it can also let our parents worry 68 (little) about our studies.Some da

13、y in the future, Mom and Dad 69 (leave) us. So we should start tolearn to do everything by 70 (we) and really understand how important independence is.【主旨大意】本文是議論文。本文主要討論了檢查家庭作業(yè)是誰的職責(zé)這一問題，通過這一問題的討論，表明了作者的觀點(diǎn)：孩子應(yīng)該通過自查家庭作業(yè)學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立。61. babies 62. independent 63. asked 64. checking 65. a 66. easily 67. when 6

14、8. less 69. will leave 70. ourselves62. babies【解析】通過上問中的句子" Since we have already grown up, ",判斷本句 的意思是我們不能像小孩一樣總是依靠我們的父母了。63. independent【解析】考查名詞變形容詞。根據(jù)前面的句子learn to be 判斷選擇形容詞。64. asked【解析】考查動(dòng)詞過去式。根據(jù)前面的句子" I remember when I was in GradeThree,”判斷本句是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，所以選擇 ask的過去式：asked。65. check

15、ing【解析】固定結(jié)構(gòu)be/get used to ,意為“習(xí)慣于"，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞形式。故答案是checking 。66. a【解析】考查冠詞的填寫。根據(jù)文中句子發(fā)現(xiàn)缺少不定冠詞，根據(jù) good選擇不定冠詞a。67. easily【解析】考查副詞的比較級(jí)。句意：檢查作業(yè)能幫我們更容易地發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。本題考查副詞修飾行為動(dòng)詞。表示“容易地”，應(yīng)用 easily 。68. when【解析】考查連詞wheru結(jié)合前后句發(fā)現(xiàn)缺乏一個(gè)連詞：當(dāng) 的時(shí)候，故填when .69. less 【解析】 對(duì)照 It can help us find mistakes in exams more 66 (

16、 easy),可知此句句意是：而且它也能讓我們的父母親少擔(dān)心我們的學(xué)習(xí)。表示“更少地”，應(yīng)用little 的比較級(jí)less。70. will leave【解析】考查一般將來時(shí)態(tài)。 根據(jù)前面的時(shí)間狀語"Some day in the future " 判斷句義為：將來某一天，父母會(huì)離開我們。71. ourselves【解析】考查反身代詞。句義為：我們應(yīng)該開始學(xué)會(huì)靠我們自己做一切事情。本題考查固定短語 by oneself ,意為"獨(dú)自"，此題故填our的反身代詞oursekes 。五、(2018廣西玉林)語法填空(每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，在空白

17、處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi) 單詞的正確形式。Let' s share this article about the importance of family in our life. As soonas the man goes into the world, the first persons he meets are his family 66 (member). The first person is the mother who has great pain to bring him to his 67 (beauty) world. Then is his father w

18、ho is always there to look 68 him. Then come the brothers and sisters. Family is the first place for a person 69 (learn) things in this world. He learns everything from his family from baby time till oldage. He sees his family walking and then he tries to follow them. He sees his family talking and

19、then he tries to repeat the words. He also 70 (slow) learns the basic communication among the people in the family. He learns how to love, 71 to do, when to go bed, and how to get on with others well. This developsa kind of loveamong all family.The family works like a chain. You know, kids know 72(l

20、ittle ) than otherpeople, so they should learn from elders while elders depend on 73 (they) kids for a lot of things. Whenkids grow up, get married, have children,the circlerepeatsagain. Your family always come to your help when you are in trouble. They always supported you in different ways 74 it i

21、s on money or just on spirit. You can always share your problems with the family, and you always find a better way to solve your problems after 75 (discuss ) them in the house.Considering all these things, we can say family is one of the greatest gifts that God sends us.66.67.68.69. 70.71.72. 73.74.

22、 75.夾敘夾議話題家庭與家人詞數(shù)276【主旨大意】本文敘議結(jié)合，講述了家人和家庭的在我們的一生中的重要性。從這個(gè)人一出生就與父母兄弟姐妹接觸，在家庭中學(xué)習(xí)、成長，然后結(jié)婚生子女，在不同的情況下相互扶持。就像一個(gè)鏈條，如此延續(xù)下去。我們可以說，家庭是賦予我們的最偉大的禮物之一。66. members 這個(gè)人遇到的第一批人就是他的家庭成員。此處的名詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)。67. beautiful 修飾名詞world ,應(yīng)該用形容詞形式 beautiful 。68. after然后是總是細(xì)心照顧他的父親。look after意為“照顧；照料”。后置定語69. to learn家庭是一個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)世界上事物的第

23、一個(gè)地方。此處是動(dòng)詞不定式作 修飾名詞place。70. slowly 修飾動(dòng)詞learns的應(yīng)該用副詞，形容詞 slow的副詞形式是slowly 。71. what此處是疑問詞與動(dòng)詞不定式to do連用，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式短語；此處疑問詞在句中做do的賓語，故用 what,表示“做什么”。72. less由空格后的than可知，此處應(yīng)該用little 的比較級(jí)less。73. their 修飾名詞kids的應(yīng)該用形容詞性物主代詞。74. whether whetheror.為固定短語，意為“不管還是”。75. discussing after在這里是介詞，其后的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用-ing形式。（2018

24、 浙江杭州）第二節(jié)：（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。將答案填寫在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置。Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most other things in the modern world, it is the result of thousands of years of human invention.First, came the invention of writing,51_ （probable） about 550

25、0 year ago.With writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people that they never 52_ （see） and share their knowledge with future generations.Later, the Greeks were well-done for their literature（文學(xué)）and science, buttheir “books" looked very d

26、ifferent 53 the books of today. They were called scrolls（ 卷軸）.They were difficult to use and took a lot of space in a library. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages 54 （invent）. For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin.That changed in 55 _thirteenth cen

27、tury, when Europeans learned about a very56 （use）Chinese invention: paper.But the biggest change for books in Europe camein 1439, when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. Many more people could afford the book

28、s57 wereproduced on a printing press.These days it is difficult58 (imagine) a world without books. But humaninvention does not stop. Every year, more59 (story) are bought ase-books and read on a screen.Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future,60 willbooks, like scrolls, soon di

29、sappear?【解題思路】51. probably 考查副詞?！按蟾?500年以前”是句子的時(shí)間狀語， 故填probably 。句意： 首先來說一下寫作的由來，大概在 5500年以前。52. saw考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處的saw是定語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞，考慮時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)主句中的could判斷從句用一般過去時(shí)，故填 saw。句意：他們能夠與他們從來沒有見過的人們交流， 和子孫后代們分享他們的知識(shí)。53. from/to/than考查介詞。be different from/to/than 表示“與不同"。句意：后來，希臘人因他們的文學(xué)和科學(xué)而著名，但是他們的“書籍”看起來和現(xiàn)在的書籍非 常不同。

30、54. were invented考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。書和發(fā)明之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，books是復(fù)數(shù)，故填 wereinvented 。句意：大約2000年以前，有很多書頁的書被發(fā)明了。55. the考查冠詞。in the+序數(shù)詞+century 表示“在第幾世紀(jì)”，序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞the 。句意：書頁由獸皮制作的那種現(xiàn)象在13世紀(jì)發(fā)生改變。56. useful考查形容詞。invention 是名詞，發(fā)明，形容詞修飾名詞，故填useful 。句意：當(dāng)歐洲人了解到中國一個(gè)非常有用的發(fā)明紙的時(shí)候。57. that/which考查定語從句。定語從句的先行詞是物：the books ,故關(guān)系詞用that 或whi

31、ch。句意：更多的人能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起通過印刷機(jī)生產(chǎn)的書。58. to imagine 考查不定式。It is difficult to do sth.做某事是困難的。it是形式主語，句子的真正主語是to imagine a world without books 。句意：很難想象現(xiàn)在一個(gè)沒有書的世界（是什么樣子的）。59. stories考查名詞。story 是可數(shù)名詞，more是many的比較級(jí)，故 story變成復(fù)數(shù)形式stories 。句意：每年都有更多的故事作為電子書被購買并在屏幕上被閱讀。60. or考查連詞。前后兩句話表示的是兩種假設(shè)，故應(yīng)填表示選擇的連詞 or。句意：將來有人會(huì)翻開傳

32、統(tǒng)書籍的書頁嗎？或者書 ，比如卷軸，很快就會(huì)消失嗎？四、（2018 山東聊城）語法填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處按要求填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。每空1個(gè)個(gè)單詞。Many children love animals. And Willow Phelps is one of 61 （they）. In fact, this American little girl not only loves animals, but she also has done really a lot for them. And 62 （ 連詞）she did these

33、kind things, she won the 2016 ASPCA （美國防止虐待動(dòng)物協(xié)會(huì)）Kid of the Year.Willow ' s 63 （love） for animals started early. When she was about 3 yearsold, her family took in 64 （ 冠詞）18-year-old cat. Under the care of Willow, the cat lived for another 3 years. After that, many old pets arrived in Willow'

34、s home.So, Willow began to make plans to help more 65 （animal）With her mum ' s help, Willow began running, swimming and even sewing （縫制）said Willow.toys to_ 66 （raise） money for animals in need of help. In her young life, she has 67 （successful） completed the three projects. Finally, she raised

35、$11 ,000. She also succeeded in 68 （stop） the use of live goldfish as prizes at her school party. And what she did for goldfish was_ 69 （notice） and rewarded （獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)）by the ASPCA .I will continue to speak up for animals no matter how hard it is,Willow dreams of becoming an animal doctor 70 （ 介詞）the futu

36、re. Let's hope thislittle girl's dream will come true.記敘文話題興趣與愛好詞數(shù)238【主旨大意】本文介紹了一名熱愛動(dòng)物、并為保護(hù)動(dòng)物而做出許多感動(dòng)人的事情的美國女孩 的故事。61. them 此空指代前句中的children ,介詞of后跟人稱代，賓格them。62. because 后句是獲得的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，前句應(yīng)該指獲獎(jiǎng)的原因。63. love此空放在名，所有格 Willow ' s后面，應(yīng)用名詞形式。64. an此空后面的形容詞18-year-old的第一個(gè)因素為元音音素，故用不定冠詞an。65. animals根據(jù)前

37、面more可知用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。66. raise 前面有to ,此空應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，表示目的。67. successfully此空修飾動(dòng)詞 completed應(yīng)用副詞形式。68. stopping succeed in doing sth.為固定搭配，意為“成功地做某事”，故用stopping 。69. noticed 根據(jù)and后面的rewarded可知應(yīng)用同樣的動(dòng)詞 過去分詞形式構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。70. in in the future為固定搭配，意為"將來”。五、(2018山東濰坊)詞匯應(yīng)用(共12小題；每小題1分，滿分12分) 閱讀下面的短文，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)

38、形式填空，必要時(shí)可加助動(dòng)詞。1 live in Pennsylvania. It is a 1 (north ) state of America, which is the33rd 2 (large ) state in America. You might know some of the cities, likePhiladelphia, Pittsburgh and Allentown. The state capital is Harrisburg. Now let me tell you a little more about my state.Several Indian tri

39、bes(部落)lived in Pennsylvania before 3 (Europe) came.The Dutch came first, 4 f follow ) by Sweden. England started colonies (殖民地) later. After a few fights, they 5 (take ) control of the land.Pennsylvania 6 (give ) to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvaniagot its name. Pennsylvania was the 7

40、 (two) to join the nation. The city ofPhiladelphia 8 (be) an important city since the colony was founded. It was even the capital of America, too ! Today, Pennsylvania is sometimes regarded as the snack capital of the country. It is famous for snacks, like pretzels and chips, Heinz ketchup and sauce

41、s. There is also Hershey, which is well 9(know) as the chocolatecompany.There are steel companies in the state, as well as a lot of colleges. There are plenty of things 10(do) in Pennsylvania. There are several major sports teams.Pennsylvania has 121 state parks, and they all have free 11( enter ) .

42、 Huntingis popular here, too.說明文話題地點(diǎn)介紹詞數(shù)256Are you thinking about 12 (visit ) the state ?【主旨大意】本短文是一篇城市介紹，介紹了賓夕法尼亞州的概況。1. northern【解析】句意：它是美國北部的一個(gè)州。在句中缺少形容詞本題中缺少形容詞 "北方的"，north 變?yōu)閚orthern，修飾state.2. largest【解析】句意：美國第三十三大州。表示三者以上用形容詞的最高級(jí)形式。本句結(jié)構(gòu)是the +序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+in短語（第幾 ）3. Europeans【解

43、析】句意：在歐洲人到來之前，有幾個(gè)印第安部落住在賓夕法尼亞。表示“歐洲人"用 European ,又結(jié)合句意，用復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以填寫 Europeans o4. followed【解析】句意：緊隨其后的是瑞典。根據(jù)上下文知，本句也用一般過去時(shí)，所以填過去式。5. took【解析】句意：經(jīng)過幾次戰(zhàn)斗，他們控制了這塊土地。由于講述的是歷史，發(fā)生在過去的事情，用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，動(dòng)詞用過去式，即 took。6. was given【解析】句意：賓夕法尼亞后來被授予Penn家族。主謂語存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,時(shí)間狀語提示用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，故用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。7. second/2nd【解析】句意：

44、賓夕法尼亞是第二個(gè)加入該國的國家。表示“第二個(gè)”用序數(shù)詞second。8. has been【解析】句意：自殖民地成立以來，費(fèi)城一直是一個(gè)重要的城市?！皊ince thecolony was founded.”知，此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，主語是費(fèi)城，所以填寫has been。9. known【解析】句意：也有赫爾希，這是眾所周知的巧克力公司。短語 be known as 意為“被認(rèn)為是，；以著稱”。10. to do【解析】句意：在賓夕法尼亞有很多事情要做。動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的。11. entry/entrance【解析】句意：它們都有免費(fèi)的入口。結(jié)合句子，此處應(yīng)該填寫名詞表示 "入 口&

45、quot;, 故填寫 entry/entrance 。12. visiting【解析】句意：你在考慮訪問這個(gè)州嗎？介詞后加動(dòng)名詞形式，即填寫visiting 。(2018?山東棗莊)第二節(jié) 語法填空(共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面材料，把答案寫在答題卡第n卷 46-55小題的橫線上，有的答案要填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容，有的答案要用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，但每個(gè)答案補(bǔ)多于3個(gè)單詞。You have 46 (probable) never heard of Amy Hayes, 47 she is a mostunusual woman. She never throws away things

46、 we 48 (need) any more. She hasalways thought about how these things 49 (put) to good use. She thinks thatnothing is a waste, The windows and doors of her house come from old building aroundher town 50 were pulled down. The top of 51 is an old boat 52 (turn) upside down. And the gate is made 53 rock

47、s and old glass bottles. Amy isn ' t only one who is good at 54 (recycle). Jessica Wong used old clothesto make bags. She 55 (do) this for a few years. Her bags are cute and useful.【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Amy Hayes的環(huán)保故事，像 Amy一樣，Jessica Wong也用舊衣服來制作包包，重視環(huán)保。46. probably【解析】修飾動(dòng)詞 heard ,用副詞probably 。4

48、7. but【解析】前后表示關(guān)系，用 but。48. don ' t need【解析】根據(jù)句意及后面的any more可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的否定形式。49. can be put 【解析】these things 與put之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)句意可知，用情態(tài) 的動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故填can be put 。50. that/ which【解析】building 是先行詞，指物，關(guān)系代詞用that或which。51. it/the house/her house【解析】根據(jù)前面提到的房子，故填 it/the house/her house。52. turned【解析】過去分詞短語作后置定語

49、，修飾an old boat ,和boat存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。故填 turned 。53. of【解析】be made of "由制成”是固定短語。54. recycling【解析】be good at doing sth. 表示“擅長做某事”。55. has been doing【解析】根據(jù)后面的this for a few years 可知，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。第三節(jié)(2018 四川樂山)完成短文和對(duì)話(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分) A) (2018 四川樂山)閱讀下面短文，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空。A husband and wife were driving dow

50、n a country road on their way to visit some friends. As they came to a muddy (泥濘的)part of the road, their car 81 (break) down.They tried to get the car out by themselves, but it didn ' t work. Then they saw a farmer 82 (come) down the road. He was driving some oxen (牛). He stopped when he saw th

51、e couple was in trouble. He said he would pull the car out of the mud for $20 (130 yuan). They agreed and minutes 83 (late) the car was free.The farmer turned to the husband and said, “You know, you' re the 84 (ten) car I ' ve helped out of the mud today. ”The husband looked around at the large la