高考專題之狀語從句專講

1、高考專題之狀語從句專講、狀語從句（一）狀語從句重、難點1、掌握各種從屬連詞的含義及用法比較；2、掌握no matter wh-與 wh-ever弓I導(dǎo)的從句的區(qū)別；3、掌握狀語從句的時態(tài)問題；4、掌握狀語從句倒裝及緊縮問題；5、掌握狀語從句與其它從句的區(qū)別。（二）定義及特點在復(fù)合句中，擔(dān)任狀語成分的從句，稱為狀語從句。根據(jù)它的意思，可分為時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、 條件、方式、比較、讓步狀語從句。狀語從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，其位置可放在句首或句末。放在句首時，常用逗號與主句分開；放在句末時，從 句前面往往不用逗號。狀語從句有九種，時地原因條狀補，目比結(jié)果方讓步，連詞引導(dǎo)各不同；主句通常前面走，

2、連詞引導(dǎo)緊隨后, 從句若在主前頭，主從之間有個逗。（三）九種常用分類及常用的從屬連詞和詞組1 時間狀語從句 ：when, while, as, before, after, as soon as, till, until, notuntil, since, whenever,first/second /last time, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardly scarcely when, no sooner thanStrike while the iron is hot.

3、趁熱打鐵。Great changes have taken place in Beijing since it was liberated.Be a pupil before you become a teacher.I ' ll teyou as soon as I know.2地點狀語從句 ：where, whereverJust stay where you are.3 原因狀語從句 :because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that As the weather was fine, I opened all

4、the windows.4 條件狀語從句 ：if, unless, now （that）, as（so） long as, in case, on condition that, suppose/supposing, provided/providingWe should serve the people as long as we live.5 讓步狀語從句 :although, though, even though/if, as, while, no matter which/what/when/where/who/how, whichever, wherever, whatever,

5、whoever, whenever, however, whether須管還是）； （as 弓I導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，應(yīng)將表語或狀語放在句首）Young as he is, he knows a lot.盡管他很年輕，他知道的東西很多。6結(jié)果狀語從句:so that, so that, such thatHe has made such great progress in English that I can-t help admiring him7 目的狀語從句：that, so that, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest（免得）Come

6、round to the window so that I can see you.繞到窗子前面去，好讓我看到你們。8 方式狀語從句 :how, as, just as, as if/as though Do just_as_you_like.9 比較狀語從句 ：than, as as, not so/as as, more than, less 比較than, thhe+比較級 They jumped up and down as hard as they could.他們使勁地上下跳。The longer the period, the higher the interest rate.存

7、期越長，禾U息越高。、各種從屬連詞的含義及用法比較1 .時間狀語從句問題1:連接詞when的用法小結(jié)(1) when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞可以是可延續(xù)的，也可以是表短暫性動作的動詞，可用于主句 和從句動作同時發(fā)生或從句動作先于主句動作。如：When the film ended, the people went back.When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.(2) 可用作并列連詞，其意義為 那時，這時“，相當(dāng)于and at this/that time 。常用于下列句式：Somebody was doin

8、g something/was about to do sth./was on the point of doing sth. when (剛要這時突然)(3) 還可以表示原因既然“，相當(dāng)于since; considering that 。如：It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.問題2:連接詞while的用法小結(jié)(4) while引導(dǎo)的動作必須是持續(xù)性的，側(cè)重主句動作和從句動作相對比。如：Please don ' t talk so loud whil

9、e others are working.(5) while作為并列連詞，意為 而，卻”，表示對比。(6) while可表示盡管，相當(dāng)于 although 。連接詞when, while, as的用法區(qū)別：(1) While指一段時間。表示主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生，并持續(xù)一段時間。從句的謂語動詞必須是可延 續(xù)的。When指一點時間或一段時間。表示主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生，也常表示從句動作先于主句動作。引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞是可延續(xù)的，也可以是表短暫性動作的動詞。如：When/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring

10、.When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.(不可用 while)When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.( 不可用 while)(2) as指一點時間，以可指一段時間。側(cè)重于表示在從句動作發(fā)生過程中主句動作同時發(fā)生。當(dāng)主句和從句的主語一致時，as還有 "邊一邊”的意思。As I was getting on the bus, someone called me.As he walked along, he sang happily.As the election appr

11、oached, the violence got worse.(表示 隨著"，連詞用 as,不用 when 或 while)(3)如果主句表示的是短暫動作，而從句用延續(xù)性動作的進行時態(tài)表示在一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作時，when, while 與as可互換使用。如：When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.問題3:小結(jié)：(1) 些詞，如 the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instan

12、tly, hardlywhen,scarcely - when, no sooner than可引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于 as soon as的意思。I didn ' t wait a moment, but came immediately yoalced.(2time 的名詞短語， 如 every time, each time, next time, by the timethe day, the year,the morning等，也可引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句。The day he returned home, his father was already dead.Next

13、time you come, please bring your composition.(3)如果hardly或no sooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必須用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.(一般主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時)No sooner had she heard the news than she fainted.她一聽至U這個消息，就暈倒了。問題4:小結(jié)：till, until 和 not until(1) until/till引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句用于肯定句時，主句的動詞是延續(xù)性動詞，表示動作或狀態(tài)

14、一直持續(xù)到 until/till所表示的時間，意為某動作一直延續(xù)到某時間點才停止”。如： We waited until he came.(2)用于否定句時，主句謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞，從句為肯定，意為某動作直到某時間才開始如： He won' t go to bed till/until she returns.(3) till不可以置于句首，而 until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it.(4) not until句型中的強調(diào)和倒裝說法：It was not until you told me that I had any id

15、ea of it.Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.問題5:連接詞before的小結(jié)：(1) Before從句中謂語不用否定式。如：Before they reached the station, the train had gone.(2)常用句型：1)句型It be + 一段時間 + before肯定句還要過多久才”It will be two years before he leaves the country. 兩年之后他將離開這個國家。2)句型It be not + 一段時間 + before肯定句不多久就 ”It was

16、n't two years before he left the country. 沒到兩年他就離開這個國家了。(3)比較記憶：before long不久以后long before 很久以前e.g.They came back before long.他們很快就回來了。I knew Tom long before I knew you.我在認(rèn)識你之前很久就認(rèn)識了湯姆。問題6:連接詞since小結(jié)：(1) Since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句通常用一般過去時，主句的動詞一般用完成時態(tài)。I have learned more than two thousand English words sinc

17、e I began learning English.(2)常用句型：It is + 一段時間 + since引導(dǎo)的時間從句(從句用一般過去時)It is just a week since we arrived here.It is three years since she joined the army/since she was in the army.(含義不同，注意區(qū)分) How long is it since you came to London?注意以下兩個句子的區(qū)別：It is 10 years since he was a teacher.他不當(dāng)老已十年了。It is 1

18、0 years since he became a teacher.他當(dāng)老市已十年了。2 .條件狀語從句問題1:unless相當(dāng)于if not,意思是 除非一”如果不就”。這也是高考的熱點之一。復(fù)習(xí)時也應(yīng)給予高度重視。問題2:as long as與as far as都可引導(dǎo)條件犬語從句,as long as表示 只要 "，as far as表示 就而論（而言）”。如： You can go where you like so long as you get back before dark.in case表示 以防“，as though等于as if,引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，表示 好像、似

19、乎“。3 .讓步狀語從句問題1:while是高考中的高頻詞，它既可引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，又可引導(dǎo)并列句，還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示盡管"。even if等于even though ,表示即使、盡管”。問題2：no matter wh- 與 wh-ever的聯(lián)系及區(qū)別：no matter wh-只引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，此時與 wh-ever通用。如：No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party.wh-ever又可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，No matter wh-不能。如：Whatever I can

20、 do for you will be nothing but paying a debt.Whoever can help us will be welcome.問題 3: whether - or/ no matter whether or 表示 無論。還是。”No matter whether/Whether you go there by sea or by air, you will enjoy your trip.問題4： asRich as he is/Though he is rich, he is not happy.（做表語的形容詞倒裝 ）Fast as you read/

21、Though you read fast, you can' t finish the bo ok嫻wo的ay容詞倒裝 ）Child as he is/Though he is a child, he knows something of electricity.（做表語的單數(shù)名詞提前時，名詞前不可以用不定冠詞）Try as they may/Though they may try , they will never succeed.Lose money as I did, I got a lot of experience.（從句中行為動詞提前，主語后面跟情態(tài)動詞或助動詞，若沒有，則

22、加上相應(yīng)的do,does,did.）三、狀語從句的時態(tài)問題在條件，時間和讓步從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示一般將來時，用現(xiàn)在完成時表將來完成時，用一般過去時表過去將來時。在since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，動詞一般都用一般過去時，而主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時。如：I will return the book after I have finished reading it.Tom said he would go to Beijing when he graduated from the university.四、狀語從句的倒裝問題狀語從句的倒裝一般有下面幾種情況：否定詞開頭； so加adj.開頭；as /

23、though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。特別注意：Hardly when No sooner than Child as he is, Hardly had he got to the station when the train left.No sooner had he got to the station than the train left.Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages.-7 -1. I ' ll let you knowA. beforeB. becauseC.as soon asD2. She will

24、sing a songshe is asked.A. if 高.考.資.源.風(fēng)B. unlessC.forD4. Read it aloudthe class can hear you.A. so thatB. if 高.考.資.源.風(fēng)C.whenD6. It is about ten yearsI met you last.A. sinceB. forC.whenD8. still half drunk, he made his way home.A. WhenB. BecauseC. ThoughD9. she was very tired, she went on working.A.

25、AsB. AlthoughC.EvenD11. I learned a little RussianI was at middle school.A. thoughB. althoughC.as ifD12. we got to the station, the train had left already.A. IfB. UnlessC.SinceD13. the rain stops, we'll set off for the station.A. BeforeB. UnlessC.As soon asD14. She wastiredshe could not move an

26、inch.A. so, thatB. such, thatC.very, thatD15. We didn't go homewe finished the work.A. sinceB. untilC.becauseD16. I'll stay hereeveryone else comes back.A. even ifB. as thoughC.becauseD17. Although it's raining,are still working in the field.A. theyB. but theyC. and theyD18. Speak to him

27、 slowlyhe may understand you better.A. sinceB. so thatC.forD19. You'll miss the trainyou hurry up.A. unlessB. asC.ifD21. We'd better hurryit is getting dark.A. andB. butC.asD22. I didn't manage to do ityou had explained how.A. untilB. unlessC.whenD23. he comes, we won't be able to go

28、.A. WithoutB. UnlessC.Except高.考.資.源.風(fēng)D24. I hurriedI wouldn't be late for class.A. sinceB. so thatC.as ifDhe comes back.25.I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.although since although as AsIn spite of when When Though so, as though until so they because until unless before Even unlessA. Every

29、timeB. ThoughC. EvenD. Where27. Bring it nearerI may see it better.A. althoughB. even thoughC. so that28. You may arrive in Beijing earlyyou mind taking the night train.D. sinceA. thatB. thoughC. unless29. Helen listened carefullyshe might discover exactly what she needed.D. ifA. in thatB. in order

30、thatC. in case30. More people will eat out in restaurantsthey do today.D.even thoughA. thanB. whenC. whileD. as答案：15 CADAC 610 ABCBA 1115 DDCAB 1620 DABAD 2125 CABBA1. We are watching TVwe caught sight of a friend of ours .2630 BCCBDA. as soon asB. whileC. whenD. once2. The price of diamond rings ha

31、s risen sharplythe price of gold rings has gone down.A. whenB. asC. while3. It is a long time since I last saw you . This sentence meansD. otherwiseA. I had seen you for a long timeB. I have seen you for a long timeC. I haven ' t seen you for a long timeD. I saw you again before long4. reason yo

32、u may give , you ought not to have left homework unfinished.A. WhatB. No matterC. However5. It seemed only several minuteshe finished this painting .D. WhateverA. afterB. beforeC. when6. I ' ll lend you my caryou return it intact.D. untilA. so far asB. as long asC. unless7. The secretary made a

33、note of itshe should forget.D. untilA. in order thatB. in caseC. So that8. No mattersays no to us , we will return to our motherland.D. ever whenA. whoeverB. whoC. what9. It wasthat they planned to have a picnic.D. whateverA. such fine weatherB. so fine a weatherC. such a fine weather as D.10. Smith

34、 has madethat we are all surprised .such a fine weatherA. such much progressB. so fine a progressC. such a great progress as11. We are going to have a barbecueit rains .D. so much progressA. if notB. whenC. except that12. He wouldn't give up smokinghis doctor told him it was a matter of life and

35、 death.D. unlessA. exceptB. afterC. until13. I sent the letter early that morningshe got it that afternoon.D. in caseA. in order thatB. so thatC. for purpose that14. did it , I didn't.D. in order forA. WhoB. WhoeverC. No matter whom15. I know , the computer can never take the place of the human

36、brain.D. No matter whenA. As forB. As long asC. So far for16. I paid only 5 pounds for the book ,I expected it would cost.D. So /As far asA. not as many asB. not so much asC. cheaper thanD.not so expensive6.27.you have got used to it, you' ll like it.A. WhileB. On the

37、 conditionC. OnceWd ll carry the work through , costit may .A. whatB. whenC. wherePersist to the end ,you are the only one left.A. even if/thoughB. butC. howeverHe always talkshe had been to outer space.A. likeB. as if/thoughC. because ofYou' d better come back earlierit is getting colder.A. asB

38、. andC. butHe was walking along the sandshe saw a big foot-print in the sand .A. whileB. whenD. ashe was sleeping , they stole his clothes. A. WhileB. WhenC. AsJack was very tiredhe played tennis all afternoon .A. ifB. as soon asC. becausehe finished his work , he left hurriedly. A. As soon asB. As

39、ifC. UnlessYou' ll surly make progress you work with a strong will.A. unlessB. untilC. as long as,I am sure that he is honest.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.Unless how in spite of as or after Which beforeIn order that as well as28.29.A. No matter people sayB. What people say C. Whatever people sayIt won &#

40、39; t be longyou regret what yove done.A. afterB. beforeC. sinceI'll leave him a notehe' ll know where we are.D. It doesn ' t matter people sayD. then6.A. so thatB. so asC. in orderIt is often said that an American starts a speech with a joke ,a JapaneseA. whichB. what

41、C. whileEat less foodyou want to put on weight.A. ifB. unlessC. untilGuilin is the most beautiful placepeople all over the world want to visit.A. whereB. whichC. whatDid you remember to give herthe book she asked for? I saw her,A. WhileB. SuddenlyC. RightI shall be surprised if he does this the same

42、 wayI do .A. asB. likeC. whichRobert is good at languages ,we all know .A. becauseB. forC. asIt looks. It' s going to rain.D. for has an apology to make.D. thatD. as soon asD. that I remembered.D. The momentD. whatD. since37.A. thatB. ashe is , he will be thinking ofyou .C. as ifD.that38.A. Wher

43、everB. Wherethe film may be , I have no time to see it. A. Although excitingB. No matter excitingC. WhetherC. Even if excitedD.D.WhatHowever exciting-8-39. She was looking for her bicycle keyshe thought she might have put it.A. whereverB. wheneverC. at whichD. no matter where40. One feels it hard to

44、 fit in with a new culturehe has been accustomed to his won culture.A. the moment答案：1.CCCDB IB. whichC. now thatD. as6.BBBBD 11.DCBBD 16.BCAAB21.ABACA 26.CCBAC31.BDDAC 36.CADAD1. It was2.3.4.A. sinceB. ashe said he wasn't hungry , he ate the big breakfast.A. EvenB. UnlessTiredA. ashe was , he de

45、cided not to trouble her.B. althoughyou go , you will be warmly welcomed .A. No matter whereB. No matter what5. Wd ll never give upthey may do or say .6.A. although thatNo matter how hard he worked,B. no matter howC.becauseD. thoughC.AsD. AlthoughC.unlessD. even ifC.WhicheverD. HoweverC.whateverD. h

46、oweverhe was ill that he didn't go to school.-10 -7.I ' ll start early ,I oversleep.A. unlessB. thoughC. ifD. whether8.you begin the work , you must carry it out through to the end.A. WhenB. ThoughC. SometimesD. Once9.I ' ll start early ,it is dark or light .A. howeverC. whetherC. ifD. though10.He is so strongly built that he lookshe could lift an elephant.A. ifB. as ifC. likeD. that11.Allow children the space to voice their opinions,they are different from your own. （05 湖南卷）A. untilB. even ifC. unlessD.