高考英語第一輪語法代詞復(fù)習(xí)1

1、語法復(fù)習(xí)語法復(fù)習(xí) 代詞代詞(1)Aims and demands: 代詞的類別。代詞的類別。1.人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、相互人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞代詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞及關(guān)系代詞的用法。及關(guān)系代詞的用法。分類人人稱稱人稱代詞人稱代詞反身代詞反身代詞物主代詞物主代詞主主 格格賓賓 格格形容詞形容詞性性名詞性名詞性 一一單單 數(shù)數(shù)復(fù)復(fù) 數(shù)數(shù) 二二單單 數(shù)數(shù)復(fù)復(fù) 數(shù)數(shù)三三單單數(shù)數(shù)陽陽 性性陰陰 性性中中 性性復(fù)復(fù) 數(shù)數(shù)Iweyouyouhesheittheymeusyouyouhimheritthemmyselfourselvesyou

2、rselfyourselveshimselfherselfitselfthemselvesmyouryouryourhisheritstheirmineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs指示代詞指示代詞相互代詞相互代詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞連接代詞連接代詞不不定定代代詞詞 this / that , these / those , such, sameeach other , one another who , whom , whose , that , which, what, etcwho , whom , whose , what , which what , wha

3、tever , which , whichever , who , whoever, etcsome , any , every , no , (+ -one/body/thing) all , both , each , either , another , other , neither , none , (a) few , (a) little , one , etc.一、人稱代詞一、人稱代詞.人稱代詞的人稱代詞的主格作主語主格作主語，賓格作動(dòng)詞賓語、介賓格作動(dòng)詞賓語、介詞賓語和表語詞賓語和表語。1) _(they) are our close friends. 2)Jim told _

4、(we) to leave _(he) alone. 3) - Who is knocking at the door? - Its_( I ). 4) _(I )will go with _(she).Dont place so much pressure on _(they).TheyushimmeI herthemI we you you he she it they me us you you him her it them 2.在在than, as引起的從句中，引起的從句中，如不跟其他詞，常如不跟其他詞，?？捎萌朔Q代詞的賓格可用人稱代詞的賓格,如跟其他詞如跟其他詞,則必須用則必須用人

5、稱代詞的主格人稱代詞的主格Tom 比她更聰明。比她更聰明。Tom is more intelligent than her/she (is).露西學(xué)習(xí)比我勤奮。露西學(xué)習(xí)比我勤奮。Lucy works harder than me/I (do).3.在電話用語中常用主格。在電話用語中常用主格。-I wish to speak to Mary. -This is _（she）.she4.在在簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話中，當(dāng)人稱代詞單獨(dú)使用或在中，當(dāng)人稱代詞單獨(dú)使用或在not 后多用賓格。后多用賓格。-Have more wine? -Not me.- I like English. -Me too.5.在介

6、詞在介詞but, except后后,有時(shí)可用主格也可用賓有時(shí)可用主格也可用賓格。格。Nobody knows him except I/me.1 你、我和她將負(fù)責(zé)這起案件。你、我和她將負(fù)責(zé)這起案件。2 張先生讓我和李華去幫他忙。張先生讓我和李華去幫他忙。注意：注意：兩個(gè)以上的人稱代詞并列，其次序排列原則：?jiǎn)蝺蓚€(gè)以上的人稱代詞并列，其次序排列原則：?jiǎn)螖?shù)：二數(shù)：二 三三 一（人稱）；復(fù)數(shù)：一（人稱）；復(fù)數(shù)： 一一 二二 三（人稱）。賓三（人稱）。賓格也一樣。格也一樣。在下列情況中，第一人稱放在前面。在下列情況中，第一人稱放在前面。a. 在承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤，承擔(dān)責(zé)任時(shí)，在承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤，承擔(dān)責(zé)任時(shí)，It was

7、I and John that made her angry. 是我和約翰惹她生氣了。是我和約翰惹她生氣了。b. 在長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩，長(zhǎng)官對(duì)下屬說話時(shí)，如長(zhǎng)官為第一人在長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩，長(zhǎng)官對(duì)下屬說話時(shí)，如長(zhǎng)官為第一人 稱，稱， 如：如：I and you try to finish it.c. 當(dāng)其他人稱代詞或名詞被定語從句修飾時(shí)。當(dāng)其他人稱代詞或名詞被定語從句修飾時(shí)。 You, she and I will be in charge of the case.Mr.Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him.幾個(gè)人稱代詞的特殊用法。幾個(gè)人稱代詞的特殊用法。we/you(口

8、語口語)常用來泛指一般人常用來泛指一般人 she可以代表國(guó)家、船只、大地、月亮等。可以代表國(guó)家、船只、大地、月亮等。The “Titanic” was the largest, wasnt she?二、物主代詞二、物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞只作定語形容詞性物主代詞只作定語,也就是一定要名詞也就是一定要名詞 my our your his her its their1._(they) parents are workers.2. He broke_ (he) arm while playing football with the children. 3. Please put away_( you

9、) books. 4. Have you seen _(I) pen? I cant find it.Their hisyourmy名詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞可作主語、賓語、表語和與可作主語、賓語、表語和與of連用作定語。連用作定語。mine ours yours his hers its theirs1.It is not our classroom. _(we) is on the second floor.2.She didnt bring her pen, so I gave her _(I ).3. The newly - bought computer is not _(he),

10、 its _(she).4. She is a friend of _ (they).Ours minehisherstheirs注意注意:在漢語中，在漢語中，“我的我的”，“你的你的”這類詞有時(shí)可以這類詞有時(shí)可以省掉，英語中物主代詞一般不省掉。省掉，英語中物主代詞一般不省掉。請(qǐng)把作業(yè)本交上來請(qǐng)把作業(yè)本交上來. .他拿起帽子他拿起帽子, ,離開了房間離開了房間. .不要把手放進(jìn)袋子里不要把手放進(jìn)袋子里. . do ones homework in ones spare time in ones twentiesHand in your exercise-books, please.He pic

11、ked up his cap and left the room.Dont put your hands in your pockets.三、反身代詞三、反身代詞myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself itself themselves1.一般情況下，主語和賓語是同一人時(shí)，賓語用反身代詞一般情況下，主語和賓語是同一人時(shí)，賓語用反身代詞 1.我自學(xué)英語我自學(xué)英語. 2.他給自己買了輛小汽車他給自己買了輛小汽車.I teach myself English.He bought himself a car.a. 有些動(dòng)詞可有反身代詞有

12、些動(dòng)詞可有反身代詞bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, b. 用于某些及物動(dòng)詞短語中用于某些及物動(dòng)詞短語中 take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to, etc. 2.反身代詞常和某些動(dòng)詞連用。反身代詞常和某些動(dòng)詞連用。be oneself 處于正常狀態(tài)，顯得自然處于正常狀態(tài)，顯得自然enjoy oneselfhelp oneself to隨便吃用隨便吃用come to oneself蘇醒蘇醒make oneself at home別客氣別客氣dress oneself

13、in = be dressed inseat oneself = be seateddevote oneself to = be devoted to專心于；專心于；忠誠(chéng)于；孝順；獻(xiàn)身于忠誠(chéng)于；孝順；獻(xiàn)身于3. 用于某些固定短語。用于某些固定短語。by oneself: 自己一個(gè)人干（不要?jiǎng)e人幫助），自己一個(gè)人干（不要?jiǎng)e人幫助）， for oneself: 替自己，替自己， 為自己為自己 in oneself: 本身本身between ourselves: 私下說的話（不可告訴別人）私下說的話（不可告訴別人）to oneself: 供自己用供自己用我可以自己做這事我可以自己做這事.I can

14、do it_.她為自己買了條裙子她為自己買了條裙子.She bought a dress_.這本身不是個(gè)壞主意這本身不是個(gè)壞主意.This is not a bad idea_. 這是我們私底下說的話這是我們私底下說的話.All this is_.她有一間屬于自己的房間她有一間屬于自己的房間.She had a room_. 我這幾個(gè)星期身體一直不太好我這幾個(gè)星期身體一直不太好.by myselffor herselfin itselfbetween ourselvesto herselfI havent been myself for weeks.1. This is not my coat

15、. _ is newer than this one. 2. Jim held a party last night. All _ friends came and _ enjoyed _.3. -Who cooks for _ when _ mother is out? -Nobody. I cook for_.4. Bob hurt _. _parents took _ to the hospital.5. This is not her bike. _ is broken. Nobody can help _ to mend_, so _ must mend it all by _.Mi

16、ne HershistheythemselvesyouyourmyselfhimselfHis himheritsheherself綜合練習(xí)一四四 相互代詞相互代詞相互代詞只有相互代詞只有each other和和one another兩個(gè)詞組。兩個(gè)詞組。 他們表示句中動(dòng)詞所敘述的動(dòng)作或感覺在涉及他們表示句中動(dòng)詞所敘述的動(dòng)作或感覺在涉及的各個(gè)的各個(gè) 對(duì)象之間是相互存在的，例如：對(duì)象之間是相互存在的，例如：It is easy to see that the people of different cultures have always copied each other.顯而易見，不同文化的人

17、總是相互借鑒的。顯而易見，不同文化的人總是相互借鑒的。 五五. 指示代詞指示代詞: this, that, these, those, such, samethis (these)一般指時(shí)間或空間上較近的人或物；一般指時(shí)間或空間上較近的人或物； that (those)常指時(shí)間或空間較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。常指時(shí)間或空間較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。This is my desk and that is yours.In those days they could not go to school.These days we are very busy.this常指后面要講到的事物，有啟下的作用；常指后面要講到的事物，

18、有啟下的作用； that則指前面講到過的事物，有承上的作用。則指前面講到過的事物，有承上的作用。I want to tell you this: the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon.He hurt his leg yesterday. Thats why he didnt come.尤其在比較句型中；如果這個(gè)名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，用尤其在比較句型中；如果這個(gè)名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，用one/ the one的時(shí)候更多一些。的時(shí)候更多一些。為了避免重復(fù)，常用為了避免重復(fù)，常用that或或those代替前面已提過的名詞代替前面已提過的

19、名詞The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.特指：特指：it 同名同物同名同物 that同名異物（單數(shù)可數(shù)同名異物（單數(shù)可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞）不可數(shù)名詞） the one單數(shù)可數(shù)單數(shù)可數(shù) those-復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)泛指：泛指：one單數(shù)可數(shù)；單數(shù)可數(shù)； ones復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)后面接有后面接有of短語，用短語，用that或者或者those區(qū)分幾個(gè)替代詞區(qū)分幾個(gè)替代詞1)These machines are better than _we tu

20、rned out last year. 2)The oil output in 2001 was much higher than _of 1986.3)My room was brighter than _next door.4)The weather of Australia is quite different from _of China.thosethatthe onethatthis 和和that 有時(shí)還可以用來表示程度有時(shí)還可以用來表示程度,譯成譯成“這么；這么；那么那么” I only have this much. Is it enough? I never thought

21、an opera can be that interesting. that 的的 其它一些詞組其它一些詞組.1.like that 這樣這樣 eg: Dont do it like that.2. that is (to say). 也就是說也就是說 Well have summer holiday this day next week,that is (to say), next Thursday. 3. thats all 就這些就這些 eg: Just dont do it again, thats all. 4. now (that) 既然既然eg: Now that dinner is ready, wash your hands. such和和same的用法。的用法。such指指“這樣的這樣的”人或事，在句中作主語和定人或事，在句中作主語和定語。語。Such was the story.We have never seen such a tall building.same指指“同樣的同樣的”人或事，在句中作主語、人或事，