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1、2021/3/91語法系列語法系列 2021/3/92主語主語 (subject) 謂語謂語 (predicate) 賓語賓語 (object) 定語定語 (attribute) 狀語狀語 (adverbial) 補語補語 (complement) 表語表語 (predicative) 同位語同位語(Appositive)2021/3/93主語主語 不及物動詞不及物動詞She came/ My head aches.主語主語 及物動詞及物動詞 賓語賓語She likes English.主語主語 系動詞系動詞 主語補語主語補語She is happy主語主語 雙賓動詞雙賓動詞 間接賓語間接賓語

2、 直接賓語直接賓語She gave John a bookShe bought a book for me.主語主語 賓補動詞賓補動詞 賓語賓語 賓語補語賓語補語She makes her mother angryThe teacher asked me to read the passage.There +beThere lies a book on the desk.簡單句基本句型實例簡單句基本句型實例2021/3/94簡單句的基本詞序簡單句的基本詞序主語主語動詞部分動詞部分賓語賓語 狀語狀語(謂語)(謂語) 方式方式 地點地點 時間時間Iboughta hat yesterday.The

3、 children ran home.The taxi driver shouted at me angrily.We ate our meal in silence.The car stopped suddenly.A young girl walked confidently in the room.They drove him away in a police car.2021/3/95基本句型實例基本句型實例 1. SV (主語主語 不及物動詞不及物動詞) She came. My head aches. The baby is crying.2021/3/96基本句型實例基本句型實例

4、 2. SVC (主語主語 系動詞系動詞 表語表語) She is happy He is a student.2021/3/97基本句型實例基本句型實例 3. SVO (主語主語 及物動詞及物動詞 賓語賓語) She likes English. She bought a skirt.2021/3/98基本句型實例基本句型實例 4. SVoO (主語動詞間接賓語直接賓語主語動詞間接賓語直接賓語) She gave John a book She bought a book for me.2021/3/99基本句型實例基本句型實例 5. SVOC (主語動詞主語動詞 賓語賓語補語賓語賓語補語)

5、 She makes her mother angry We believed him honest. The teacher asked me to read the passage.2021/3/910基本句型實例基本句型實例 6. SVA (主語主語 動詞動詞 狀語狀語) They live in Los Angeles. 7. SVOA (主語主語+ 動詞動詞 + 賓語賓語 + 狀語狀語) He put the coin in his mouth.2021/3/911附屬成份附屬成份基本成份的修飾語,可以是:基本成份的修飾語,可以是: 定語:即用來修飾名詞的單詞、定語:即用來修飾名詞的

6、單詞、短語或從句短語或從句 狀語:即用來修飾名詞或代詞狀語:即用來修飾名詞或代詞以外的詞的單詞、短語或從句。以外的詞的單詞、短語或從句。2021/3/912 句子成分隨堂練習句子成分隨堂練習 找出下列各句中所包含的句子成分找出下列各句中所包含的句子成分2021/3/913Last week I went to the supermarket.Last week I went to the supermarket. 狀狀 主主 謂謂 狀狀The play was very interesting.The play was very interesting. 主主 系狀表系狀表I cant hea

7、r a word.I cant hear a word. 主謂主謂 賓賓They were talking loudly.They were talking loudly. 主主 謂謂 狀狀2021/3/914It was Sunday.It was Sunday. 主主 系系 表表I get up early on Sundays.I get up early on Sundays. 主謂狀狀主謂狀狀I looked at the young man and the young woman angrily.I looked at the young man and the 主謂主謂 賓賓yo

8、ung woman angrily. 賓賓 狀狀2021/3/915I read a few lines,but I didnt understand a word.I read a few lines,but I didnt 主主 謂謂 定定 賓賓 連連 主謂主謂understand a word. 謂謂 賓賓My holidays passed quickly,but I didnt send cards to my friends.My holidays passed quickly,but I 主謂狀主謂狀 連主連主didnt send cards to my friends.謂謂 賓

9、賓 狀狀2021/3/916I got up early and bought thirty cards.I got up early and bought thirty cards. 主謂主謂 狀狀 連連 謂謂 定定 賓賓He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.He is working for a big firm and he has 主主 謂謂 狀狀 連主謂連主謂already visited a great numbe

10、r of different 狀謂狀謂 定定 定定places in Australia.賓賓 定定2021/3/917He has just bought a car and has gone to Alice Springs,a small town in the centre of Australia.He has just bought a car and 主謂主謂 狀狀 謂謂 賓連賓連has gone to Alice Springs,a small town 謂謂狀同位語狀同位語in the centre of Australia.定定2021/3/918He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.He calls at

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