Unit 1必修五第一單元 Language points(1)

1、Unit 1 Great scientists 人教版必修人教版必修5 1. What do you know about Dr. John Snows being well-known in London?He attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.Questions3. Did people know how to cure the disease?2. From what disease did Londoners suffer in his age?They exposed themselves to chole

2、ra.No, they didnt. People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.4. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people?5. How serious was the disease outbreak in London?The cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days.Many of the dea

3、ths were near the water pump in Broad Street.6. Where were many of the deaths in Broad Street?7. Why did some houses have no deaths?These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad street pump.It seemed the water was to b

4、lame.8. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible for the disease?He told the people to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.9. What did Dr. Snow advised the people in Broad Street do?10. What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Stree

5、t outbreak? In addition, he found 2 other deaths.11. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public? He announced that polluted water carried the disease.12. What did Dr. Snow tell the water companies? They were instructed not to expose people to polluted water anymore.練習(xí)題練習(xí)題 attendattend【匹配匹配】 閱讀下列句子

6、，并在其后的括號(hào)中填出閱讀下列句子，并在其后的括號(hào)中填出attend的含義。的含義。 出席，參加出席，參加 b. 照顧，護(hù)理照顧，護(hù)理 c. 經(jīng)常去，定期去經(jīng)常去，定期去 Mary invited about 30 people to her party, but only 12 attended it. ( )2. All the six members of my family attend church every Sunday. ( )ac 3. The nurse attended the patients with great care. ( )4. If you go out,

7、who will attend to the baby? ( )【點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥】attend常作及物動(dòng)詞（句常作及物動(dòng)詞（句1至句至句3），也可作），也可作不及物動(dòng)詞，構(gòu)成不及物動(dòng)詞，構(gòu)成attend to sb. / sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，意為結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“處處理；對(duì)付；照料；關(guān)懷理；對(duì)付；照料；關(guān)懷”（句（句4）。）。bb【拓展拓展】attend, join, take part in都可意為都可意為“參加參加”，區(qū)，區(qū)別如下：別如下： attend后主要接后主要接meeting, conference, school, ceremony等作賓語；等作賓語； join后的賓語主要是表示團(tuán)體、組織后的賓語

8、主要是表示團(tuán)體、組織(如軍隊(duì)、黨派如軍隊(duì)、黨派)、一群人、游戲等的名詞，如一群人、游戲等的名詞，如party, army, club等；等； take part in后的賓語主要是某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，如后的賓語主要是某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，如discussion, movement, revolution, debate等。等?！拘≡囆≡嚒?將下列句子翻譯成漢語。將下列句子翻譯成漢語。 Many children in the poor village cant attend school although they have reached the school age.2. Daniel is sick now

9、and he needs someone to attend to him.Daniel現(xiàn)在生病了，需要有人照顧他?，F(xiàn)在生病了，需要有人照顧他。那個(gè)窮村子的許多孩子雖然到了上學(xué)的年齡但卻那個(gè)窮村子的許多孩子雖然到了上學(xué)的年齡但卻上不了學(xué)。上不了學(xué)。e.g.: 1. The wolf opened its mouth to _ a row of sharp teeth.2. Dont _ your skin to the sun; your skin will be hurt.exposeexposeexposeexpose e.g. The police began to look into

10、the case, but the eyewitness was afraid to _ the murderer. Meaning?“to make known; to tell the truth”expose揭發(fā)揭發(fā)* When you have a pain in your shoulders, you will go to see a doctor. The doctor will _ you. He will _ the pain in your shoulders. Aspirin is said to be a wonderful _ for the pain.curecure

11、curec cureurev. 治愈治愈n. 療法療法* Although the boy was beyond _, his parents tried to _ him of bad habits.* The prices are going up every day, but there is no _ for rising prices.curecurecure不可救藥不可救藥n. 對(duì)策對(duì)策Clever children absorb knowledge easily. 聰明孩子容易吸收知識(shí)。聰明孩子容易吸收知識(shí)。Aspirin is quickly absorbed by /into

12、 the body.阿司匹林很快被身體吸收了。阿司匹林很快被身體吸收了。The strong states often absorbed the small states in the past. 過去大國兼并小國。過去大國兼并小國。 absorbabsorb 吸收吸收; 吸引吸引; 使專心使專心; 合并合并; 吞并吞并He is absorbed in his business. 他專心致志的處理業(yè)務(wù)。他專心致志的處理業(yè)務(wù)。be absorbed inbe absorbed in = concentrate on 表示表示“專心于某事專心于某事”e.g. He is absorbed in

13、the research of Chinese history recently.absorb ones attentionabsorb ones attentione.g. Chinese history absorbs his attention recently.be absorbed bybe absorbed by被被吞并；為吞并；為所吸收所吸收 absorb intoabsorb into吞并；吸吞并；吸到到 absorb ones timeabsorb ones time占用某人的時(shí)間占用某人的時(shí)間 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 嚴(yán)重急性呼吸

14、道癥候群嚴(yán)重急性呼吸道癥候群 Do you know the full name of SARS?severeseveresevere 用作形容詞，當(dāng)它的意思為用作形容詞，當(dāng)它的意思為“嚴(yán)重的；嚴(yán)嚴(yán)重的；嚴(yán)肅的肅的”時(shí)，和時(shí)，和serious相近；當(dāng)它的意思為相近；當(dāng)它的意思為“嚴(yán)厲嚴(yán)厲的；嚴(yán)格的的；嚴(yán)格的”時(shí)，與時(shí)，與strict 相近，常用結(jié)構(gòu)相近，常用結(jié)構(gòu) be severe on (upon) / with sb. 表示表示“對(duì)某人嚴(yán)厲或嚴(yán)對(duì)某人嚴(yán)厲或嚴(yán)格格”；此外它還有；此外它還有“劇烈的；尖銳的；樸素的劇烈的；尖銳的；樸素的”的意思。的意思。 The drought is beco

15、ming increasingly severe. 旱災(zāi)日趨嚴(yán)重。旱災(zāi)日趨嚴(yán)重。He is severe with his children. 和對(duì)子女很嚴(yán)格。和對(duì)子女很嚴(yán)格。You are too severe on (upon) the boy. 你對(duì)那個(gè)男孩太嚴(yán)厲了。你對(duì)那個(gè)男孩太嚴(yán)厲了。I felt a severe pain in the chest. 我感到胸口劇烈疼痛。我感到胸口劇烈疼痛。表示表示“傷勢嚴(yán)重傷勢嚴(yán)重”要用要用severe, 不用不用serious; 但指但指“疾病疾病嚴(yán)重嚴(yán)重”時(shí)時(shí), 兩者都可與兩者都可與illness連接。連接。She received seve

16、re head injuries in the accident.在事故中她的頭部受了重傷。在事故中她的頭部受了重傷。I was laid up for six weeks with a severe /serious illness.由于重病，我臥床六個(gè)星期。由于重病，我臥床六個(gè)星期。此句不可用此句不可用serious泵泵 (油泵油泵; 氣泵氣泵), 抽水機(jī)抽水機(jī), 打氣筒打氣筒pump If have a flat tyre, you will pump air into the tyre. (You will pump up your tyre.) When my car was sho

17、rt of gas, I went to the gas station, where the guy pumped gas.pumpv. 打氣打氣v. 打氣打氣We had a debate yesterday. The lively debate really pumped us up.His heart was pumping fast.During the drought last year, the villagers had pumped the well dry, but got no more water.v. 給給打氣打氣v. 心跳心跳v. 用唧筒抽用唧筒抽(水等水等); 用

18、唧筒抽吸用唧筒抽吸.中的水等中的水等 酒館酒館 bar旅館旅館;小店小店pub, public houseblame【觀察觀察】 仔細(xì)觀察下列句子并體會(huì)仔細(xì)觀察下列句子并體會(huì)blame在句中的詞在句中的詞性、含義及用法。性、含義及用法。 Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.2. Its no use blaming our defeat on the player.3. Its you who are to blame for the accident.4. You m

19、ust take the blame for the mistakes in the report.5. The boss always puts the blame for the failure on us.【點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥】blame作動(dòng)詞，意為作動(dòng)詞，意為“責(zé)備；譴責(zé)責(zé)備；譴責(zé)”，可構(gòu)，可構(gòu)成：成：blame sb. / sth. for sth. 因某事而指責(zé)某人因某事而指責(zé)某人/某事（句某事（句1）；）；_ 把某事歸咎于某人把某事歸咎于某人/某事（句某事（句2）；）；_ 對(duì)某事負(fù)有責(zé)任（主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)）對(duì)某事負(fù)有責(zé)任（主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)）（句（句3）；）；blame作名詞，意為作名詞，意為“過失；責(zé)

20、備過失；責(zé)備”，可構(gòu)成：，可構(gòu)成：take the blame承擔(dān)責(zé)任（句承擔(dān)責(zé)任（句4）；）；put the blame for sth. on sb. 把某事歸咎于某人。把某事歸咎于某人。 blame sth. on sb. / sth.be to blame for sth.【小試小試】 將下列句子翻譯成英語。將下列句子翻譯成英語。1. 那次事故怪不著孩子們。那次事故怪不著孩子們。2. 警察把那起交通事故歸咎于警察把那起交通事故歸咎于Jack的粗心駕駛。的粗心駕駛。The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless drivi

21、ng. The children were not to blame for the accident. handle A. A. 操作操作; ; 運(yùn)用運(yùn)用 B. B. 經(jīng)銷經(jīng)銷; ; 買賣買賣 C. C. 管理管理 D. D. 對(duì)待對(duì)待 E. E. 應(yīng)付應(yīng)付 F. F. 控制控制; ; 管管handle v.Choose the Chinese explanations in the box.1. Ms Hawkins, the chief accountant of the company handles the companys accounts.C2. The children are

22、 so naughty that I cant handle them.3. She handled a difficult argument skillfully.FE4. Handle children kindly, if you want them to trust you.5. This shop handles paper and stationery.6. He learnt how to handle the axe.DBAin additionalsoas well asbesidesused when adding another fact to what has alre

23、ady been mentioned In addition to apples you asked for, I bought you some oranges.in addition2. The two towns are linked by a railway. v. 連接連接 1. A lot of links fitted togetherform a chain. n.( (鏈狀物的鏈狀物的) )環(huán)環(huán), , 節(jié)節(jié) 3. The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.linklink4. 研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了吸煙和心臟病之間的關(guān)系。

24、研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了吸煙和心臟病之間的關(guān)系。 Researchers have detected a link between smoking and heart disease.1. The captain announced that the plane was going to land.2. The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain.3. The army announced a cease-fire. announceannounce4. It has been announce

25、d that Mr. A and Miss B will be married next week. Meaning? * to make known publicly; to give information using a loudspeaker, esp. at an airport or railway station5. The announcer announces three programs a week. * to introduce a program on TV or radio* train approach announcement* He waited for th

26、e announcement of the result of the competition.* make an announcementannouncementinstructinstruct 意思為意思為“命令；指示；囑咐；吩咐；教導(dǎo)命令；指示；囑咐；吩咐；教導(dǎo)（教授知識(shí)或技術(shù)）；訓(xùn)練（教授知識(shí)或技術(shù)）；訓(xùn)練”。其名詞形式為。其名詞形式為instructor（教員；教練）和（教員；教練）和instruction（命令；指（命令；指示；說明）。示；說明）。The teacher instructed him to start early. 老師命令他早動(dòng)身。老師命令他早動(dòng)身。Ive bee

27、n instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.我得到指示在這兒等到講課老師到來。我得到指示在這兒等到講課老師到來。He instructs a class in history. 他教授一個(gè)班的歷史。他教授一個(gè)班的歷史。Read the instructions on the pocket. 看一下袋子上的說明?？匆幌麓由系恼f明。instruct ininstruct 指向一個(gè)人或一組人傳授知識(shí)指向一個(gè)人或一組人傳授知識(shí), 但并不清但并不清楚他們是否學(xué)到什么。楚他們是否學(xué)到什么。teach 是最普通的詞是最普通的詞, 可指或不指學(xué)術(shù)

28、方面的學(xué)習(xí)可指或不指學(xué)術(shù)方面的學(xué)習(xí); 作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí), 表示教書生涯。表示教書生涯。tutor 指一學(xué)生與一老師的關(guān)系指一學(xué)生與一老師的關(guān)系, 常指課外的一個(gè)教常指課外的一個(gè)教師對(duì)一個(gè)學(xué)生的補(bǔ)習(xí)工作。師對(duì)一個(gè)學(xué)生的補(bǔ)習(xí)工作。educate 指范圍更廣泛的學(xué)術(shù)過程指范圍更廣泛的學(xué)術(shù)過程, 完成比完成比teach更大的結(jié)果。更大的結(jié)果。train 指使一個(gè)人或一組人在某一專門的技能指使一個(gè)人或一組人在某一專門的技能或職業(yè)方面達(dá)到必要的水平或職業(yè)方面達(dá)到必要的水平, 也可指訓(xùn)練動(dòng)物。也可指訓(xùn)練動(dòng)物。coach 指在普通的教育體系之外訓(xùn)練或培養(yǎng)一指在普通的教育體系之外訓(xùn)練或培養(yǎng)一個(gè)人或一

29、組人個(gè)人或一組人, 常為了通過某項(xiàng)專門的考試。常為了通過某項(xiàng)專門的考試。I taught history for many years. 我教歷史好多年了。我教歷史好多年了。Who taught you to ride a bicycle? 誰教你騎自行車的？誰教你騎自行車的？He instructed us in English, but some of them made little progress. 他教我們英語，但我們有些人幾乎沒有進(jìn)步。他教我們英語，但我們有些人幾乎沒有進(jìn)步。是指學(xué)術(shù)的是指學(xué)術(shù)的不是指學(xué)術(shù)的不是指學(xué)術(shù)的In his spare time, he tutored me in English. 在課余時(shí)間，他教我英語。在課余時(shí)間，他教我英語。The writer was educated at a very good school. 這位作家在一所很好的學(xué)校里受過教育。這位作家在一所很好的學(xué)校里受過教育。It takes several years to train a doctor. 培養(yǎng)一名醫(yī)生要花好幾年時(shí)間。培養(yǎng)一名醫(yī)生要花好幾年時(shí)間。He coached her