外語教學(xué)法自考題-16

1、外語教學(xué)法自考題-16（總分：100.00 ,做題時間：90分鐘）一、B I .Multiple Choice/B（總題數(shù)：20,分?jǐn)?shù)：20.00）I.Halliday claimed that language has meaning.a A. formal and contextual B. functional and structural C. linguistic and non-linguisticdD. descriptive and prescriptive（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A. VB.C.D.解析：解析Halliday認(rèn)為語言的意義有兩種，形式意義和語境意義。2.opened

2、 a laboratory of experimental psychology, which announced the official birth of the science in 1879.a A. Max Wertheimer B. Kut Koffka C. Wilhelm Wundt D. Kurt Lewin（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A.B.C. VD.解析：解析Wilhelm Wundt是德國科學(xué)家，1879年在萊比錫大學(xué)（Leipzig University）建立了第一個實(shí)驗(yàn)心理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，正式宣告了心理學(xué)作為一學(xué)科門誕生了。3.Psychoanalysis is a theory

3、 of the mind put forward by. A. John Watson B. Sigmund Freud C. Jean Piaget D. D.E.Skinner（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A.B. VC.D.解析：解析精神分析法的創(chuàng)始人是Freud。4 .Grammar-Translation Method requires the teaching materials to be arranged according to aA. vocabularybB. translationcC. topicdD. grammar（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A.B.C.D. V解析：解析語法翻譯法的教

4、學(xué)材料是按照語法（grammar）體系安排的。5 .The Berlitz Method which was adopted in the U. S. in 1878 by M. D. Berlitz is one school of the. A.Direct Method B.Oral Method C.Natural ApproachdD.Cognitive Approach（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A. VB.C.D.解析：解析貝利茨法（Berlitz Method） 是由M.D.Berlitz 1878年在美國建立了第一所貝利茨學(xué)校后實(shí)行的語言教學(xué)方法，屬于直接法的一個派別。6.Which

5、method or approach mentions that vocabulary played one of the most important roles in foreign language learning, and learners should learn the most frequently used words?. A.Oral Approach B.Cognitive Approach C.Grammar-Translation Method D.Natural Approach（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A. VB.C.D.解析：解析口語法的倡導(dǎo)者Palmer等語言學(xué)家強(qiáng)調(diào)

6、詞匯在外語學(xué)習(xí)中的重要作用，認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該學(xué) 習(xí)使用頻率最高的詞匯。頻率統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示日常生活中常用詞匯為2000個。7.The theory of language underlying Audiolingualism was derived from structural linguistics represented by.aA. Krashen and TerrelbB. Wilkins and Hymesc C. Bloomfield and Friesd D. Canale and Swain（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A.B.C. VD.解析：解析聽說法的語言理論是結(jié)構(gòu)語言學(xué)，代表人物為 Blo

7、omfld和Fries。8.Chomsky made a difference between grammatical knowledge and the sentences it produced, the former of which allows a native speaker to make sentences in his language and Chomsky called itaA. competence B. performance C. utterancedD. innateness（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A. VB.C.D.解析：解析Chomsky提出所有的本族語掌握的語法

8、規(guī)則是有限的，這些有限規(guī)則可以產(chǎn)生無限的句子， Chomsky把這樣的語法知識稱為"competence",與之相對應(yīng)的是實(shí)際表現(xiàn)出來的語法能力即aperformance"。9.The Cognitive Approach rejected the following views except. A. Language is external to the mind of the individual B. Learning is a process of stimulus and response C. The environment of deliberate

9、 grammar teaching is not an aid to teaching D. Learners play a decisive role in foreign language learning（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A. VB.C.D.解析：解析選項(xiàng)A是從語言學(xué)理論的角度探討語言和個人的關(guān)系，認(rèn)知法認(rèn)為語言不是獨(dú)立于個體人之 外的事物；選項(xiàng)B是屬于行為主義心理學(xué)理論，認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)過程就是習(xí)慣形成的過程，由刺激與反應(yīng)構(gòu)成， 選項(xiàng)C是從教學(xué)方法的層面來看，認(rèn)知法不同于拒絕直接教授語法的聽說法，認(rèn)為專門的語法教學(xué)環(huán)境有 助于提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量；選項(xiàng)D是認(rèn)知法的一個主要特征，即強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)習(xí)者本身。10.

10、The was proposed in 1977 by Tracy Terrel, a teacher of Spanish at the University ofCalifornia.a A. Oral Approachb B. Natural Approachc C. Cognitive Approachd D. Communicative Approach（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A.B. VC.D.解析：解析自然法是加利福尼亞大學(xué)的一名西班牙語老師Tracy Terrel在1977年提出的一種新的語言教學(xué)法。11.are abstract concepts such as existence

11、, space, time, quantity and quality. A. Abstract notions B. General notionsc C. Common notionsd D. Specific notions（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A.B. VC.D.解析：解析Van Ek 和 Alexander 。指出，意念（notions） 可以分為 general notions 和 specific notions 兩種。前者指抽象的概念，比如表達(dá)思想和觀念的詞語、地點(diǎn)、速度、時間等等。后者指具體的情境或場 景，比如旅行、健康、教育、購物、服務(wù)等等。12.The maintains t

12、hat the teacher should be silent as much as possible in the classroomand the learner should be encouraged to produce as much language as possible. A. Total Physical Response B. The Silent Way C. Community Language Learning D. Suggestopaedia（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A.B. VC.D.解析：解析此題考查沉默法的概念。13.advises teachers to co

13、nsider their students as "whole persons". A. The Community Language Learning B. The Silent MethodC. The Cognitive ApproachD. The Communicative Approach（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A. VB.C.D.解析：解析團(tuán)體語言教學(xué)法認(rèn)為教師應(yīng)該將學(xué)生看成完整的個體（whole person）,即教師不僅要考慮學(xué)生的情感和智力，也要考慮學(xué)生身體反應(yīng)、本能反應(yīng)以及學(xué)習(xí)愿望之間的關(guān)系。14.the first language is used in

14、the teaching of the second language in the Grammar-Translation Method. A.A lot of B.A little of C.Little of D.Not any（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A. VB.C.D.解析：解析語法翻譯法主要使用母語教學(xué)。15.Students will be motivated to learn a foreign language when they feel they are learningto do something with the language they study.,A.little

15、B.more C.less D.least（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A.B. VC.D.解析：解析此題考查交際教學(xué)法的內(nèi)容。學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)用外語做事情會增強(qiáng)他們學(xué)習(xí)動機(jī)。16.Which of the following is NOT included in the Natural Approach?. A. The Natural Approach emphasizes natural communication B. The Natural Approach is tolerant of learners' errors C. The Natural Approach pays particul

16、ar attentionto the informal acquisition of languagerulesD. The Natural Approach focuses on grammar study（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A.B.C.D. V解析：解析此題采用排除法。自然法認(rèn)為語法教學(xué)的作用是有限的。17.Gestalt psychology was founded in the 1920s by the following scientists except. A. Max Wertheimer B. Wilhem Wundt C. Kurt Lewin D. Kut Koffka（分?jǐn)?shù)

17、：1.00）A.B. VC.D.解析：解析此題采用排除法，選項(xiàng) B Wilhelm Wundt是德國科學(xué)家，1879年在萊比錫大學(xué)（Leipzig University）建立了第一個實(shí)驗(yàn)心理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，正式宣告了心理學(xué)作為一門學(xué)科誕生了。18.The monitor theory was put forward by in the late 1970s. A. Rod Ellis B. Michael McCarthy C. Tracy Terrel D. Stephen Krashen（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A.B.C.D. V解析：解析監(jiān)控理論是20世紀(jì)70年代末由Krashen提出，在美國的外語

18、或二語習(xí)得教學(xué)領(lǐng)域頗具影響 力。19 .The teacher has to possess level of language competence because she is the main source of input in the Communicative Approach. A. a very low B. an intermediate C. an ordinary D. a very high（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A.B.C.D. V解析：解析交際教學(xué)法要求教師具有很高的語言水平，因?yàn)榻處熓钦n堂語言輸入的主要來源，而且要和學(xué)生進(jìn)行大量的交流互動。20 .What can be

19、 introduced as a means of consolidation and evaluation in the Direct Method?aA.Fill-in-the-blankbB.Dictation C.Writing D.Reading（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）A.B.C. VD.解析：解析此題考查直接法包含的教學(xué)技巧。寫作活動在此法中可以用來鞏固和評價學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)情況。二、B n .Filling Blanks/B（總題數(shù)：20,分?jǐn)?shù)：20.00）21.Based on the anthropologists' fieldwork and his own research,

20、 Bloomfield concluded that the proper object of linguistics was 1.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）填空項(xiàng)1: （正確答案：speech）解析：解析Bloomfield基于之前人類學(xué)家的實(shí)地研究和自己的研究，總結(jié)出語言學(xué)應(yīng)該研究的是言語（speech）。22 .According to Halliday, the substance, one of the three primary levels, refers to the 1 of language which can be phonic or graphic.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）填空項(xiàng)1:

21、 （正確答案： material ）解析：解析Halliday 早在1961年就指出語言可以從三個基本層次分析：substance , form以及context ,其中substance指語言的物質(zhì)表現(xiàn)，可以是語音也可以是字形。23 .Malinowski arrived at the conclusion after his ethnographic researchers amongsome Melanesian tribes of Eastern NewGuinea that the meaning of any single word is to a very high degree

22、 dependent on its 1.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）填空項(xiàng)1: （正確答案：context ）解析：解析Malinowski在新幾內(nèi)亞對馬來西亞部落的語言進(jìn)行研究時發(fā)現(xiàn)翻譯該部落的語言是非常困 難的，因此，他不得不借助另外一些知識來推斷意思，比如一句話是在什么情況下說的，以及當(dāng)?shù)匚幕?背景。由此，他得出的結(jié)論是任一單詞的意思在很大程度上是依賴其語境（context）的，脫離語境的一句話就是沒有意義的。24 .The purpose of Learning Latin before 18th century was to study classical culture and to tr

23、ain the mind by 1 analysis of the classical language.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）填空項(xiàng)1: （正確答案：logical ）解析：解析學(xué)習(xí)拉丁語的目的是學(xué)習(xí)古典文化遺跡，通過對古典語言的邏輯（logical）分析來訓(xùn)練思維。25 .The Direct Method believes in the 1 process of language learning and in the inductive teaching, of grammar.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）填空項(xiàng)1: （正確答案：natural ）解析： 解析 直接法認(rèn)為語言學(xué)習(xí)是個自然（natur

24、al） 的過程，因此教授語法是歸納性（inductive） 的。26 .The Direct Method aims at developing the students' ability to 1 in the target language.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：communicate ）解析： 解析 直接法目的是發(fā)展學(xué)生用目標(biāo)語交際的能力。27 .The Oral Approach is a 1 method in which principles of grammatical and lexical gradation are used and new

25、teaching points presented and practiced through meaningful situation-based activities.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：grammar-based ）解析： 解析 口語法是以語法為基礎(chǔ)的一種語言教學(xué)方法，根據(jù)語法和詞匯分級的原則，通過有意義的基于情境 （situation-based） 的活動展示并練習(xí)新的教學(xué)點(diǎn)。28 . 1 was Palmer's, the representative of the Oral Approach, core methodological princip

26、le.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：Habit-formation ）解析： 解析 Palmer 1921 年 The Principles of language Study 一書中就提出語言教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)的基本原則，其中核心方法論原則是來源于行為主義的習(xí)慣形成（habit-formation） 。29 .According to the Audiolingual Method, language samples can be 1 described at any structural level.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：exhaustively ）解析：

27、解析 聽說法認(rèn)為我們可以無窮盡地（exhaustively） 在任何結(jié)構(gòu)層面上描述語言。30 .The Audiolingual Method maintains that the major objective of language teaching should be for the students to acquire the 1 patterns.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：structural ）解析： 解析 聽說法認(rèn)為語言教學(xué)的主要目標(biāo)就是讓學(xué)生掌握語言的結(jié)構(gòu)形式。31 .Chomsky claimed that every normal human bein

28、g was born with a/an 1, which included basic knowledge about the nature and structure of human language.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：LAD）解析：解析LAD的全稱為Language Acquisition Device, Chomsky認(rèn)為每個人生來就有LAD,包括對人類語言本質(zhì)和結(jié)構(gòu)的最基本的知識。LAD可以用來解釋為什么兒童的母語習(xí)得可以在相對很短的時間只憑借接觸 （exposure） 即可完成。32 .The objective according to cognit

29、ive proponents is to develop the students' ability to thepoint at which they have a 1 control over the rules that allow native speakers to create the language necessary to communicate.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：minimum）解析： 解析 認(rèn)知法倡導(dǎo)者認(rèn)為語言教學(xué)的目標(biāo)是學(xué)生的語言能力發(fā)展到盡可能少地關(guān)注本族語者用來創(chuàng)造必要語言交流的規(guī)則，也就是說，他們能夠?qū)χ皬臎]見過的語言形成自己

30、的回答。33 .Meaningful learning proposed by the Cognitive Approach draws on the students' 1 which will make learning more effective.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：experience ）解析： 解析 認(rèn)知法強(qiáng)調(diào)有意義的學(xué)習(xí)，有意義的學(xué)習(xí)可以結(jié)合學(xué)生的經(jīng)驗(yàn)從而使學(xué)習(xí)更有效。34 .The core of the Natural Approach is language acquisition which is considered a 1 proce

31、ss.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：subconscious ）解析：解析自然法的核心是語言習(xí)得，語言習(xí)得（acquisition）與語言學(xué)習(xí)不同，前者是一個學(xué)習(xí)者潛意識作用的過程。35 .According to Krashen, 1 refers to the subconscious process leading to the development of competence and is not dependent on the teaching of grammatical rules.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：acquisition ）解析：解

32、析Krashen將學(xué)習(xí)（1earning）和習(xí)得（acquisition）加以區(qū)分，其中習(xí)得是通過潛意識的學(xué)習(xí)過程獲得語言能力的發(fā)展，而不依靠語法規(guī)則的教學(xué)。36 .Functional linguistics is concerned with language as an instrument of social 1 rather than as a system that is viewed in isolation.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：interaction ）解析：解析功能語言學(xué)將語言看作社會交流的工具，而不是分離的單獨(dú)的系統(tǒng)。37 .According to

33、 David Nunan, the introduction of 1 texts into the learning situation is one ofthe main characteristics of the Communicative Approach. （分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）填空項(xiàng)1: （正確答案：authentic ）解析：解析David Nunan總結(jié)交際教學(xué)法的特征時指出，外語教學(xué)應(yīng)當(dāng)使用真實(shí)（authentic）的語境。38 .The Communicative Approach advocates the 1 of four skills and hold that th

34、e skills are rarely used in isolation outside the classroom in a real sense.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：integration ）解析：解析交際法提倡綜合教授四種語言技巧。39.In cognitive psychology, 1 refers to the process by which new items are added to a concept or schema.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：assimilation ）解析：解析根據(jù)Piaget的認(rèn)知心理學(xué)理論，兒童通過與周

35、圍環(huán)境互動獲得的圖式（schema）和概念（concept）要借助兩個過程，即同化過程 （assimilation） 和適應(yīng)過程（accommodation）。其中，同化過程 （assimilation）指的是新的語言項(xiàng)目添加到原本頭腦中已存的概念（concept）或者圖式（schema）的過程。40 .The discourse theory insists that the natural order of second language acquisition is the result of the learner's learning to make discourse 1.

36、（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案：interactions ）解析：解析語篇理論認(rèn)為，二語習(xí)得的自然順序是學(xué)習(xí)者學(xué)習(xí)語篇互動（interaction） 的結(jié)果。三、Bm.Matching/B（總題數(shù)：2,分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）Directions: This section consists of two groups of pairs listed in two columns, A and B. You are to match the marked，or in Column A with the one marked a, b, c, d, ore in Column B. One

37、 point is given to each pair you match correctly.A. The purposeB. Techniques used in the Natural Approacha. to get the students to learn something new other than language reference rankingb. to involve students in communicating informationabout themselves problem -solving activitiesc. to discuss and

38、 solve the problem or finding thedesired information individual reports and presentationsd. to provide an important experience in the acquisitionprocess gamese. to allow early use of the target language withoutplacing little demand on the individual student volunteered group responses（分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00）填空項(xiàng)1:

39、（正確答案：-b）解析：填空項(xiàng)1: （正確答案：-c）解析：填空項(xiàng)1: （正確答案：-a）解析：填空項(xiàng)1: （正確答案：-d）解析：填空項(xiàng)1: （正確答案：-e）解析：A. The advantagesB. FLTMa. It makes language teaching possible to large groups of learners. The Grammar-Translation Methodb. It helps comprehension and production of writtenlanguage. The Direct Methodc. It is the fir

40、st attempt to establish theoretical principles. The Oral Approachd. It is more suitable for adult language learners. The Audiolingual Methode. It helps students form the habit of thinking in the target language. The Cognitive Approach（分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00）填空項(xiàng)1: （正確答案：-b）填空項(xiàng)1: （正確答案：-e）填空項(xiàng)1: （正確答案：-c） 解析：填空項(xiàng)1: （正

41、確答案：-a） 解析：填空項(xiàng)1: （正確答案：-d）解析：四、B IV .Questions fo r Brief Answers/B（總題數(shù)：6,分?jǐn)?shù)：30.00）41 .List at least five techniques used in Grammar-Translation Method.（分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00 ）正確答案：（A Grammar-Translation teacher usually uses the following techniques to help realizethe course objectives: reading, translation, dedu

42、ctive teaching of grammar, analysis and comparison, memorization, reading comprehension questions, and written work.）解析：42 .What are the objectives of language teaching according to the Direct Method?（分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00 ）正確答案：（ To foster students' ability to communicate in the target language. To enablestu

43、dents to think in the target language. To train the four skills. To achieve correctpronunciation.）解析：43 .Why should the situation be given before presenting language patterns in Oral Approach?（分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00 ）正確答案：（Because it is easier for the students to internalize the grammatical rules with thehelp of s

44、ituation provided.）解析：44 .List at least three guidelines for classroom practice set up by the Natural Approach.（分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00 ）正確答案：（ The goal of the Natural Approach is communication skills. Comprehension precedesproduction. Production emerges. Acquisition activities are essential. Lower the affective fi

45、lter.）解析：45 .What are the "three-centered" Russian methodological principles in the 1950s and 1960s in China? （分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00 ）正確答案：（The Russian methodological principles were classroom-centered, teacher-centered andtextbook-centered.）解析：46 .There are seven functions that language performs for ch

46、ildren learning their first language described by Halliday. List at least five of them.（分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00 ）正確答案：（Language can be used to get things; to control the behavior of others; to creatinteraction with others; to express personal feelings; to learn and to discover; to create a world of the imagination

47、and to communicate information.）解析：五、B V .Questions for Long Answers/B（ 總題數(shù)： 2,分?jǐn)?shù)：20.00）47 .List at least five techniques typically adopted in an Audiolingual Classroom and explain them briefly.（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00 ）正確答案：（ Repetition drill: This drill is often used to teach the lines of the dialogue. Students

48、are asked to repeat the teacher's model as accurately and as quickly as possible. Substitution drill: The students repeat the line from the dialogue which the teacher has given them,substituting the cue into the line in its proper place. Question and answer drill: The drillgives students practice with answeringquestions. Expansion drill: This drill helps studentsto produce longer sentences bit by bit, gradually achieving fluency. Clause com