初中英語語法速記

1、外語下載中心一、冠詞基本用法 【速記口訣】 名詞是禿子，常要戴帽子， 可數(shù)名詞單，須用a或an， 輔音前用a， an在元音前， 若為特指時，則須用定冠， 復(fù)數(shù)不可數(shù)，泛指the不見， 碰到代詞時，冠詞均不現(xiàn)。 【妙語詮釋】 冠詞是中考必考的語法知識之一，也是中考考查的主要對象。以上口訣包括的意思有：名詞在一般情況下不單用，常常要和冠詞連用；表示不確指的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前要用不定冠詞a或an，確指時要用定冠詞the；如復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指，名詞前有this，these，my，some等時就不用冠詞。二、名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則 【速記口訣】 單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)，規(guī)則要記住， 一般加s，特殊有幾處： /s/結(jié)尾，es不

2、離后， 末尾字母o，大多加s， 兩人有兩菜，es不離口， 詞尾f、fe，s前有v和e； 沒有規(guī)則詞，必須單獨(dú)記。 【妙語詮釋】 大部分單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)要加s，但如果單詞以/t?蘩/、/?蘩/、/s/發(fā)音結(jié)尾（也就是單詞如果以ch，sh，s，x等結(jié)尾），則一般加es；以o結(jié)尾的單詞除了兩人（negro，hero）兩菜（tomato，potato）加es外，其余一般加s；以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞一般是把f，fe變?yōu)関e再加s；英語中還有些單詞沒有規(guī)則，需要特殊記憶，如childchildren，mousemice，deerdeer，sheepsheep，ChineseChinese，oxoxen，

3、manmen，womanwomen，footfeet，toothteeth。三、名詞所有格用法 【速記口訣】 名詞所有格，表物是“誰的”， 若為生命詞，加“s”即可行， 詞尾有s，僅把逗號擇； 并列名詞后，各自和共有， 前者分別加，后者最后加； 若為無生命詞，of所有格， 前后須倒置，此是硬規(guī)則。 【妙語詮釋】 有生命的名詞所有格一般加s，但如果名詞以s結(jié)尾，則只加“”；并列名詞所有格表示各自所有時，分別加“s”，如果是共有，則只在最后名詞加“s”；如果是無生命的名詞則用of表示所有格，這里需要注意它們的順序與漢語不同，A of B要翻譯為B的A。四、接不定式作賓語的動詞 【速記口訣】 三個希

4、望兩答應(yīng)，兩個要求莫拒絕； 設(shè)法學(xué)會做決定，不要假裝在選擇。 【妙語詮釋】 三個希望兩答應(yīng)：hope，wish，want，agree，promise 兩個要求莫拒絕：demand，ask，refuse 設(shè)法學(xué)會做決定：manage，learn，decide 不要假裝在選擇：petend，choose五、接動名詞作賓語的動詞 【速記口訣】 Mrs. P Black missed a beef bag. （布萊克夫人丟了一個牛肉袋。） 【妙語詮釋】 該句話中每個字母代表了一個動詞或短語，這些動詞要求后面跟動名詞作賓語。這些動詞分別是： M=mind， r=risk， s=succeed in，P=

5、practice，B=be busy， l=look forward to，a=admit，c=cant help， k=keep on， m=miss，i=insist on，s=suggest，s=stop，e=enjoy，d=delay，a=avoid，b=be worth，a=advise，g=give up。六、不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時省to的動詞 【速記口訣】 一感，二聽，三讓，四看，半幫助 【妙語詮釋】 一感：feel；二聽：hear，listen to；三讓：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，ob-serve；半幫助：help。 七、形容詞和副詞比

6、較等級用法 【速記口訣】 1. 比較級與最高級：兩者比較than相連，三者比較the在前。 2同級比較：同級比較用原形，asas永不離；asas加not，只言兩者是同一，若是not soas，后強(qiáng)前弱不看齊。 【妙語詮釋】 比較級通常和than連用，而最高級通常跟有定冠詞the；同級比較一般用asas表示“與一樣”，這時誰強(qiáng)誰弱不能比較出來，而not soas則表示后者比前者強(qiáng)，翻譯為“不如”。 八、反意疑問句用法 【速記口訣】 反意問句三要點(diǎn)，前后謂語正相反； 短句not如出現(xiàn)，必須縮寫是習(xí)慣； 最后一點(diǎn)應(yīng)注意，短句主語代詞填。 【妙語詮釋】 反意疑問句的構(gòu)成應(yīng)該是“肯定的陳述句+否定的疑問

7、”或“否定的陳述句+肯定的疑問”；在短句中not必須與do，will，can等組成縮寫形式；在簡短問句中，疑問句的主語必須是代詞，而不能用名詞形式。九、感嘆句用法 【速記口訣】 感嘆句，并不難，what、how放句前； 強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞用what，其余用how很簡單。 【妙語詮釋】 由what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句一般修飾名詞，而how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句一般修飾形容詞、副詞或句子。十、賓語從句用法 【速記口訣】 賓語從句須注意，幾點(diǎn)事項(xiàng)應(yīng)牢記。 一是關(guān)鍵引導(dǎo)詞，不同句子詞相異。 陳述句子用that；一般疑問是否（if，whether）替；特殊問句更好辦，引導(dǎo)還用疑問詞。 二是時態(tài)常變化，主句不同從句異。主句若為現(xiàn)在時

8、，從句時態(tài)應(yīng)看意；主句若為過去時，從句時態(tài)向前移。 三是語序要記清，從句永保陳述序。 【妙語詮釋】 賓語從句應(yīng)注意三點(diǎn)：引導(dǎo)詞，陳述句一般由that引導(dǎo)，這時的that可以省略；一般疑問句則由if或whe-ther引導(dǎo)；而特殊疑問句則由特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)。時態(tài)，主句是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，從句可用所需要的任何時態(tài)；但如果主句是過去時態(tài)，從句時態(tài)所表示時間一般往前移一個時間段。語序，賓語從句永遠(yuǎn)要用陳述句順序。初中英語語法一般將來時詳解和習(xí)題一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)以及計(jì)劃、打算做某事。E.g. They will have a football match tomorrow. He will

9、be thirty next week. She is going to buy a coat this afternoon. 其結(jié)構(gòu)有如下幾種: 1)will + 動詞原形(will可以用于任何人稱) 需要注意的是當(dāng)主語是第一人稱時will可以換成shall,特別是在以I或we作主語的問句中,一般用shall. e.g. Shall we go to the zoo? 2)be going to +動詞原形 3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時也可表示將來,前邊已經(jīng)講過,這里不在重復(fù). 第一種結(jié)構(gòu)的句式變化是: 變否定句在will后邊加not. 變一般疑問句把will提前. e.g. She will be ba

10、ck in three days. She will not be back in three days. Will She be back in three days? 第二種結(jié)構(gòu)的句式變化要在be上做文章. E.g. They are going to clean their classroom. They are not going to clean their classroom. Are they going to clean their classroom? 其時間狀語有如下幾種 1）this引導(dǎo)的短語 如 this year 2）tomorrow及其相關(guān)短語如tomorrow m

11、orning 3）next引導(dǎo)的短語 如 next month 4) from now on ; in the future ; in an hour 等。 學(xué)生常見錯誤如下：一、易忽視動詞用原形形式 例：1 He will is (be) at school next Monday. 2 He is going to does (do) his homework after school. 答案：1 be 2 do 解析：第一題有的同學(xué)一看he做主語就用了is，忽視了will后應(yīng)加動詞原形。我們在寫句子時，很容易把動詞丟掉，“英語句子里，動詞不能少”的規(guī)律必須要牢記。第二題中to后加動詞原形

12、，而不是用單三人稱.。二、be going to +動詞原形與will+動詞原形用法不清楚 例：我正努力學(xué)習(xí)，準(zhǔn)備參加英語考試。 I am studying hard and I will try for my English exams. 答案：I am studying hard and I am going to try for my English exams. 解析：“be going to” 表示計(jì)劃、打算要做某事。E.g. He is going to visit his friends. 還表示某種跡象表明會發(fā)生某事.e.g. Look at the clouds. Its g

13、oing to rain. 而“Will+動詞原形 ”指對將來事物的預(yù)見、表示意愿、決心。E.g. I will wait for you until you come. 在單純預(yù)測未來時，二者可以互換，但在此題中只能用be going to，而不能用will。自主檢測：（一）、 單選1 _you _a doctor when you grow up?A Will; going to be B Are; going to be C Are; / D Will; be2 I dont know if his uncle _. I think he _ if it doesnt rain.A wi

14、ll come; comes B will come; will come C comes; comes D comes; will come3 He will be back _a few minutes.A with B for C on D in4 What time _we meet at the gate tomorrow?A will B shall C do D are5 He will have a holiday as soon as he _the work next week.A finishes B doesnt finish C will finish D wont

15、finish6 There _some showers this afternoon.A will be B will have C is going to be D are going to have7 It _my brothers birthday tomorrow. She _a party.A is going to be; will have B will be; is having C will be; is going to have D will have; is going to be8 Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he _

16、11.A is B is going to be C will be D will to be答案：1 B 2B 3 D 4 B 5A 6A 7 C 8 C（二）、 填空1 -“I need some paper.” - “I _(bring)some for you.”2_(be)you free tomorrow?3 They _(not leave) until you come back.4 _we_(go) to the party together this afternoon?5 They want to know when the meeting _start.6 I _(go

17、) with you if I have time.7 Hurry up! Or we _(be) late.8What _you _(do) tomorrow afternoon?9 Jenny _ _ (do) an experiment the day after tomorrow.10 If she isnt free tomorrow, she _(not take) part in the party.答案： 1 will bring 2 Are 3 wont leave 4Shall go 5 will 6 will go 7 will be 8 are going to do

18、9 will do 10 wont take三、 There be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時易出錯例：There_ a basketball match this afternoon. (B)A is going to be B is going to have C are going to be D are going to have答案：A解析：There be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時既要符合There be結(jié)構(gòu)，又要符合一般將來時。有的同學(xué)認(rèn)為have當(dāng)“有”講，所以選了B，但There be結(jié)構(gòu)就不成立了，此句中is是be going to中的，是由后邊的單數(shù)名詞決定的.四、 be going to結(jié)構(gòu)

19、中易丟掉to例：Im going _(go) school by bike tomorrow. (C)A to will go B to go to C go to D to go答案：B解析：由tomorrow可知是一般將來時，be going to +動詞原形，所以先確定用to go , 在B、 D當(dāng)中選，而go to school 是固定詞組，不能因?yàn)榍斑呌幸粋€to而省略，這是一個易錯點(diǎn)，需要注意。 另外，在時間狀語或條件狀語從句中，若主句用了將來時，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時，前邊已經(jīng)講過,這里不在重復(fù).初中英語語法一般過去時詳解和習(xí)題時間：2009年03月18日 作者：匿名 來源：博客 一般

20、過去時主要表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或情況?？梢詮囊韵聨讉€方面來理解：1）過去某個時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g. I bought a new shirt yesterday. He was a worker two years ago.2）過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。e.g. When I was a child,I often played with fire. Li Lei always walked to school last term.3）談到已故人的情況時多用過去時。e.g. Lu Xun was a great writer.4）有些發(fā)生時間不是很清楚的情況，實(shí)際

21、是過去發(fā)生的，也應(yīng)用過去時態(tài)。e.g. What did you say? 另外，還可用過去時表示委婉的語氣。e.g. Could you lend me your pen? 其結(jié)構(gòu)是"主語+動詞的過去式"。be動詞的過去式為was, were；行為動詞的過去式有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種，規(guī)則變化有以下幾種情況：1）直接在動詞原形末尾加-ed. e.g. work-worked; ask-asked; 2）以e結(jié)尾的動詞只加-d. e.g. arrive-arrived; like-liked.3)末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)先雙寫這個輔音字母,再加-ed. e.g

22、. shop-shopped; 4)以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的動詞,先把y變成i,再加-ed. e.g. carry-carried; study-studied.有些動詞變過去式是不規(guī)則的,e.g. fly-flew; break-broke; teach-taught. 這些需要象生單詞一樣記住. 其句式變化分為兩種情況1)含有be動詞的依然在be上做文章. e.g. I was born in 1980. I was not born in 1980. Were you born in 1980? 2)含有行為動詞的變否定句要在行為動詞前加助動詞didn't.,

23、同時把動詞變成原形; 變一般疑問句,在句首加助動詞did,同時把動詞變成原形. e.g. I bought a gift for my mum yesterday. I didn't buy a gift for my mum yesterday. Did you buy a gift for your mum yesterday?其時間狀語為yesterday或由其構(gòu)成的短語,e.g. yesterday morning; 由"last+時間"構(gòu)成的短語, e.g. last year; 由"時間段+ago"構(gòu)成的短語, e.g. three

24、days ago; 另外,還有on the morning of Monday, just now等,以及一些表示過去時態(tài)的從句.注意,在賓語從句中主句為過去,一般從句也為過去. 常見錯誤如下: 一把動詞變成過去式易出錯 例: 1 They stoped (stop) talking just now. 2 They plaied (play) football yesterday. 答案: 1 stopped 2 played 解析:我們可以記住下面的口訣:"動詞變成過去式,雙寫規(guī)律要牢記;y前若是輔音字,y變i加-ed;y前若是元音字,只須直接加-ed." 二忘記把動詞

25、變成過去式 例: I fly (fly) kites on the afternoon of Sunday. 答案: flew 解析:我們可以記住下面的口訣:"一般過去時態(tài)里,過去形式莫忘記".自主檢測:（一 ）選擇1 She lived there before he_to China. A. came B. comes C. come D. coming2 I _but_nothing. A . was listened;was hearing B. listened;heard C . have listened; heard D. listened; heard o

26、f3 When did you _here? A. got to B. reached C. arrive in D. reach4 I_my homework at 7:00 yesterday evening. A. finished B. would finish C. was finishing D. finish5 -He didn't go shopping with you yesterday afternoon, did he? - _.A. No, he doesn't B. Yes, he didn't C. No, he did D. Yes, h

27、e did.6 -I have had supper. - When _you_it? A. have; had B. do, have C. did,have D. will have答案: 1 A 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 D 6 C（二） 填空1 They_(be) on the farm a moment ago.2 There_(be)a shop not long ago.3 Jenny_(not go)to bed until 11:00 o'clock last night.4 Danny _(read )English five minutes ago.5 I _(

28、see)Li Lei _(go) out just now.6 He _(do)his homework every day. But he _(not do)it yesterday.7 When I was young, I _(play)games with my friends.8 When _you_(write)this book? I _it last year.9 Did he_(have) lunch at home?10 I _(eat) the bread, I 'm full now.答案:1 were 2 was 3 didn't go 4 read

29、5 saw go 6 does ; didn't do 7 played 8 did write ; wrote 9 have 10 have eaten三 在句式變換時易出錯 例: 1 We didn't went (not go) out last Friday. 2 Did you had (have) a good time yesterday? 答案: 1 didn't go 2 Did have 解析:請記住口訣"見助動, 用原形." 四易與單三人稱作主語的一般現(xiàn)在時弄混 例: He taughts (teach) me English

30、last year. 答案: taught 解析:行為動詞的過去式無人稱和數(shù)的變化.即使主語是單三人稱,也和其它人稱所用動詞的形式一樣. 五易與現(xiàn)在完成時弄混例: 我看過這部電影 I saw(see) the film. 答案: I have seen (see) the film. 解析:"我看過這部電影"說明我了解這部電影的內(nèi)容,強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的情況,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時; 一般過去時態(tài)的句子只是說明我看了這場電影,與現(xiàn)在無關(guān). 六易與過去進(jìn)行時弄混,這里不在重復(fù)。一般過去時主要表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或情況。可以從以下幾個方面來理解：1）過去某個時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g

31、. I bought a new shirt yesterday. He was a worker two years ago.2）過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。e.g. When I was a child,I often played with fire. Li Lei always walked to school last term.3）談到已故人的情況時多用過去時。e.g. Lu Xun was a great writer.4）有些發(fā)生時間不是很清楚的情況，實(shí)際是過去發(fā)生的，也應(yīng)用過去時態(tài)。e.g. What did you say? 另外，還可用過去時表示委婉的語氣。e.

32、g. Could you lend me your pen? 其結(jié)構(gòu)是"主語+動詞的過去式"。be動詞的過去式為was, were；行為動詞的過去式有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種，規(guī)則變化有以下幾種情況：1）直接在動詞原形末尾加-ed. e.g. work-worked; ask-asked; 2）以e結(jié)尾的動詞只加-d. e.g. arrive-arrived; like-liked.3)末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)先雙寫這個輔音字母,再加-ed. e.g. shop-shopped; 4)以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的動詞,先把y變成i,再加-ed.

33、e.g. carry-carried; study-studied.有些動詞變過去式是不規(guī)則的,e.g. fly-flew; break-broke; teach-taught. 這些需要象生單詞一樣記住. 其句式變化分為兩種情況1)含有be動詞的依然在be上做文章. e.g. I was born in 1980. I was not born in 1980. Were you born in 1980? 2)含有行為動詞的變否定句要在行為動詞前加助動詞didn't.,同時把動詞變成原形; 變一般疑問句,在句首加助動詞did,同時把動詞變成原形. e.g. I bought a g

34、ift for my mum yesterday. I didn't buy a gift for my mum yesterday. Did you buy a gift for your mum yesterday?其時間狀語為yesterday或由其構(gòu)成的短語,e.g. yesterday morning; 由"last+時間"構(gòu)成的短語, e.g. last year; 由"時間段+ago"構(gòu)成的短語, e.g. three days ago; 另外,還有on the morning of Monday, just now等,以及一些表示

35、過去時態(tài)的從句.注意,在賓語從句中主句為過去,一般從句也為過去. 常見錯誤如下: 一把動詞變成過去式易出錯 例: 1 They stoped (stop) talking just now. 2 They plaied (play) football yesterday. 答案: 1 stopped 2 played 解析:我們可以記住下面的口訣:"動詞變成過去式,雙寫規(guī)律要牢記;y前若是輔音字,y變i加-ed;y前若是元音字,只須直接加-ed." 二忘記把動詞變成過去式 例: I fly (fly) kites on the afternoon of Sunday. 答案

36、: flew 解析:我們可以記住下面的口訣:"一般過去時態(tài)里,過去形式莫忘記".自主檢測:（一 ）選擇1 She lived there before he_to China. A. came B. comes C. come D. coming2 I _but_nothing. A . was listened;was hearing B. listened;heard C . have listened; heard D. listened; heard of3 When did you _here? A. got to B. reached C. arrive in

37、D. reach4 I_my homework at 7:00 yesterday evening. A. finished B. would finish C. was finishing D. finish5 -He didn't go shopping with you yesterday afternoon, did he? - _.A. No, he doesn't B. Yes, he didn't C. No, he did D. Yes, he did.6 -I have had supper. - When _you_it? A. have; had

38、B. do, have C. did,have D. will have答案: 1 A 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 D 6 C（二） 填空1 They_(be) on the farm a moment ago.2 There_(be)a shop not long ago.3 Jenny_(not go)to bed until 11:00 o'clock last night.4 Danny _(read )English five minutes ago.5 I _(see)Li Lei _(go) out just now.6 He _(do)his homework ever

39、y day. But he _(not do)it yesterday.7 When I was young, I _(play)games with my friends.8 When _you_(write)this book? I _it last year.9 Did he_(have) lunch at home?10 I _(eat) the bread, I 'm full now.答案:1 were 2 was 3 didn't go 4 read 5 saw go 6 does ; didn't do 7 played 8 did write ; wr

40、ote 9 have 10 have eaten三 在句式變換時易出錯 例: 1 We didn't went (not go) out last Friday. 2 Did you had (have) a good time yesterday? 答案: 1 didn't go 2 Did have 解析:請記住口訣"見助動, 用原形." 四易與單三人稱作主語的一般現(xiàn)在時弄混 例: He taughts (teach) me English last year. 答案: taught 解析:行為動詞的過去式無人稱和數(shù)的變化.即使主語是單三人稱,也和其它人

41、稱所用動詞的形式一樣. 五易與現(xiàn)在完成時弄混例: 我看過這部電影 I saw(see) the film. 答案: I have seen (see) the film. 解析:"我看過這部電影"說明我了解這部電影的內(nèi)容,強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的情況,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時; 一般過去時態(tài)的句子只是說明我看了這場電影,與現(xiàn)在無關(guān). 六易與過去進(jìn)行時弄混,這里不在重復(fù)。初中英語語法現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時詳解和習(xí)題時間：2009年03月18日 作者：匿名 來源：博客 大家知道，謂語的動詞用來表示動作（情況）發(fā)生時間的各種形式稱為時態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示1、現(xiàn)在（說話的瞬間）正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，強(qiáng)調(diào)“此時此刻”。E

42、.g. He is reading . They are talking now.2、當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。E.g. They are working these days.3、某些動詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，表預(yù)定的計(jì)劃或即將發(fā)生的動作。E.g I am coming.其結(jié)構(gòu)為be+現(xiàn)在分詞. 現(xiàn)在分詞的變法有1、一般在動詞詞尾加上-ing ,E.g. jump2、以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動詞，先去e，再加-ing. E.g have write3、.以重讀閉音節(jié)末尾只有一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞，它前面是單個元音字母時要先將詞尾的輔音字母雙寫，再加上-ing. E.g. sit put其

43、句式變換都在be上做文章。E.g. He is buying a bike.Is he buying a bike?He isnt buying a bike.一般由look,listen,now, at this moment等時間狀語做標(biāo)志。盡管現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時比較簡單，但在做題過程中也常會犯一些錯誤，常見的錯誤有如下幾種：自我檢測（一） 、單選1、 Look! He _their mother do the housework.A. is helping B. are help C. is help D.is helpping2 、_are the boys doing ? They are

44、singing in the room.A .Who B .How C.What D.Where3、 Dont talk here. My mother _.A. is sleeping B .are sleeping C. sleeping D .sleep4 、Danny _. Dont call him.A. is writeing B .is writing C.writing D .writes5 、When_he_back? Sorry, I dont know.A. does,come B.are coming C.is come D.is coming答案：A C A B D（

45、二）、填空1、 Its ten oclock. My mother _(lie)in bed.2、 What_he _(mend)?3、 We _(play)games now.4、 What _you_(do) these days?5、 _he _(clean) the classroom?6、 Who_(sing)in the next room?7 、The girl_(like)wearing a sweater. Look! She _(wear)a red sweater today.答案：1 is lying 2 is mending 3 are playing 4 are d

46、oing5 Is cleaning 6 is singing 7 likes ; is wearing一、把動詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞形式易出錯例：1、They are swiming.(swim)2 、Jenny is plaiing(play)football.答案：1.swimming 2 .playing解析：動詞變現(xiàn)在分詞可有如下口訣:“一添一去y不變”. “一添”指雙寫規(guī)則；“一去”指去掉不發(fā)音字母e規(guī)則；“y不變”指要與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)區(qū)分開。二、丟掉be動詞或忘記把動詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞例：1、 Look,two children flying.(fly) a kite in the park.2

47、、Li Mingisnt read ( not read) a book in bed now.答案：1 are flying 2 isnt reading解析:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時肯定句的結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)律為: “be+現(xiàn)在分詞,缺一不可”。這一點(diǎn)必須牢記。三、對動詞或動詞詞組提問時丟掉doing例：1 、The students are singing in the room.(對劃線部分提問)What are the students in the room?答案：What are the students doing in the room?解析:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)中對動作提問可記住此句式“What +be +

48、主語+doing+其它?”或簡寫為“What.doing.”?句式。四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)的選擇疑問句中易忽視or后用現(xiàn)在分詞形式例：孩子們在跑還是在跳？Are the children running or jump?答案：Are the children running or jumping?解析: or連接的是兩個并列成分，動詞形式須一致。初中英語語法一般現(xiàn)在時講解與習(xí)題時間：2009年03月18日 作者：匿名 來源：博客 一般現(xiàn)在時是英語中應(yīng)用最廣泛的時態(tài)之一，是初中英語語法重點(diǎn)。它表示1)經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g. I go to school on foot. He is

49、 very busy now. 2)表示主語的特征、性格、能力、愛好等。e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 3)表示客觀真理 e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth. 其結(jié)構(gòu)按正常語序，即“主語+謂語+其它”，有時為了起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，時間狀語也可提前. 其句式變化可分為兩種情況 1)表示動作， 一般人稱作主語的，變否定句須在動詞前加助動詞dont；變一般疑問句須在句首加助動詞do。 E.g. They have lunch at 12:0

50、0. They dont have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00? 2）單三人稱做主語的，變否定句須在動詞前加助動詞doesnt；變一般疑問句須在句首加助動詞does。E.g. Jenny speaks English very well. Jenny doesnt speak English very well.Does Jenny speak English very well? 含有be動詞的要在be上做變化. E.g. Danny is a good student.Danny isnt a good student. Is D

51、anny a good student?其時間狀語為often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等頻率副詞，on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等。 學(xué)生常見錯誤如下：一、be動詞與行為動詞同時出現(xiàn)在句子中例：We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.答案：plant解析：學(xué)生往往會用漢語的思維方式去翻譯，就成了“我們是在春天植樹”。這是學(xué)習(xí)英語最忌諱的，要看語法是不是正確，在英語中，be是表狀態(tài)，do是表動作，兩種動詞不能同時出現(xiàn)在句子中，可記住如下口訣：“英漢語言有差異，be 、do不能放一起，仔細(xì)琢磨細(xì)分析，語法千萬要牢記。”自我檢測：(一)、 單選1 Jenny _ in an office. Her parents _in a hospital.A work; works B works; work C work; are working D is working; work2 One of the boys_ a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has3 We wi