英語語法專項：現(xiàn)在完成時練習(xí)題及答案(教師版)

1、時態(tài)講解：現(xiàn)在完成時(1)構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時由助動詞have+過去分詞構(gòu)成，助動詞have有人稱和數(shù)的變化。第三人稱單數(shù)用has,其余用have.現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式直接在助動詞后面加上not、疑問式是把助動詞提到主語之前。以study為例，其否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下：否定式疑問式Ihavenot(haven't)studiedHaveIstudied?Youhavenot(haven't)studiedHaveyoustudied?Hehasnot(hasn't)studiedHashestudied?否定疑問式簡單回答(肯定/否定)HaveInot(Haven&

2、#39;tI)studiedYes,youhave.No,youhaven，tHaveyounot(Haven'tyou)studied?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven，t.Hashenot(Hasn'the)studied-Yes,hehas.No,hehasn，t.(2)用法：1)現(xiàn)在完成時通常表示在說話之前已經(jīng)完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。說話人強(qiáng)調(diào)的是該動作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果或影響。Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女兒剛出去。I'msurewe'vemetbelOrB定我們以前見過面。Shehasarrived.她至U了。2)表示持

3、續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，往往和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的表示一段時間的狀語連用，如recently,already,just,lately,for，sinCe。如:,yetIhaven'theardfromhertheseday瞄些日子我沒有收至U她的信。Wehaven'tseenyourecently.最近我們沒有見到你。Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他們離開已經(jīng)兩年了。ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.注意：1)since和for的區(qū)別since后接時間點，如1993,lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgotthere。

4、for后接一段時間，表示長達(dá)多久”，如tenyears,awhile,twodays等。Exercise:用since和for填空1.JimhasbeeninIrelandMonday.3.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia15days.7o'clock.5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry1974.2.JillhasbeeninIrelandthreedays.4.Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere6.Thebusislate.They'vebeenwaiting20minutes.7.Nobo

5、dylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenemptymanyyears.8.Mikehasbeenillalongtime.HehasbeeninhospitalOctober.2)表示短暫意義的動詞如arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die等，在完成時當(dāng)中不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用，因為它們表示的動作不可能持續(xù)。因此，不能說：Hehascomeherefor2weeks.xTheoldmanhasdiedfor4months.xTheyhaveleftonlyfor5minutes.x以上三句話可以改為：Hehasbeenher

6、efor2weeks.Theoldmanhasfor4months.Theyhaveonlyfor5minutes.3)have(has)been和have(has)gone的區(qū)另表示曾到過某地"要用"have(has)been表示；巴經(jīng)去某地”要用“have(has)gone。試比較：Wherehashebeen?他剛才到哪里去了？(已經(jīng)回來了)Wherehashegone?他上哪兒去了？(人不在)TheyhavebeentoCanada.他們到過加拿大。(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在加拿大)TheyhavegonetoCanada.他們到加拿大去了。(可能在路上和已經(jīng)到加拿大)4)現(xiàn)在

7、完成時不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein,但可以和already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等連用。例如：Shehasalreadycome.她已經(jīng)來了。Ihaven'treadityet我還沒讀過這個。Ihavemethimbefore.我從前曾見過他。MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.馬紅一直是個好學(xué)生。Ihaveoftensee

8、nhiminthestreet.我經(jīng)常在街上看見他。TheyhaveneverbeentoYan'岫們從未去過延安。Ihaven'tseenhimlately.我近來沒看到他。IrregularVerbsBaseFormPastFormPastParticiplebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddon

9、edrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflowngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinksank/sun

10、ksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewroteam,iswasbeenarewerebeenExercise:I.Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.2.he(finish)his4.Where'sLiMing?He6.SofarI8.Ijust10.you(find)12.Thestudents14.Mymother1.Ialready(see)thefilm.I(see)itlastweek.worktoday?Notyet.3.Myfatherjust(come)backfromwork.Heis

11、tirednow.(go)totheteacher'soffice.5.I(work)heresinceI(move)herein1999.(make)quiteafewfriendshere.7.HowlongtheWangs(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.(finish)myhomework.9.He(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.yoursciencebookyet?11.Ifit(be)finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.13.Look!Themon

12、key(climb)thetree.(come)toseemenextSunday.15.I'velostmypen.you(see)itanywhere?II.Choosethebestanswer.1. Howlonghaveyouhere?A.comeB.gotC.arrivedD.been2. Mygrandpadied.A.attheageofmy2B.for2yearsC.whenIwas2.D.myagewas6.3. JanehastoBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.beenB.goneC.wentD.neverbeen4. Itis

13、tenyearsIlastsawher.A.afterB.sinceC.forD.that5. -WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?-Iwill.Iherseveraltimes.A.metB.havemetC.hadmetD.willmeet6. -Whatanicedress!Howlongyouit?-Just2weeks.A.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,havingD.have,had7. -DoyouknowLydiaverywell?-Yes,SheandIfriendssincewewereveryyoung.A.havemade

14、B.havebecomeC.havebeenD.haveturned8. TheSmithsinChinafor8years.A.haslivedB.livedC.havebeenD.live9. -Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black?-Sorry.HetheBainiaoPark.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.wenttoD.willgoto10. -youevertotheUS?-Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,beenC,Do,goD.were,goingIII.Rewritethes

15、entences.1. IhavebeentoMacaubefore.（改為否定句）IbeentoMacaubefore.2. Hehasn'tcometoschool.because.he.wasMl戈（線部分提問）hecometoschool?3. Iboughanewbikejustnow.（用just改寫）Ijustanewbike.4. WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.（改為同義句）WeEnglishthreeyears5. Hehasneversurfed,?（改成反意疑問句）6. Theyhavebeenheresince.20.00

16、.（對劃線部分提問）havetheybeenhere?7. Theoldmanlastyear.Hehasforayear.（die）（動詞填空）8. MissGaoleftanhourago.（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）MissGaohasanhourago.IV.Askthequestions1） Ihavebeentherefortwodays.you?2） Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.yourfather?3） Helefthereyesterday.he?4） Theyboughtabooktwohoursago.theyabook?tofillintheblank

17、s.Use"never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since1. Ihaveseenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2. Jackhasfinishedhishomework.3. Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschooltenyears.4. “Haveyouseenthefilm?""No,Ihaveseenit.5. “Hasthebusleft?”“Yes,ithasleft.”現(xiàn)在完成時練習(xí)題及答案一、翻譯下列句子：1.你曾經(jīng)吃過魚和薯條嗎？3 .我以前從來沒去過那個農(nóng)場。5 .你

18、已經(jīng)看過這部電影了嗎？7 .這本字典我已買了三年了。9 .我認(rèn)識他們五年了。11.自從他搬到濟(jì)寧，他就住這兒了。13.自從1999年以來他們就認(rèn)識。2.我剛剛丟了我的化學(xué)書。4.他已經(jīng)吃過午飯6.我哥哥還沒回來。8.他離開中國三年了。10.他們已去了美國五年了。12.我妹妹成為一個大學(xué)生已經(jīng)三年。14.我來到這個學(xué)校已3年多了。二、用since和for填空1 .twoyears4.19992 .twoyearsago6.4o'clock3.lastmonth5.yesterday8 .anhourago9 .wewerechildren10.lunchtime12. Hehaslive

19、dinNanjingtheyearbeforelast.13. I'vknownhimwewerechildren.threeyears.15. Shehasbeenawayfromthecityabouttenyears.leftthecity.74hours11.shelefthere14.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese16.It'sabouttenyearsshe三、結(jié)束性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語。arriveat/insp/getto/reachsp/come/go/movetospfbeinsp/atschool/

20、athome/onthefarm/behere/bethere1) HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.HeBeijingfor.2) ImovedtotheUSAin2008.ItheUSAsince.3) Iwenthomeyesterday.Ihomefor4) Theycameherelastweek.Theyheresincecometo/gobackto/returntofbebacktogooutfbeout1) Hecameouttwoyearsago.Hefor.2) WereturntoBeijingyesterday.WetoBeijingsince

21、becomefbe1) Ibecameateacherin2000.Iateacherfor2) Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriverdirtyforclosefbeclosedopenfbeopen1) Theshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshopfor2) Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoorforsixhours.getupfbeupdiefbedeadleavesp.fbeawayfromsp.fallasleep/gettotsleepibeistslfeepdfbeovearrryfbe

22、married1) Igotuptwohoursago.Isince.2) HeleftShanghaijustnow.HeShanghaiforfiveminutes.3) Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpafor.4) Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeetingforsixhours.5) Igottosleeptwohoursago.Isince.6) Theymarriedin1990.Theysince.start/begintodosth.；-bedinsthr»beon1) Ibegantoteachatthisscho

23、olin1995.Iatthisschoolsince.2) Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilmfor.borrowfkejeplosefnothavebuyfhave;putonfwearcatch/getacoldfhaveageldoknowfknow1) Theyborroweditlastweek.Theyitsince.2) Iboughtapentwohoursago.Iapenfor.3) Igottoknowhimlastyear.Ihimsince.4) Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.Imyglassesforha

24、ve/hasgonetofhavebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.HeBeijingfortwodays.jointheleague/theParty/thearmyfbealeaguemember/aPartymember/asoldierfbeamemberoftheleague/thePartyfbeintheleague/theParty/thearmy1) Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.Heafortwoyears.Heathefortwoyears.Hetheleaguefortwoyears.2) Mybrotherjoinedthearmyt

25、woyearsago.MybrotheraforMybrotherinfortwoyears.四、劃線提問1) Ihavebeentherefortwodays.you?2) Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.yourfather?3) Helefthereyesterday.he?4) Theyboughtabooktwohoursago.theyabook五、用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A: WhereLiFei?B: HetoHainanIsland.A: Howlonghethere?B: Hethereforthreeday

26、s.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?C: I'mafraidhewon'tcomebackrecently.A: CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B: Sorry,Ineverthere.A: HowmanytimesLiFeitothatplace?B: Hethereonlyonce.六、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各種形式填空。1) WhereisJack?Hehiscountry.2) Davidtheparkjustnow.3) JohnEnglandsinceh

27、ecameback.4) Howlongtheythisvillage?5) TheSmithsBeijingforyears.6)youeverAmerica?-Yes,Itheremanytimes.7) Ithisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8) WhereisJim?Hethefarm.9) Whenhe?Heanhourago.10) Wouldyouliketotothezoowithme?-Yes,butItherebefore.11) Whereyounow?-Itothezoo.12) Heoftenswimming.13)youtherelastyea

28、r?14)theyoftenskatinginwinter?七用never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since填空1. Ihaveseenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2. Jackhasfinishedhishomework.3. Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschooltenyears.4. “Haveyouseenthefilm?""No,Ihaveseenit.5. “Hasthebusleft?”“Yes,ithasleft.”八.用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r態(tài)填空：1.She's(live)he

29、reeversinceshewasten.2.Bothofthem(be)inHongkongfortendays.3.Bothofthem(come)toHongkongtendaysago.4. Halfanhour(pass)sincethetrain(leave).5. Mary(lose)herpen.you(see)ithereandthere?6. you(find)yourwatchyet?7. -Areyouthirsty?-NoIjust(have)someorange.8. Wealready(return)thebook.9. they(build)anewschool

30、inthevillage?10. I(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme?11. Myfather(read)thenoveltwice.12. I(buy)abookjustnow.13. I(lost)mywatchyesterday.14. Myfather(read)thisbooksinceyesterday.答案一.翻譯下列句子：1.Haveyoueverhad/eatenfishandchips?3. Ihaveneverbeentothefarmbefore.2.Ihavejustlostmychemistrybook.4. Hehasalrea

31、dyhadlunchHehashadlunchalready.5. Haveyouseenthemovieyet?brotherhasnreturnedyet.6. Mybrotherhasncome/get/beenbackyetMy7. Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.threeyears.9. Ihaveknownthemforfiveyears.10. TheyhavebeenintheUSAforfiveyears.11. HehasbeenheresincehemovedtoJining.12. Mysi

32、sterhasbeenacollegestudentforthreeyears=Mysisterhas13. Theyhaveknowneachothersince1999.14. Ihavebeeninthisschoolforoverthreeyears.8.HasbeenawayfromChinaforbeenincollegeforthreeyears.二、用since或者for填空1.for6.since11.since2. since7.for12.since3. since8since13.since4. since9.since14.for5. since10.since15.

33、for16.since三、結(jié)束性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語1.hasbeenin,fiveminutes2. havebeenin,20083. havebeenat,twodays4. havebeen,lastweek1.havebeenout,twoyears2.havebeenback,yesterday1.havebeen,nineyears2.hasbeen,twoyears1.hasbeenclosed,twohours2.hasbeenopen1.havebeenup,twohoursago2. hasbeenawayfrom3. hasbeendead,sevenyears4. hasbeenover5. havebeenasleep,twohoursago6. havebeenmarried,19901.havetaught,19952.hasbeen