小學(xué)英語語法梳理并附練習(xí)題

1、小學(xué)英語語法要點及習(xí)題 一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)那么1 . 一般情況下，直接力卩-s ,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以 s. x. sh. ch 結(jié)尾，加 -es ，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 .以 輔 音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es ,女口： family-families, strawberry-strawberries4. 以“或fe結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5. 不規(guī)那么名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,woman-wom

2、en,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 寫出以下各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I him this her watch child photo diary dayfootbookdress tooth sheep boxstrawberry thief yo-yo peachsandwich manwomanpaper juicewatermi

3、lkricetea二、一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時根本用法介紹 【No. 1 】一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue. 天空是藍色的。2. 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day. 我每天六點起床。3. 表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如： The earth goes around the sun. 地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。 一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成1. be 動詞：主語 +be(am,is,are)+ 其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一個男孩。2. 行為動詞：主語 +行為動詞 (+其它)。如： We study English. 我們學(xué)

4、習(xí)英語。當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時，要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。女口： Mary likes Chinese. 瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1. be 動詞的變化。否認句：主語 + be + not + 其它。 如： He is not a worker. 他不是工人。 一般疑問句： Be + 主語+其它。 如： -Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞 + 一般疑問句。如： Where is my bike?2. 行為動詞的變化。否認句：主語 + d

5、on't( doesn't ) + 動詞原形 (+其它 )。如：I don't like bread. 當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用 doesn't 構(gòu)成否認句。如： He doesn't often play.一般疑問句： Do( Does ) + 主語+動詞原形 +其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用 does 構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. /

6、No, she doesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+般疑問句。如如: How does your father go to work?動詞+s的變化規(guī)那么1. 一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以 s. x. sh. ch. o 結(jié)尾，加 -es ，如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3. 以 輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：study-studies 一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練 :一、寫出以下動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink go stay make look havepas

7、s carry come watch plant fly studybrushdoteach二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空。1. He often (have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One.3. We (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they (like) the World Cup?6. What they often (do) on Saturdays?7. your parents (read) newspape

8、rs every day?8. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I (take) a walk together every evening.10. There (be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike (like) cooking.12. They (have) the same hobby.13. My aunt (look) after her baby carefully.14. You always (do) your homework well.15. I (be) ill. I

9、'm staying in bed.16. She (go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao (do) not like PE.18. The child often (watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang (have) eight lessons this term.20. What day be it today?It ' s Saturday、按照要求改寫句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening. 改為否認句 2. I do m

10、y homework every day. 改為一般疑問句，作否認答復(fù) 3. She likes milk. 改為一般疑問句，作肯定答復(fù) 4. Amy likes playing computer games. 改為一般疑問句，作否認答復(fù) 5. We go to school every morning.改為否認句 6. He speaks English very well.改為否認句 7. I like taking photos in the park.對劃線局部提問 8. John comes from Canada.對劃線局部提問 9. She is always a good st

11、udent.改為一般疑問句，作否認答復(fù) 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.改為否認句 五、改錯 劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上 1. Is your brother speak English?2. Does he likes going fishing?3. He likes play games after class.4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.5. She don ' t do her homework on Sundays. 三、現(xiàn)在進行時 1現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段

12、時間內(nèi)的活 動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。2現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句根本結(jié)構(gòu)為 be+ 動詞 ing. 3現(xiàn)在進行時的否認句在 be 后加 not。 4現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把 be 動詞調(diào)到句首。 5現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊疑問的根本結(jié)構(gòu)為： 疑問詞不達意 + be + 主語 + 動詞 ing?ing ，但疑問詞當主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為： 疑問詞不達意 + be + 動詞 ing? 動詞加 ing 的變化規(guī)那么 1一般情況下，直接加 ing ，如： cook-cooking 2以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾，去 e 加 ing ，如： make-making, taste-tasting 3如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母

13、，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加 如:run-running, stop-stopping 現(xiàn)在進行時專項練習(xí)：、寫出以下動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play run swim _makego like_ write skiread_havesing _danceputsee_ buy _ lovelive_ take_ come getstop_ sit begin shop二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1. The boy ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother ( cook )som

14、e nice food now.4. What you ( do ) now?5. Look . They ( have) an English lesson .6. They (not ,water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girls (dance )in the classroom .8. What is our granddaughter doing? She (listen ) to music.9. It 5'so' clock now. We (have)supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes? Yes

15、 ,she is .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否認句 )2The students are cleaning the classroom . (改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定答復(fù))3I ' m playing the football in the playground .(對劃線局部進行提問 )4Tom is reading books in his study . (對劃線局部進行提問 )四、將來時理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、方案或準備做某事。句 中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow,

16、n ext day(week, mo nth, year),so on,the day after tomorrow (后天)等。二、根本結(jié)構(gòu)： be going to + do ； will+ do.三、否認句：在 be 動詞( am, is, are )l 后加 not 或情態(tài)動詞 will 后加 not 成 won't。例如：I ' m going to have a pic nic this after noon.f I ' m not going to have apicnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句：be或will提到句首，some改為

17、any, and改為or，第一二 人稱互換。例如： We are going to go on an outing this weekend.f Are you going togo on an outing this weekend?五、對劃線局部提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線局部有三種情況。1. 問人。Who 例如：I ' m going to New York soon. Who' s going toNew York soon.2. 問干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race withme thisafte

18、rnoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 問什么時候。 When. 例如： She' s going to go to bed at nine.hen is Wshe goingto bed?六、同義句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow 明天 . = I will go swimming tomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I have a picnic with my friends.I have

19、a picnic with my friends.2. 下個星期一你打算去干嘛 ? 我想去打籃球。What next Monday? I play basketball.What you do next Monday? I play basketball.3. 你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。your mother go shopping this ?Yes, she . She buy some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時候見面。What time you meet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping. 改否認Nancy going t

20、o go camping.6. I ' ll go and join them. 改否認I go join them.7. I ' m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.改一般疑問句 to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.改一般疑問句 meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school. 對劃線局部提問 she after school?10. M

21、y father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 同上 g o i n g to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所給詞的適當形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We have a picnicthis afternoon.12. My brother go to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often (go) to school on foot. But today is rain.He (go) to school

22、 by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually (watch) TV and (catch) insects?15. It 'Frsiday today. What she (do) this w eekend?She (watch) TV and (catch) insects.16. What (d0) you do last Sunday? I (pick)apples on a farm. What (do) next Sunday? I (milk) cows.17.Mary (visit) her gra

23、ndparents tomorrow.18.Liu Tao (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19.David (give) a puppet show next Monday.20. 五、I 一般過去時 (plan) for my study now1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作感謝。 2Be 動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)?was。(was not=wasn)' tare 在一般過去時中變?yōu)?were。 (were not

24、=weren)' t帶有 was 或 were 的句子，其否認、疑問的變化和 is, am, are 一樣，即否認 句在 was 或 were 后加 not ，一般疑問句把 was 或 were 調(diào)到句首。 3句中沒有 be 動詞的一般過去時的句子否認句：didn '+動詞原形，如： Jim didn ' t go home yesterday. 一般疑問句：在句首加 did ，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如： Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問句： 疑問詞 +did+ 主語+動詞原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?

25、疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞 +動詞過去式？如： Who went to home yesterday? 動詞過去式變化規(guī)那么：1一般在動詞末尾加 -ed ，如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2結(jié)尾是 e 加 d ，如： taste-tasted 3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字 母，再加 -ed ，如： stop-stopped4以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i, 再加-ed，如：study-studied 5不規(guī)那么動詞過去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave

26、, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat過去時練習(xí) 寫出以下動詞的過去式 isamflyplantare drink play go make does dance worry ask taste eat dra

27、w put throw kick pass do Be 動詞的過去時練習(xí) 1Name No. Date 一、用 be 動詞的適當形式填空1. I at school just now.2. He at the camp last week.3. We students two years ago.4. They on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6. There an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There some milk in the fridge on S

28、unday.8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. It was exciting.否認句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認答復(fù)： 2. All the students were very excited.否認句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認答復(fù)： 3. They were in his pocket.否認句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認答復(fù)： Be 動詞的過去時練習(xí) 2Name No. Date 一、用 be 動詞的適當形式填空1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yesterday.

29、3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this year.6. Look, there lots of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.first of8. Today the second of June. Yesterday theJune. It Children s Day.'All the students very excited.二

30、、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. There was a car in front of the house just now.否認句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認答復(fù)： 肯、否認答復(fù)： 三、中譯英1我的故事書剛剛還在手表旁邊。2他們的外套上個禮拜放在臥室里了 3一會以前花園里有兩只小鳥行為動詞的過去時練習(xí)( 1 )Name No. Date 一、用行為動詞的適當形式填空1. He (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat (eat) a bird last night.3. We (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy (pick) up

31、 oranges on the farm last week.5. I (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls (sing) and (dance) at the party.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否認句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認答復(fù)： 2.

32、 Nancy went to school early.否認句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認答復(fù)： 3. We sang some English songs.否認句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認答復(fù)： 行為動詞的過去時練習(xí)( 2 )Name No. Date 一、用 be 動詞的適當形式填空1. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father (read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park. (go)4. you (visit) your relatives last

33、 Spring Festival?5. he (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he .6. Gao Shan (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother .She8. What she (find) in the garden last morning? (find) a beautiful butterfly.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. They played football in the playground.否認句： 一般疑問句：

34、肯、否認答復(fù)： 三、中譯英1. 格林先生去年住在中國。2. 昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場。3. 他剛剛在找他的 過去時綜合練習(xí)( 1)Name No. Date 一、 用動詞的適當形式填空1. It (be) Ben' s birthday last Friday.2. We all (have) a good time last night.3. He (jump) high on last Sports Day.4. Helen (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes newspapers, but she a book yesterday. (read)6.

35、 He football now, but they basketball just now. (play)7. Jim ' s mother (plant) trees just now.8. they (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they .9. I (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We (go) to school on Sunday.二、 中譯英1. 我們上周五看了一部電影。2. 他上個中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎？是的。3. 你們上個兒童節(jié)做了什么？我們參觀了動物園4. 你上周在哪兒 ?在野營基地。過去時綜合練習(xí) 2

36、Name No. Date 用動詞的適當形式填空1. It (be) the 2nd of November yesterday.Mr White (go) to his office by car.2. Gao Shan (put) the book on his head a moment ago.3. Don ' t the house. Mum it yesterday. (clean)4. What you just now? I some housework. (do)5. They (make) a kite a week ago.6. I want to apples.

37、 But my dad all of them last month.(pick)7. he the flowers this morning? Yes, he . (water)8. She (be) a pretty girl. Look, she (do) Chinese dances.9. The students often (draw) some pictures in the art room.10. What Mike do on the farm? He cows. (milk)二、中譯英1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟2. 去年端午節(jié)我們沒去看了龍舟比賽3. 他在音樂課上拉小提

38、琴了嗎？不，沒有 六、形容詞和副詞的比擬級復(fù)習(xí)及練習(xí) 一、形容詞的比擬級1、形容詞比擬級在句子中的運用：兩個事物或人的比擬用比擬級，比擬級后面 一般帶有單詞 than 。比擬級前面可以用 more, a little 來修飾表示程度。 than 后的人稱代詞用主格口語中可用賓格 。2形容詞加 er 的規(guī)那么： 一般在詞尾加 er ； 以字母 e 結(jié)尾，加 r ；以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er ；以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾，先把y變i,再加er。3不規(guī)那么形容詞比擬級： good-better, beautiful-more beautiful二、副詞的比擬級1 形容

39、詞與副詞的區(qū)別 有 be 用形，有形用 be ；有動用副，有副用動 在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或 be 動詞之后副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后 2副詞比擬級的變化規(guī)那么根本與形容詞比擬級相同不規(guī)那么變化： well-better,far-farther三、練習(xí)一、寫出以下形容詞或副詞的比擬級old_ young_ talllong_short_ strong_ bigsmall_fat_ thin_ heavylight_nice_ good_beautiful_low high slow fastlate early far well二) 、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：1. My

40、 brother is two years (old)than me.2. Tom is as (fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister (young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is (thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is (big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Mary ' s hair is as (long) as Lucy' s.7. Ben (jump) (high) than some of the boys in his c

41、lass.8. Nancy sing (well) than Helen? Yes, she .9. Fangfang is not as (tall) as the other girls.10. My eyes are (big) than (she).11. Which is (heavy),the elephant or the pig?12. Who gets up (early),Tim or Tom?13. the girls get up(early) than the boys?No,they.14. Jim runs (slow). But Ben runs (slow).

42、15. The child doesn ' t(write) as (fast) as the students.三) 、翻譯句子：1、誰比 Jim 年紀大？是你。 is than Jim ？ are2、誰比 David 更強壯？是 Gao Shan. than David? Gao Shan .3、誰的鉛筆更長，他的還是她的？我想是她的。 pencil is ,or ？is,I think.4、誰的蘋果更重，你的姐姐的還是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。 apples ,your or your ? My .5、你和你的叔叔一樣高嗎？是的。 as as your uncle?Yes,I am

43、.6、他和他的朋友 Jim 一樣年輕。He as as Jim.7、她和她的雙胞胎哥哥一樣胖嗎？不，她比他瘦。 as as twin ?No, than him.8. Yang Ling 每天睡得比 SuYang 晚。Yang Ling to than Su Yang every day.9. 我跳得和 Mike 一樣遠。I as as Mike.10. Tom 比你跑得快嗎？不是的 ,他和我跑得一樣快。 Tom than you?No,he . He as as11. 多做運動，你會更強壯。 more exercise,you' ll soon.12. 我的科學(xué)很好，但是語文不好I

44、at Science.But I don't well in Chinese.13. 你放風(fēng)箏比王兵放得高嗎？不，我比他放得低。youthe kitethan Wang bing?No,Iit than_.14. 我喜歡游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I like.All my than me.15. 我的姐姐起得比我早。My up than me.16. 女孩比男孩唱得好嗎？是的。the girls the boys? Yes,they .17. 她不擅長體育。但我跳得沒有她高。She doesn '_t_ in PE. But I don_'_t_ than.18.

45、 你足球踢得比你的同班同學(xué)好嗎？不，他們踢得和我一樣好。_ you football than your classmates?No,theyasasme.19我母親比我父親年紀小。My than my .20. 她的毛衣和我的一樣重。sweater asas.21. 我的連衣裙太短了。我想買一條大點的。 My dress too. I want to aone.22. I'm taller than Mike . 該成用原級的比擬 I'm as as Mike .七、 There be 句型與 have, has 的區(qū)別1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物或人2、在

46、there be 句型中，主語是單數(shù)， be 動詞用 is ; 主語是復(fù)數(shù)， be 動詞用 are ; 如有幾件物品， be 動詞根據(jù)最 *近 be 動詞的那個名詞決定。3、there be 句型的否認句在 be 動詞后加 not , 一般疑問句把 be 動詞調(diào)到 句首。4、there be 句型與 havehas 的區(qū)別： there be 表示在某地有某物或人； havehas 表示某人擁有某物。5、some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的運用： some 用于肯定句， any 用 于否認句或疑問句。6、and 和 or 在 there be 句型中的運用： and 用于肯定句

47、， or 用于否認句 或疑問句。7、針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的根本結(jié)構(gòu)是：How many +名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語？How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語？8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的根本結(jié)構(gòu)是：What ' s +介詞短語？Fill in the blank with“ have,has or “ there is , there are1. Ia good father and a good mother.2. a telescope on the desk.3. Hea tape-recorder.4. a basketb

48、all in the playgro und.5. Shesome dresses.6. Theya nice garde n.7. What do you?8. a readi ng-room in the build ing?9. What does Mike?10. any books in the bookcase?11. My fathera story-book.12. a story-book on the table.13. any flowers in the vase?14. How many studentsin the classroom?15. My parentss

49、ome n ice pictures.16. some maps on the wall.17. a map of the world on the wall.18. Davida telescope.19. David ' s friendssome tents.20. many childre n on the hill.用恰當?shù)腷e動詞填空。1、There a lot of sweets in the box.2、Theresome milk in the glass.3、 Theresome people under the the big tree.4、 Therea pic

50、ture and a map on the wall.5、Therea box of rubbers near the books.6、Therelots of flowers in our garden last year.7、 Therea tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday.8、Therefour cups of coffee on the table.Fillin the blank with “ have, has 1. Ia nice puppet.2. Hea good friend.3. Theysome masks.4. We

51、some flowers.5.6.Shea duck.My fathera new bike.7.Her mothera vase.8.Our teacheran En glish book.9.Our teachersa basketball.10.Their pare ntssome bla nkets11.Nancymany skirts.12.Davidsome jackets.13.My friendsa football.14.What do you?15.What does Mike?16.What do your frie nds?17.What does Hele n?18.

52、His brother_a basketball.19.Her sistera nice doll.20.Miss Li_an English book八、人稱代詞和物主代詞1、人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常位于句中第一個動詞之前有時候位 于 than 之后，賓格一般位于動詞或介詞之后。2、物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別：形容詞性用時后面一般要帶上名詞，名 詞性那么單獨使用，后面不帶名詞。人稱代詞物主代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性我Ime我的mymine你，你們youyou你的，你們的youryours他hehim他的hishis她sheher她的herhers它itit它的itsits我們w

53、eus我們的ourours他她，它們 theythem他她，它們的 theirtheirsI it we you them his your hers 二.用所給詞的適當形式填空1. That is not kite. That kite is very small, but is verybig. ( I )2. The dress is . Give it to . ( she )3. Is this watch? (you) No, it' s not . ( I )4. is my brother. name is Jack. Look! Thosestamps are . ( he )5. dresses are red. (we) What colour are ? ( you )6. Here are many