非謂語動詞表格形式

1、【精品文檔】如有侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除，僅供學(xué)習(xí)與交流非謂語動詞表格形式.精品文檔.非謂語動詞一 動詞不定式1. 動詞不定式的構(gòu)成：to + 動詞原形（這里的to是不定式符號，本身無詞義） 否定：not+ (to +) 動詞原形2. 動詞不定式的句法功能功能例句說明主語To speak English is not easy for us. = It is not easy for us to speak English. 作主語用的不定式，常常用it作形式主語，而把不定式放在后面，其結(jié)構(gòu)為:It+be+adj.+(for/of sb.)+動詞不定式表語My work is to clean t

2、he room every day. = To clean the room every day is my work. 多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語，可轉(zhuǎn)換為作主語賓語What sports does he like to play? He likes to play basketball. 只能作某些動詞的賓語，一般不做介詞的賓語賓補(bǔ)My mother made me play the piano all the time.在make, let, see, hear, watch等使役動詞后，不定式省略to定語Have you got anything to say?不定式做定語，要放在所修飾

3、詞的后面狀語Im sorry to trouble you. 不定式作狀語，其邏輯主語要和句子的主語一致1.to do 作主語常用it 作形式主語例： To learn English well is useful. It is useful（for us）to learn English well. 注意：在kind, good, nice, clever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for而用of.2.一些表示命令，打算或希望的動詞后只接動詞不定式作賓語：would like, like（想要）, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, except等。例：Woul

4、d you like too see a film this evening?3.在find, think后跟動詞不定式作賓語時，常用it代替，而將真正的賓語放在句末。例：I find it easy to read English every day. 4.常見的一些不帶to 的動詞不定式作賓語Why not do , why dont you do, had better (not) do, would rater do, could/ would/ will you please (not) do 例： I would rather stay in the room. 5.一些使役動詞和

5、感官動詞用不定式作賓語，但to要省略。一感（fell）、二聽（hear, listen to）、三讓（let/ make/ let）、四看（look at, see, watch, notice）、五幫助（help）,但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)是必須加上to. 例：My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss.6.不定式常和疑問詞what,which,when,where,how連用，相當(dāng)于一個賓語從句。二 動名詞1. 動名詞的構(gòu)成： 動詞原形+-ing2. 動名詞的句法功能功能例句說明主語Eating too much is bad f

6、or your health.謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式賓語動詞賓語I like playing basketball very much.表示一般的習(xí)慣或抽象行為或經(jīng)常性動作介詞賓語Stamps are used for sending letters. 表語His hobby is collecting stamps= Collecting stamps is his hobby. 多數(shù)情況下，動名詞作表語可裝換成做主語定語She is in the reading room. 只表明它所修飾的詞的用途、所屬關(guān)系等。至置于所修飾詞之前常跟動名詞作賓語的詞：完成實(shí)踐值得忙（finish, pract

7、ice, be worth, be busy） 繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄（keep on, be used to, give up） 考慮建議不禁想（consider, suggest, cant help, feel like） 喜歡思念要介意（enjoy, miss, mind）三 分詞1. 構(gòu)成： 動詞+ -ing 動詞 + -ed 2. 分詞的句法功能功能例句說明定語Do you know the girl standing under the tree?Please hand in your written exercise.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，其邏輯主語就是它所修飾的詞；過去分詞作定語，其邏輯賓

8、語就是它所修飾的詞。狀語The students went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. Seen from the hill, out school looks more beautiful. 分詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語表語The situation is encouraging.The boy is too frightened to move. 現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征；過去分詞表示某種狀態(tài)（也就是我們常說的人用-ed，物用-ing.）補(bǔ)足語Dont keep us waiting for a long time.I hear

9、d him singing in the classroom. Hell have his hair cut after school. 現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語，被補(bǔ)足的賓語或主語是它的邏輯主語（即主動關(guān)系）；過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語，被補(bǔ)足的賓語或主語是它的邏輯賓語（即被動關(guān)系）四 易混清單1. 動詞后接不定式和動名詞的區(qū)別 stop to do sth. 停下來去做 stop doing sth. 停止做 remember to do sth. 記住要做某事（動作未發(fā)生）remember doing sth. 記得曾經(jīng)做過某事（動作已發(fā)生）forget to do sth. 忘記做某事（動作未發(fā)生）Fo

10、rget doing sth. 忘記做過某事（動作已發(fā)生）try to do sth. 努力去做某事Try doing sth. 試著去做某事go on to do sth. 做完一件事，接著去做另一件事go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)不停地做某事allow doing sth. 允許做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事regret to do sth. 對要做的事感到遺憾（未做）Regret doing sth. 對做過的事感到遺憾，后悔（已做）mean to do sth. 打算，想做某事 mean doing sth. 意味著做某事二 現(xiàn)在分詞和動詞不定式

11、作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別我們常見的動詞有see, watch, notice, hear, feel, have等，它們接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)，表示已經(jīng)完成了的經(jīng)常性的動作；接現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)，表示動作正在進(jìn)行著。例： I heard him singing in the classroom. (“唱”這個動作正在進(jìn)行) I heard him sing in the classroom. (“唱”這個動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束) 三 Need, require, want 做“需要”解時，后加動名詞主動式等于加不定式的被動式。例： The window needs cleaning. The window

12、needs to be cleaned. want to be done=want doingneed to be done=need doingrequire to be done=require doing四 現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別1. 在語態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動，過去分詞表示被動（修飾人用-ed，修飾物用-ing）。例： the surprising news 令人驚訝的消息 a surprised man 一個感到驚訝的人2. 在時間上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動作，過去分詞表示已近完成的動作。 例： the developing country 發(fā)展中國家 the developed

13、 country 發(fā)達(dá)國家五 注意下列“to” 是介詞，不是動詞不定式。make (a) contribution(s) to 為作貢獻(xiàn)devote to 獻(xiàn)身，致力于look forward to 期盼，盼望prefer to兩者間更喜歡be used to 習(xí)慣.;適應(yīng)1. Granny often tells us _ water in our daily life. A. saveB. savingC. to save D. saves 2. Richard turned off the computer after he had finished _the email. A. wri

14、te B. to write C. writing D. wrote3. Before going to the History Museum, our teacher told us _ the public rules.A. obeyB. to obeyC. obeyingD. obeyed4. James, Im too tired. Lets stop _ a rest. A. havingB. haveC. to havingD. to have 5. We can use QQ to chat with other on the Internet. Really? Will you

15、 please show me _it?A. how to useB. what to useC. how can I useD. what can I use6. Wheres your brother now, Bob? I saw him _in the street a moment ago and I told him _.A. playing; dont do soB. playing; not do so C. play; to do so 7. Hi, Steve! Our teachers told us_ an electric bike. Its too dangerou

16、s. Im sorry. I wont do it again. A. to rideB. not rideC. not to ride 8. As teenagers, were old enough _ with housework. We can help set the table, wash the dishes and clean our own rooms. A. to help B. helpingC. helped 9. Mary dances best in our school. I agree. Ill never forget _ her dance for the

17、first time.A. seeingB. to seeC. seeD. seen10. Chinese athletes did a great job in the Winter Olympics in Canada. It can encourage post-90s(90后)_.A. work hard B. worked harderC. working harderD. to work hard 11. Dont forget _ an umbrella _you. Its going to rain.A. to take; toB. taking; to C. to take;

18、 withD. taking; with12. Nancy is really a hard working student. We often see her _ books in the classroom. A. readB. to readC. reads13. Are you going to the party_ at Smiths home this evening? I will if I am free.A. holdingB. heldC. to holdD. to be held14. Mrs. Smith made her students _ the composit

19、ions three times a week.A. write B. to write C. writtenD. writing15. Danny did all kinds of things to make the baby _. A. to stop cryingB. stop cryingC. to stop to cry D. stop to cry 16. We have two rooms _, but I cant decide _.A. to live; to choose which one B. lived; choose which oneC. to lived in

20、; which one to chose D. live; which one 17. The teacher told the students _ any food into the computer room.A. not to bringB. not bring C. dont bring D. bring not 18. At least 300 million people are using QQ _ by Ma Huateng to chat on line.A. creat B. creates C. creating D. created 19. The teacher a

21、sked Ben _ a difficult question in class.A. answer B. answering C. to answer D. answered 20. Youd better _ too much time playing computer games. A. dont spendB. not to spend C. to not spend D. not spend 21. More and more young people are trying to do something _ the old.A. served B. to serve C. serv

22、eD. serves 22. Is Jack in the library? Maybe. I saw him _ out with some books just now. A. goingB. go C. to go D. went 23 Dad, why should I stop _ computer games? For your health, my boy, Im afraid you_.A. to play; must B. playing; have to C. to play; can D. playing; may 24. Have you seen the TV pla

23、y My Ugly Mother? Yes, its well worth _. Its _ moving that Ive seen it twice. A. seeing; too B. to see; enoughC. seeing; so D. to see; such25. Why not _ your teacher for help when you cant finish _ it by yourself?A. ask; write B. to ask; writingC. ask; writing D. asking; writing 26. If people _ cutt

24、ing down the forest, they will have nowhere_.A. keep; to live in B. will keep; to live in C. keep; to live D. will keep; to live27. His parents often encourage him _ hard. A. work B. workingC. to work D. works 28. Last week I met my old friend Li Ming but I forgot _ him for his telephone number.A. a

25、sk B. askingC. and ask D. to ask 29. Last weekend I went to the library _ some books on how to protect environment. A. to borrow B. borrowC. borrowed D. borrowing 30. How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up? It makes me _ very proud.A. felt B. to feel C. feeling D. feel 31. The boy pr

26、omised _ late for school again.A. to not be B. not to be C. not being D. being not 32. Its very nice_ pictures for me.A. of you do draw B. for you to draw C. for you drawingD. of you drawing 33. China will spend about 52 billion yuan _ new airports and _ old ones in the west of China in the 11th Five Year Plan period. (時期)A. repairing; building B. to build; repair C. building; repairing D. to repair; build 34. There a