過去時和現(xiàn)在時的區(qū)別（課堂PPT）

1、1 1一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別2 2He - (am) born 500 years ago.waswas3 3She -(win) the gold medal in 2008 Olympic Games.won4 4He - (am) born 500 years ago.waswasShe -(win) the gold medal in 2008 Olympic Games.won5 5用法：用法：1.強調(diào)動作發(fā)生并結(jié)束在過去時間里。時間狀語有： yesterday，last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1995， just now等。

2、例如: A: Where did you go just now? B: I went to the park. I watched a movie last night. I was born in 1995.2. 表示在過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或過去性的動作。例如: When I was a child, I often played football in the playground.Part1 Part1 一般過去時一般過去時6 63.一般過去時的形式有時并不表示過去的動作而是只表示說話人的委婉語氣。例如：Could you please tell me your name? Woul

3、d you mind closing the door?7 7He was born 500 years ago.She won the gold medal in 2008 Olympic Games.肯定形式：主語+動詞過去式+其他基本構成基本構成: : He was not born 500 years ago.She didnt win the gold medal in 2008 Olympic Games.否定形式：主語+was/were+not +其他 主語+didnt +謂語動詞原型+其他 Was he born 500 years ago?Did she win the go

4、ld medal in 2008 Olympic Games?一般疑問句: Was/Were+主語+表語? Did+主語+謂語動詞原型+其他? 8 89 9動詞過去式不規(guī)則變化動詞過去式不規(guī)則變化1010過去時構成用法常用時間主語+動詞過去式+其他Two days ago11111. He (work) in that bank four years ago.2. I (see) him yesterday.3. I (buy) a coat just now.4. My mother (be) a worker 20 years ago.5. Why did your brother (cr

5、y) last night?課堂練習題：課堂練習題：workedworkedsawsawboughtboughtwaswascrycry1212I -(come) to Hangzhou before.have comehave come1313I - （learn) English for 10 years. have learnedhave learned1414I -(come) to Hangzhou before.have comehave comeI - （learn) English for 10 years. have learnedhave learned1515用法：用法：

6、1.表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.例如：A: Do you want to go to Beijing for a trip?B: I have gone to Beijing before. (強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，我已經(jīng)去過北京了，目前應該不打算去。)Part2 Part2 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時16162.現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)動作是從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并有可能繼續(xù)下去. 常用的時間狀語：for, ever, before, already, yet, just, since, recently, in the past few years等例如：He has taught in our s

7、chool for 30 years.他在我們學校教書已有30年了。He has been busy since last week.自上個星期以來他一直很忙。He has finished his homework already.Have you ever been to Beijing?I have just eaten 3 eggs.1717基本結(jié)構：基本結(jié)構：I have come to Hangzhou before.肯定形式：主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他I havent come to Hangzhou before.否定形式：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+

8、其他Have you come to Hangzhou before?一般疑問句:Have/Has+主語+動詞的過去分詞+其他1818構成用法常用時間主語+have/has+過去分詞1919課堂練習題：課堂練習題：1. he (finish) his work today? Not yet.2. I (work) here since I (move) here in 1999.3. So far I (make) quite a few friends here.4. My father just (come) back from work. He is tired now.5. She (

9、write) this novel（小說） for four years.Hasfinishedhave workedmovedhave madehascomehas written2020Part3 Part3 兩種時態(tài)的區(qū)分兩種時態(tài)的區(qū)分1.過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調(diào)動作動作；現(xiàn)在完成時為過去發(fā)生的，強調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強調(diào)的是影響影響。例如：I saw this film yesterday. （強調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了。） I have seen this film before. （強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。） 21212.過去時常與具體

10、的時間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。例如：She returned yesterday.I watched a movie last night.He has been in New York for many years.Have you ever been to Beijing？22223.現(xiàn)在完成時可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，動詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 過去時常用的非持續(xù)性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get marr

11、ied等。例如：I have learned English since 8 years old.I have lived in Hangzhou for 3 years.I went to Beijing last year. She became a teacher in 1990.2323課堂練習題：課堂練習題：1. I already (see) the film. I (see) it last week.2. You can switch off the radio now. I (hear) the news already. I (hear) it just now. 3. J

12、im (make) many friends since he _(come) to China. 4. They usually (go) fishing when they lived there. 5. How long she (be) ill?haveseensawhave heardhas madecamewenthasbeenheard2424課外作業(yè)課外作業(yè)基礎題基礎題I. 用括號內(nèi)的一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時形式完成下列句子。1. They (go)_ to America last year.2. Im sorry. I (forget)_ your name.3. My fr

13、iend (finish) _ college last year.4. He (not speak)_ to me since we quarrel（爭吵）.5. She (rise)_ with the first rays of the sun this morning.6. My uncle (buy)_ a bike last month.7. He (never visit)_ Hangzhou before.8. The man (lose)_ a large sum of money this morning.9. I (read)_ that book through in

14、the library.10. I (get )_back the umbrella I left in the bus.2525II. 單項填空。1. Im sorry, Cathy, I _ your radio for such a long time. Never mind. A. have borrowed B. have lent C. have kept D. have returned2. Where have you _ these days? I have _ to Yangzhou with my friends. A. been, gone B. been, been

15、C. gone, been D. gone, gone3. Where is your father? We havent seen each other for weeks. _. A. He has been to America B. He has gone to England C. He is going to Australia D. He would visit my grandparents26264. They have _ since the factory opened. A. left the school B. joined the team C. become wo

16、rkers D. worked here5. Jim _ the Great Wall many times. A. went to B. goes to C. has gone to D. has been to6. It _ ten years since they _ to France. A. was, moved B. was, have moved C. is, have moved D. is, moved7. _ to the United States? No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago. A. Have you

17、been B. Have you gone C. Did you go D. Will you go27278. I wont go to see the film tonight because I _ my ticket. A. didnt lose B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt have9. Miss Wu has taught in this school _. A. for ten years B. ten years ago C. since ten years D. for ten years ago10. I _ todays homew

18、ork already. What about you? A. have finished B. finish C. to finish D. finishing2828提高題：提高題： Mr. Johnson had a factory. He once 1 on TV that animals could be taught to 2 some work for people if they were given 3 to eat. He loved the idea. He thought it would be 4 to have a dog look after his 5 and an elephant do som