高中英語語法九大狀語從句講解大全附練習(xí)和答案

1、.【高中語法·狀語從句專輯】狀語從句和名詞性從句、定語從句一樣是高考的高頻考點(diǎn)。通過對(duì)近年高考題的分析，可以預(yù)測(cè)2012年對(duì)狀語從句的考查仍將集中在對(duì)引導(dǎo)幾大狀語從句的連詞的考查上。狀語從句是一種作狀語用的從句，修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或修飾全句，補(bǔ)充說明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、條件、方式、程度、狀態(tài)等。狀語從句的關(guān)鍵是要掌握引導(dǎo)不同狀語從句的常用連接詞和特殊的連接詞即考點(diǎn)。九種狀語從句及常見的引導(dǎo)詞 1、【時(shí)間狀語從句】：when, while, as, before, after, since（自從以來）, till (until), as soon as(剛一馬上就), onc

2、e(一旦), whenever等。特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant=instantly , immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when(1) while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間從句的謂語必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如果while表示“然而”的時(shí)候，就不是時(shí)間狀語從句；表示“雖然”的時(shí)候，是讓步狀語從句，這是必須放句首且不能倒裝。 (2) when 除了表示“當(dāng)時(shí)”（兩個(gè)短暫性動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生），還可以表示

3、“就在那時(shí)”，在前一個(gè)動(dòng)作剛結(jié)束時(shí)就發(fā)生的新動(dòng)作。如I just locked my door when the postman arrived. (3) as 和when一樣，表示兩個(gè)短暫性動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，還可表示“一邊一邊”“隨著” (4) 黨表示“一就”的連接詞時(shí)，可以用到no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when，但是當(dāng)hardly, scarcely, no sooner放于句首時(shí)，主句必須部分倒裝；主句時(shí)態(tài)用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去式。如：No sooner had he sat down than the bell rang. Hardl

4、y had I arrived there when it began to rain. (5) before是高考?？嫉倪B接詞，表示“在做成某事前，需要多久”，常用過去時(shí)和將來時(shí)中。(6) notuntil，在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，要用到It is(was) not untilthat；而not until置于句首時(shí)，需要部分倒裝。 (7) since 常用的句型是：It is (has been) + 時(shí)間 since + 過去時(shí)從句。表示從過去的某時(shí)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的影響。如果主句用過去時(shí)，從句則一般使用過去完成時(shí)。 (8) 在時(shí)間狀語從句中，如果主句是一般將來時(shí)，那么從句需要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（主將從現(xiàn)）

5、。 (9) whenever引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，如Give us a call whenever you need our service. 雖然此處可以等于no matter when, 意義一致，但no matter when只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“不管什么時(shí)候”。 (10) 時(shí)間狀語從句也可用分詞來表示。如Thinking of him, she couldnt help weeping. 此時(shí)thinking of him= when she thought of him.（2011·四川卷）6As it reported, it is 100 years _ Tsingh

6、ua University was founded【D】Awhen Bbefore Cafter Dsince2、【地點(diǎn)狀語從句】：where和wherever。(1) where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句常放謂語動(dòng)詞之后，沒有先行詞！(有了先行詞就是定語從句了，所以狀語從句中的where不能和in which等互換) （2）wherever表示“無論什么地方”，既可引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句，也可做讓步狀語從句=no matter where，引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)，它總是放主句的謂語動(dòng)詞后，做讓步狀語從句時(shí)，它總是放主句前。Where there is a will，there is a way. Generally,

7、 air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. Wherever you go, you should work hard.what I like most is that you can use English wherever you go in the world. 3、【原因狀語從句】： because, as, for, since, now that. (1) 回答why的疑問句，只能用because回答；并且強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，對(duì)原因狀語強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，只能用because引導(dǎo)，如It was because I got up la

8、te that I was late for class. (2) as 語氣比because弱 (3) since= now that，表“既然”，表明顯的原因或事實(shí)，總是位于主句前。Now that具有時(shí)間概念，所引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞多為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。(4) for引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在主句之后，且常常用逗號(hào)隔開。還可表示把結(jié)果為原因，倒果為因的用法。如：It is morning now, for the birds are singing再如：It must have rained last night for the ground is wet this morning（兩句中for都表結(jié)果，倒果

9、為因）特殊引導(dǎo)詞：seeing that, in that, considering that, given that。(1) in that是復(fù)合連詞，表示“在于，在方面”;(2) considering that = seeing that 意為“既然；”“考慮到”，如：considering that I can't afford another test fee, I must pass it this time. (3) 所有引導(dǎo)原因狀語的單詞，都不能和so連用。（2010遼寧）29.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chai

10、r _ he wanted to sit next to his wife. 【C】 Aalthough Bunless Cbecause Dif4、【目的狀語從句】： so that（以便）, in order that（以便），lest, in case, for fear that, in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that等。 (1) lest, in case, for fear that意為“以防萬一”，引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句經(jīng)常要使用虛擬語氣；(2) so that從句常放主句后，in order that放在主句

11、前或后都可以。(3) so that 既可做目的狀語從句，也可作結(jié)果狀語從句。關(guān)鍵看是否有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)從句謂語動(dòng)詞有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，為目的狀語從句，如Just tell me what subject youd like me to talk on so that I could get some notes ready. . 若從句謂語不用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，而多用過去時(shí)，則該句是結(jié)果狀語從句。如：I took an early bus so that I got there in time. We cleaned off the fallen leaves, so that the garden loo

12、ked tidier. （2011·山東卷）28He had his camera ready _ he saw something that would make a good picture【C】Aeven if Bif only Cin case Dso that5、【結(jié)果狀語從句】： so that, sothat, suchthat (1) so that 做目的狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句的區(qū)別，上面已經(jīng)講到了。(2) so + 形容詞(副詞) + that.; such + (形容詞)+ 名詞 +that; (3) 遇到many, much, few, little表數(shù)量的形

13、容詞時(shí)，不管后面有沒有名詞，前面都要用so。 注意例外：such a little boy (此處little是“小”的意思) (4) sothat或suchthat置于句首時(shí)，則要部分倒裝。He got up so early that he caught the first bus. Its such a good chance that we must not miss it. Such a cold day was that Sunday that we had to stay at home. So much did they eat that they could not move

14、 for the next hour. 6、【條件狀語從句】： if, unless, if only, as(so) long as, supposing that, providing that, on condition that, given that都可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。 (1) unless意為“除非，如果不”=if not (2) if only必須用虛擬語氣。 (3) as (so) long as 意為“只要”，沒區(qū)別，但除非表示“與一樣長(zhǎng)”的時(shí)候，這時(shí)so long as則常用于否定句。(4) supposing that = suppose that 表假設(shè) (5) pr

15、oviding that= provided that,意為“如果，只要”。 (6) on condition that表示“以為條件”。(7) given that意為“倘若考慮到”。(8) if條件句有時(shí)可以用祈使句或分詞來替換，如：Think hard, youll come up with a good idea. Not giving up, you will be able to succeed. (8) 條件狀語從句的主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句一般使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。（主將從現(xiàn)）（2010上海）39. our manage objects to Tom's joining th

16、e club, we shall accept him as a member. 【B】A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After7、【方式狀語從句】： as, as if/though, the way。(1) as if = as though, 意為“好想，仿佛”，用法相同，從句即可用陳述語氣，也可用虛擬語氣(非真實(shí)假設(shè))。(2) as 意為“像，猶如，正如”。(3) the way意為“的樣子”，相當(dāng)于“the way (that/ in which)”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。When in Rome, do as the Roman do. She behaved a

17、s if she were the boss. Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us （2011·湖南卷）33 Jack wasnt saying anything but the teacher smiled at him _ he had done something very clever 【A】 A. as if B. in case C. while D. though8、【比較狀語從句】： 這個(gè)狀語從句和形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)關(guān)系很大，常見的關(guān)系詞有：asas, not so/a

18、s as, than等引導(dǎo)。在這種狀語從句中如果謂語動(dòng)詞與主句一致時(shí)，或省略，或用替代詞do, does, did特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the more the more ; just as ， so; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more than; not A so much as B表示倍數(shù)的表示法：(1) A is twice/ three times bigger/ longer.than B; (2) A is twice/ three times as big/ longas B (3) A is twice/ three times the size

19、/ length/ height/ age of B. 請(qǐng)同學(xué)們寫：我的年齡可是你的兩倍哦。(1) (2) (3) 翻譯：She is as bad-tempered as her mother. The house is three times as big as ours. The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. Food is to men what oil is to machine. （2010全國(guó)）26. I have seldom seen my mother _ pleased with my progress as

20、she is now .【A】A. so B. very C. too D. rather9、【讓步狀語從句】： though, although, even if, even though, despite the fact that, whoever, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter who/what/which/when/where/how, whether都可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。(1) as用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝，常倒裝表語，沒有表語倒裝狀語，沒有狀語，倒裝部分謂語。如果表語是名詞，倒裝時(shí)不能

21、加任何冠詞，如Teacher as he is, he cant instruct his own child well. 再如：Much as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal. (狀語提前) (2) while= although，從句只能用在句首，而且不能倒裝。 (3) even if = even though，意為“即使”。如：The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough. (4) although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句常放句首，不能倒裝。(5)

22、 though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可倒裝，也可以不倒裝，句前句后都可以。(6) despite the fact that= in spite of the fact that意為“不管”。(7) whetheror not意為“無論（是否）”，如：Whether you believe it or not, it is true. (8) however+形容詞/副詞 = no matter how+形容詞/ 副詞.意為“無論多么”，如：No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind. (9) whever等一系列連詞，都

23、可以等于no matter wh-，但是whever既可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。而no matter wh只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，絕不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。如：No matter what happened, he would not mind.=Whatever happened, he would not mind. 再如：（錯(cuò)）No matter what you say is of no use now. （對(duì)）Whatever you say is of no use now. (Whatever you say是主語從句) ； 再看：（錯(cuò)）Prisoners have to

24、 eat no matter what they're given, （對(duì)）Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given. （10）讓步狀語從句都不能和but連用，但有時(shí)可與yet連用。（2011·天津卷）5. regular exercise is very importantIts never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime【C】 AIt BAs CAlthough DUnless【狀語從句·高考真題練習(xí)】1. （2011·江西卷）29Plea

25、se call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _ it is convenient to you Awhenever Bhowever Cwhichever Dwherever答案【A】考查狀語從句。句中this afternoon指時(shí)間,所以 or _ it is convenient to you也指時(shí)間。故選擇A。2. （2011·遼寧卷）25No matter how , it is not necessarily lifelessAa desert may be dry Bdry a desert

26、may be Cmay a desert be dry Ddry may a desert be答案【D】考查狀語從句。No matter how修飾形容詞，并且從句倒裝，所以選擇D。3. （2011·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷）22Try she might, Sue couldnt get the door openAif Bwhen Csince Das答案【D】考查狀語從句。As引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句倒裝，所以選擇D。4. （2011·福建卷）33It was April 29,2011 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the

27、 palace hall of the wedding ceremony Athat Bwhen Csince Dbefore答案【B】考查狀語從句。主句It was April 29,2011后是時(shí)間狀語從句。所以選擇B。5. （10福建）26. The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. A. before B. until C. as D. since答案：A6. （10上海）39. our manage objects to

28、 Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After答案：B7. （10安徽）29. The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _they have the interest. A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if答案：C. 8. . Just use this room for the

29、time being, and well offer you a larger one _it becomes availableA. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until答案：A. 9.（10江西）22 Our holiday cost a lot of money. Did it? Well, that doesnt matter_ you enjoyed yourselves.A. as long as B. unless C. as soon as D. though答案：A10.（10全國(guó)）25. Mary made coffee _

30、her guests were finishing their meal .A. so that B. although C. while D. as if 答案：C 然而11. The little boy wont go to sleep _ his mother tells him a story.A. or B. unless C. but D. whether 答案：B12.（10遼寧）29.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _ he wanted to sit next to his wife.Aalthough Bun

31、less Cbecause Dif答案：C13.（10遼寧）34.Its no use having ideas only . Dont worry. Peter can show you _to turn an idea into an act. A. how B. who C. what D. where答案：A14.（10北京） they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. A. As B. While C. Until D. Once答案：D15.（2011&

32、#183;天津卷） regular exercise is very importantIts never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime【C】AIt BAs CAlthough DUnless16.（2011·江西卷）29Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _ it is convenient to you【A】Awhenever Bhowever Cwhichever Dwherever17.（2011·四川卷）4Fra

33、nk insisted that he was not asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up【B】Awhether Balthough Cfor Dso18.（2011·北京卷） volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball【D】ASince BOnce CUnless DWhile 雖然19.（2011·四川卷）As it reported, it is 100 years _ Tsinghua University was founded【D】Awhen Bbefore Cafter Dsince20.（2011·全國(guó)II）It was a nice meal,_