復(fù)習(xí)過去完成時

1、語法復(fù)習(xí)課：過去完成時態(tài)1、概述    過去完成時表示過去某一時間或動作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作。它表示動作發(fā)生的時間是“過去的過去”。表示過去某一時間可用by, before等構(gòu)成的短語，也可用when, before等引導(dǎo)的從句或通過上下代表示。His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the magazine he had long expected. 當(dāng)她終于收到她盼望已久的雜志時，她興奮得兩眼閃光。By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to mak

2、e a living by himself.12歲時，愛迪生就開始自己謀生。2、構(gòu)成     過去完成時由“助動詞had+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。其否定式、肯定式、疑問式如下表：肯定式 had +PP否定式 had+not PP疑問式Had.PP?    注意：had not 常簡略為hadn't。They asked me to have a drink with them and said it was at least ten years since I had enjoyed a good drink. 他們請我和他

3、們一起喝酒，并說我自上次喝酒到現(xiàn)在至少十年了。We had learnt 30 lessons by the end of last month.到上個月末為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了30課。He said we hadnt seen each other since I left Beijing.自從我離開北京，我們還沒見過面。3、過去完成時的用法    過去完成時的主要用法和現(xiàn)在完成時一樣。不同的是，過去完成時把時間推移到了過去某一時間之前，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。（1）過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作以前已經(jīng)完成了的動作。這個過去的時間狀語有by, before等介詞短語或wh

4、en, before等引導(dǎo)的從句。 Helen had left her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband came home. 海倫把鑰匙忘到辦公室里了，因此她不得不等她丈夫回來。When we got to the cinema, the film had already begun.當(dāng)我們到達(dá)電影院時，電影已經(jīng)開始了。He told me that he had visited the Great Wall before.他告訴我他以前參觀過長城。By the end of the match, th

5、ey had kicked 2 goals, and we had kicked 4.比賽結(jié)束時，他們踢進(jìn)了2個球而我們踢進(jìn)了4個球。When Jack arrived he learned Mary had been away for almost an hour.杰克到達(dá)后得知瑪麗走了近一個小時了。（2）表示動作在過去某一時間之前開始，一直延續(xù)到過去的這一時間，而且還可能繼續(xù)下去的動作，常和for, since構(gòu)成的短語或引導(dǎo)的從句連用。The news came as no surprise to me. I had known for some time that the factor

6、y was going to shut down. 聽到這個消息我并不感到吃驚。工廠要倒閉這件事我早就知道了。By the time I left the school, he had taught the class for 3 years.到我畢業(yè)時，他已經(jīng)教那個班三年了。He said he had made great progress since he came here.他說自從他來這里他已經(jīng)取得了很大進(jìn)步。（3）用于表示與過去事實相反的虛擬條件從句或as if從句中表示與過去事實相反If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked

7、 you about it.假如他昨天看到你，他就會問你這件事了。I should have called you if I had known your telephone number.假如我過去知道你的電話號碼，我就給你打電話了。He described the scene as if he had been there.他描繪的景色如同他去過那里一樣。Had I known that you wanted the book, I would have sent it.如果我知道你要這本書，我會送來的。（4）表示假設(shè)的賓語從句放在像said，told，asked，thought，wond

8、ered等過去時動詞的后面，表示在這些動作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的事情。My friend told me that he had passed the exam.我的朋友告訴我，他已通過了考試。He asked me whether I had seen the film the night before.他問我頭一天晚上是否看過那部電影。She wondered who had left the door open.她想知道誰敞著門的。（5）用在 "It was the first/second/thirdtime that”句型中在此句型中，主句用了一般過去時，that引導(dǎo)的定語從

9、句要用過去完成時。This was the first time they had met in thirty-nine years. 這是39年里他們第一次見面。It was the first time we had spoken together. 這是我們第一次在一起說話。（6）intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think等動詞的過去完成時可以表示一個本來打算做而沒有做的事 這種結(jié)構(gòu)也可以表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的設(shè)想、意圖或希望等，含有某種惋惜。I had intended to call on you yesterd

10、ay, but I had an unexpected visitor.我本來昨天打算要去看你，但我來了個不速之客。We had meant to tell her the news but found that she wasnt in.我們本想把這個消息告訴她的，但發(fā)現(xiàn)她不在家。（7）過去完成時常用結(jié)構(gòu)有“hardly, scarcely, barely when, no sooner than等副詞的句子里。She hardly had gone to bed when the bell rang.他剛睡下鈴就響了。No sooner had they left the building

11、 than a bomb exploded.他們剛剛離開大樓，一顆炸彈就爆炸了。（8）當(dāng)before , after, as soon as 等引導(dǎo)的從句里的動作與主句的動作緊接時，由于這些連詞本身已經(jīng)說明了兩個動作發(fā)生的先后關(guān)系，因此兩個動作均可用一般過去時表示。We had breakfast after we did morning exercises.做完早操之后，我們吃早飯。The train started to move just before we reached the station.我們到車站時火車剛開動。As soon as they got there, they s

12、tarted to study.他們一到那里就開始學(xué)習(xí)了。                                             &

13、#160;                      過去完成時練習(xí)1. 單項選擇 1He asked me _A_ during the summer holidays. A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone 2. What _D_ Jane _ by the ti

14、me he was sever? A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done 3. I _C_ 900 English words by the time I was ten。 A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt 4. She _A_lived here for _ years. A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of 5. By the time my parents r

15、eached home yesterday, I _A_ the dinner already. A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked 6. She said she _D_ the principle already A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen 7. She said her family _B_ themselves _ the army during the war. A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from C. has hi

16、dden, with D. had hidden, with 8. By the time he was ten years old, he _D_. A. has completed university B. has completed the university B. had completed an university D. had completed university 9. She had written a number of books _C_ the end of last year. A. for B. in C. by D. at 10. He _B_ to pla

17、y _ before he was 11 years old. A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano. 11. What _D_ Annie _ by the time he was ten? A. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done 12 .He _C_ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army. A. has worked B

18、. works C. had worked D. will work 13. By the end of last week, they _D_ the bridge. A. has completed B. completed C. will complete D. had completed 14. Ben hates playing _D_ violin, but he likes playing _ football. A. athe B. the the C. / the D. the/ 15. By the time he was 4, he _A_ a lot of German

19、 words. A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns 16 .Jim turned off the lights and then _D_ the classroom. A. was left B. had left C. has left D. left 17.They _C_ in Guangzhou since 2000. A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living 18. The train from Beijing_C_ ten minutes ago. A. h

20、as arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived 19. The students _B_ their classroom when the visitors arrived. A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned 20. Fergie_B_ the project in one hour. A. have finished B. will finish C. finishes D. has finished 21. The man _A_

21、his coat and went out. A. put on B. had put on C. will put on D. was putting on 22 My mother_ in that factory at the age of 18. A. had worked B. has worked C. worked D. works 23. Dad _C_ while he _ TV. A .fell asleepwatch B. was falling asleepwatched C. fell asleepwas watching D. had fallen asleepwa

22、tched 2.用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. We _had painted_ (paint) the house before we moved_ (move) in. 2. That rich old man _had made_ (make) a will before he died(die). 3. They _had studyed_ (study) the map of the country before they _left_ (leave). 4. The robbers _had run away_ (run away ) before the policemen arri

23、ved (arrive). 5. I _turned off_ (turn off) all the lights before I _went_ (go) to bed. 6. Paul went (go) out with Jane after he _made _ (make) a phone call. 7. Tom _said_ (say) he had read_ (read) the book twice. 8. Our plan _failed_ (fail ) because we _had made_ (make) a bad mistake. 9. When the ch

24、airman _finished_ (finish) speaking, he _left_ (leave)the hall. 10.The Reads were having (have) lunch when I _got_(get) to their house. 11.When I _arrived_(arrive) at the station, he _had left_(leave). 12.We _had learned_(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term. 13. I waited until he

25、 _finished_(finish) his homework. 14. We were surprised at what she _had_already _done_(do) 15.She _didn't go_(not go) to Qingdao because she _had went_ (go) there before. 16. He _hasn't told (not tell) you the news yet. 17. He said he _had_already_given_(give) the book to the teacher. 18. I

26、 _have been_(be) to Shanghai before. 19. She told me she _had been_(be) to Sanya three times. 20.She _was playing_(play) the guitar while her sister_was singing_(sing). 3句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1I had sold the ticket when she came.（改否定句） I did not have sold the ticket when she came. 2.She had sung a song to us before

27、she danced.（改否定句） She didn't have sung a song to us before she danced. 3.They began to climbed the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink.（否） They did not begin to climbed the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink. 4.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry. （改一般疑問） Ha

28、d you been very hungry by 10:00 am? 5.Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.（改一般疑問） Had lucy already completed the project when I arrived. 6.By the time he got to the airport, the plane had taken off. （改一般疑問） Had th eplane taken off by the time he got to the airport? 7.He had broken

29、his arm when I saw him.（對劃線部分提問） How was he when you saw him? 8.When he had read the note, he ate it. （對劃線部分提問） What did he do when he had the note? 9.Jack didnt go to the cinema because he had seen the film. （對劃線部分提問） Why did Jack not go to the cinema? 10.We had had the toys for ten years before we

30、 gave them to the child. （對劃線部分提問） How long did you have had the toys before you gave them to the child? 11.She had written the book by the end of 1960. （對劃線部分提問） What had she written by the end of 1960? 12.We cooked the dumplings. We ate them up. （用過去完成時連接兩句） We ate the dumplings after we had cooked them. 13.Jims father mended the car. It was broken. （用過去完成時連接兩句） The car had broken before Jim's father manded