初中英語(yǔ)八大時(shí)態(tài)課件

1、初中英語(yǔ)八大時(shí)態(tài)初中英語(yǔ)八大時(shí)態(tài)Review of TensesReview of Tenses1、The Simple Present Tense 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài) 教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)n表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài) n常與常與every day , on Sundays, sometimes , often ，usually ,always,等連用等連用n結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu) ： 1、主語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+其他其他nEg. n I have a meeting on Sundays .n They visit their parents on

2、ce a month.注注: 主語(yǔ)(三單)+ 動(dòng)詞(第三人稱單數(shù)形式)+其他 Eg.1)She likes it very much.2)She usually goes to school at 7 oclock every morning. 動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式 在動(dòng)詞后+s在以s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞+es以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞， 先變y 為i，再加es 特殊 have-has 等 helpguessflymake leavefixswimknow playclosegostudygetread bring watch寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式carry do washvi

3、sit exercise enjoy jump havesiesessessssessiesssshasesssesssesiess一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定式 be + not dont do / doesnt do1.Be 動(dòng)詞的否定式動(dòng)詞的否定式: be + notI am a teacher. You are a workerShe is a doctorWe are friends.Im not a teacherYou arent a workerShe isnt a doctor.We arent friends.is not=isntare not=arent 否定句2.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)第三人

4、稱時(shí)，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)第三人稱時(shí)，它與助動(dòng)詞它與助動(dòng)詞Does有關(guān)，但是有關(guān)，但是動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)一定要恢復(fù)為動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)一定要恢復(fù)為原形原形。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是其他人稱時(shí)，它與當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是其他人稱時(shí)，它與助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞Do有關(guān)。有關(guān)。I like English.She likes it very much.We go to work by bike.I dont like English.She doesnt like it very much.We dont go to work by bike.否定句概念：用概念：用 yes 或或 no 來(lái)回答的疑問(wèn)句叫做一般疑問(wèn)句。來(lái)回答的疑問(wèn)句叫做一般疑問(wèn)句。一般疑問(wèn)句句首的第一

5、個(gè)詞一般讀得比較重。一般疑問(wèn)句句首的第一個(gè)詞一般讀得比較重。III一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句1.對(duì)于對(duì)于be 動(dòng)詞，疑問(wèn)句要求把動(dòng)詞，疑問(wèn)句要求把be 提前，提前，第一人稱變成第二人稱。第一人稱變成第二人稱。疑疑問(wèn)問(wèn)句句I am a teacher.Are you a teacher?You are a worker.Are you a worker?He is a student.Is he a student?We are friends.Are you friends?2.對(duì)于實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，疑問(wèn)句要求是：當(dāng)主對(duì)于實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，疑問(wèn)句要求是：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是他語(yǔ)是他(he)，她，她(she)，它，它(it)時(shí)，

6、句子前時(shí)，句子前面加面加does，并把動(dòng)詞恢復(fù)原形；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，并把動(dòng)詞恢復(fù)原形；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是其他人稱時(shí)，句前加是其他人稱時(shí)，句前加do ，第一人稱，第一人稱(I/we) 換第二人稱換第二人稱(you)。I often go there.You like the music.He goes to work by bus .We /You/They like it.Do you often go there ?Do you like the music.?Does he go to work by bus ?Do you/they like it?1.He has a meeting on Sunday

7、s .2.He goes to school at seven in the morning .3.My father and mother go out for lunch on Sundays.4.We do our homework after school. 把下列句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句把下列句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句Does he have a meeting on Sundays ?Does he go to school at seven in the morning?Do your father and mother go out for lunch on Sundays ?Do you

8、do your homework after school ?exercise把下列句子改為否定句1.My father has an egg for breakfast .2.Li Lei does his homework after school.3.We do our homework at home.4.They have a meeting every morning .My father doesnt have an egg for breakfast .Li Lei doesnt do his homework after school.We dont do our homew

9、ork at home .They dont have a meeting every morning .1.We often _ (play) in the playground.2. He _ (get) up at six oclock.3. _ you _ (brush) your teeth every morning? 4.What _ he usually_ (do) after school?5.Danny_ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6.Mike sometimes _(go) to

10、the park with his sister.7.She _ (watch) TV with his parents every evening.8._ Mike _(read) English every day? 用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式及助動(dòng)詞填空playgetsDo brushdoes dostudiesgoeswatchesDoes read 2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)The Simple Present Tense教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)指動(dòng)作發(fā)生在一般過(guò)去時(shí)指動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去過(guò)去有時(shí)候會(huì)有例如有時(shí)候會(huì)有例如yesterday, last year等表等表示示 過(guò)去

11、時(shí)間的標(biāo)志過(guò)去時(shí)間的標(biāo)志一般過(guò)去時(shí)主要要注意一般過(guò)去時(shí)主要要注意動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞的變化的變化be動(dòng)詞和實(shí)意動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞和實(shí)意動(dòng)詞含有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去式nShe is in Beijing.nShe was in Beijing .nI am a student.nI was a student.nWe are friends.nWe were friends. 含有含有be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變一般過(guò)去時(shí),把把is和和am改成改成was,把把a(bǔ)re改成改成were練習(xí)練習(xí):1. She is a teacher. She _a teacher.2. They are from J

12、apan. They _ from Japan.3. I am very tired. I _ very tired.4. He is too young to go to school. He _too young to go to school. 5. You are late for school. You _late for school. waswerewaswaswere不含不含be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí) 不含不含be動(dòng)詞的句子改寫成一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的句子改寫成一般過(guò)去時(shí)，把句子中的把句子中的動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞改為改為過(guò)去式過(guò)去式形式。通常有形式。通常有五種寫法。五種寫法。I wo

13、rk in this city.I worked in this city last year.They live in Shanghai .They lived in Shanghai last year.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的寫法：動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的寫法：一般情況，一般情況，在動(dòng)詞末尾在動(dòng)詞末尾加加ed動(dòng)詞以動(dòng)詞以e結(jié)尾的，直接在詞尾加結(jié)尾的，直接在詞尾加d3、 輔音加輔音加y結(jié)尾，變結(jié)尾，變y為為i加加ed I study in Beijing. I studied in Beijing .Study,copyCry ,fly 4、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，雙寫詞尾字母加雙寫詞尾字母加ed she

14、 stops. she stopped.5 、特殊、特殊 I go to school by bike every day. I went to school by bike yesterday.例如：例如：have/hashad, go-went, eat-ate, say-said thinkthought, come-came不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞練習(xí)nI think you are right.nI thought you were right.nShe eats an apple every week.nShe ate an apple an hour ago.3、一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)The F

15、uture Simple Tense 教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)相對(duì)于講話時(shí)間相對(duì)于講話時(shí)間將要發(fā)生將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情的動(dòng)作或情況況2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）：（判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）：ntomorrow 明天明天nnext week 下周下周nthe day after tomorrow 后天后天nsoon 不久不久nin the future 在將來(lái)在將來(lái)nin+一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間 多久之后才多久之后才. The Future Simple Tense 1.will+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 (I /we shall)2.be going to+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形3.be+v-ing4.一

16、般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)1.will/shallv原形原形表示一個(gè)將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，表示一個(gè)將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，“要要,會(huì)會(huì)”Eg. 1) She will go to the park tomorrow. 2) I will return home as soon as I finish my task.2、be going to + v原形原形表示打算做某事表示打算做某事表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有跡象表明將要發(fā)生某事。表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有跡象表明將要發(fā)生某事。- What _do this evening?- I am going to do my lessons. 看那些烏云要下雨了看那些烏云

17、要下雨了. Loot at the dark clouds. It _rain. is going toare you going ton3. be +v-ing go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay, fly, land, take off等等動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞可用可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示表示安排安排和計(jì)劃或即將發(fā)生和計(jì)劃或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作。n我們明天動(dòng)身去青島我們明天動(dòng)身去青島.nWere leaving for Qingdao. 6.表示與表示與生日生日,日歷日歷,課時(shí)安排或交通時(shí)刻表課時(shí)安排或交通時(shí)刻表有關(guān)的有關(guān)的動(dòng)作動(dòng)作(一種規(guī)律一種規(guī)律) ，用，用

18、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)n 常用于轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞如常用于轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞如： ( begin, come , leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close ）Eg. 1、The evening class begins at 19:00. 2、The train starts at two.If 條件句條件句中，動(dòng)詞用中，動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表表將來(lái)。將來(lái)。nIf we hurry, we may catch the bus.如果我們快點(diǎn)的話，我們也許會(huì)趕上公交車 If it rains tomorrow, the trav

19、el will be canceled.如果明天下雨的話，旅游將取消。1. What are you going to do this afternoon? I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _quite early, so we _ to the bookstore after that. A. finished; are going B. finished; go C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go Exercise:2. My younger brother _be 15 y

20、ears old next year. A. is going to B. will C. is to D. should 1. The agreement _ come into force next year.2. Im not feeling well, and I _ go to see a doctor.3. If you_ _(dont pass) the exam, you will be criticized by your parents.willwilldont pass5.How _ you _ spend your holiday? Ive decided to rep

21、aint this room. Oh, have you? What colour _ you _ paint it? The weather is so nice and I am going to sit in the garden. Thats a good idea. I _ join you.willaregoing toaregoing to4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Review of the Present Continuous Tense教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)：教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)：知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：一一.現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義時(shí)的定義: 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是表示現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是表示現(xiàn)在、說(shuō)話瞬間或當(dāng)

22、前一直在、說(shuō)話瞬間或當(dāng)前一直正在做著的動(dòng)作正在做著的動(dòng)作.Eg: 1. Jenny is watching TV now. 2.I am writing.五五.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的判斷：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的判斷：（1）一般句中用到表示一般句中用到表示“在現(xiàn)在在現(xiàn)在”的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如：如：now, right now, at the moment 或或Its+幾點(diǎn)幾點(diǎn)鐘鐘”句型，常判斷用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。句型，常判斷用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。Eg:Lets go fast .Mr. Wu is waiting for us now.Its six oclock.The children are playing bask

23、etball.n(2)句中用到句中用到“Listen！” “Look!” “Keep quiet” “Dont make noise!”等提示語(yǔ)時(shí)，表明說(shuō)話間另一個(gè)動(dòng)作等提示語(yǔ)時(shí)，表明說(shuō)話間另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，這時(shí)，句子也要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)正在進(jìn)行，這時(shí)，句子也要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。行時(shí)。nEg: Keep quiet ! The teachers are talking in the office. She readisingnow.Listen! The bird is singing.二二.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu): 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)為:am/is/are +

24、現(xiàn)在分現(xiàn)在分詞詞.Am/is/are 在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)句子謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中作助在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)句子謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中作助動(dòng)詞用，無(wú)詞義。動(dòng)詞用，無(wú)詞義。Am/is/are的選擇運(yùn)用由句子的的選擇運(yùn)用由句子的主語(yǔ)人稱或數(shù)決定。主語(yǔ)人稱或數(shù)決定。A: I am watching TV at home.B: Dave is cleaning the floor.C: The students are seeing a movie.2.將現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí)，在將現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí)，在be動(dòng)詞后面加上動(dòng)詞后面加上not. nEg: Steve is talking to his teacher.nThe

25、children are eating some apples at my home. -Steve isnt talking to his teacher.-The children arent eating any apples at my home.四四.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式轉(zhuǎn)換：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式轉(zhuǎn)換：1.將一個(gè)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句時(shí)，將一個(gè)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句時(shí)，將句中的將句中的is或或are提到句首提到句首。Eg: Steve is talking to his teacher . I am singing. -Is Steve talking to his te

26、acher?-Are you singing?Talk about the people in the picture.nWhats he doing?nHes reading.* What are they doing?*They are playing basketball. 5、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)Review of the Past Continuous Tense教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)：教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)n過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)相仿，表示過(guò)去某時(shí)刻或階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 結(jié)構(gòu)：be（過(guò)去式）+v.ingEg. I was reading a novel when you

27、 called.你打電話時(shí)我正在看一本小說(shuō)。exercisenDanny _ _(watch) TV, when you sang.nI _ _ _ _(play computer game) at this time yesterday.was watchingwas playing computer game6、將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)n表示將來(lái)某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 結(jié)構(gòu)：will / shall +be+v.ingEg. We will be having dinner in a minute. 一會(huì)兒我們就吃飯。 Danny will be playing football an hou

28、r later. Danny 一會(huì)兒將會(huì)在打球。Have a try試一試:nHe_ (watch) TV now.nI _(swim) at this time yesterday.nShe _(see) the sunrise at the top of the mountain this time tomorrow.is watchingwas swimmingwill be seeingTranslate翻譯n他們一會(huì)兒就開(kāi)會(huì)。 They will be having a meeting. n我一會(huì)兒就洗衣服。 I will be washing clothes.7、 The Pres

29、ent Perfect Tense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)：教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生過(guò)去發(fā)生或或已經(jīng)完成已經(jīng)完成的某的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果影響或結(jié)果.2.通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞 just，already, before, yet, never, ever 等狀語(yǔ)連用。等狀語(yǔ)連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)n助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞have (has) + V過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞注：注：has 用于第三人稱單數(shù)，用于第三人稱單數(shù)，have 用于其他用于其他所有人稱。所有人稱。否定句否

30、定句：have/has+ not +V過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞Eg. He has never heard of that before. I have worked here for 20 years. She has already finished the work.My aunt havent lived in China for 3 years.2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會(huì)持也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)?？梢院捅硎狙永m(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)?？梢院捅硎狙永m(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 如如for、since 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。（等

31、引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。（注意：句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞注意：句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）一段時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法有兩種一段時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法有兩種:for: +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間 for a year for two weeks for three years 過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻, since 9 oclock since last week 一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 since you came since you got home.注意注意:for 和和since 所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都表示一段時(shí)間所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都表示一段時(shí)間.Since注意點(diǎn)（1）：一些表示短暫性動(dòng)作

32、的動(dòng)詞如come, go, leave, arrive, buy, begin, start, become等不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，這些動(dòng)作需用表示狀態(tài)的詞連用。I have had this coat for one year. 試比較：試比較：1） I have bought this coat for one year.轉(zhuǎn)化成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞歸納n1.直接轉(zhuǎn)化成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞直接轉(zhuǎn)化成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 buy catch (get) a cold borrow come/go /becomehavehave a coldkeepbe2.轉(zhuǎn)換成轉(zhuǎn)換成be+名詞名詞 join the ar

33、my join the Party go to school be a soldier be a Party memberbe a student3轉(zhuǎn)換成轉(zhuǎn)換成be+形容詞或副詞形容詞或副詞 die finish begin leave fall sleep close openbe deadbe overbe onbe awaybe asleep be closedbe open4.轉(zhuǎn)換成轉(zhuǎn)換成 be+介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ) go to school join the armybe in schoolbe in the army2) My uncle has come back for 2 day

34、s.My uncle has been back for 2 days.3) The train has left for an hour.The train has been away for an hour.4) The twin brothers have joined the army for 2 years.The twin brothers have been in the army for 2 years.注意點(diǎn)（2）nhave been to 與have gone to 的區(qū)別。 have / has been (to) 表示表示“曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地”，說(shuō)話時(shí)，說(shuō)話時(shí)此人

35、不在那里，已經(jīng)回來(lái)。側(cè)重指經(jīng)歷。此人不在那里，已經(jīng)回來(lái)。側(cè)重指經(jīng)歷。have / has gone (to) 表示某人表示某人“已經(jīng)去某地了已經(jīng)去某地了”，說(shuō)，說(shuō)話時(shí)此人可能在路上或已到那里話時(shí)此人可能在路上或已到那里. He has been to Beijing. 他曾去過(guò)北京。他曾去過(guò)北京。 （人已回來(lái)，可能在這兒）（人已回來(lái)，可能在這兒） He has gone to Beijing. 他已經(jīng)去北京了。他已經(jīng)去北京了。 （人已走，不在這兒）。（人已走，不在這兒）。n一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作動(dòng)

36、作，和現(xiàn)在不，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的發(fā)生關(guān)系。而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是的是現(xiàn)在的現(xiàn)在的情況。情況。n I saw this film yesterday. （只說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去。）（只說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去。）n I have seen this film. （強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）（強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。） n She has returned from Paris.（她已從巴黎回來(lái)了。）（她已從巴黎回來(lái)了。）n She returned yesterday

37、. （她是昨天回來(lái)的。）（她是昨天回來(lái)的。）n He has been in the League for three years. (在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù))n He joined the League three years ago.n ( 三年前入團(tuán)，三年前入團(tuán)，joined為短暫行為。為短暫行為。)n注意：注意：句子中如有一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞句子中如有一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞（如（如 yesterday, last week, in 1960）時(shí)，）時(shí)，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過(guò)去時(shí)。例如：不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過(guò)去時(shí)。例如：n（錯(cuò)錯(cuò)）Tom has written a l

38、etter to his parents last night.n（對(duì)對(duì)）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. ( ) 1. I have watched the game. When _ you _ it? A. have; watched B. do; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch( )2. Mr. Green _ in China since five years ago. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live( )3. His g

39、randma _ for two years. A. died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead BBD( )4. Where is Han Mei now? She _ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days. A. has gone B. has been C. goes D. had gone( )5. _ you _to the United Stated ? No, never,but I went to Canada a few years agoA. Have; been B. Have;

40、 gone C. Did; go D. Do; go( )6. How long have you _ the football team of the school?A. played B. been at C. joined D been on AAD( )7. Where have you _ these days? I have _ to Kunming with my friends.A been , gone B been , been C gone , been D gone, gone( )8. How long have you _ this book?A. bought B. borrowed C. had D. lent( )9. Excuse me, _ you seen the film yet? Yes, I _ it last night.A have, see B have, have seen C have, seen D have,