公開課件Unit3LifeinthefutureGrammar語法_過去分詞

1、Unit 3 life in the futureUnit 3 life in the futureGrammar Verb-ed form 1.These are babies who are cloned. They are_ (clone) babies.2.There are two glasses which are broken.There are two _ (break) glasses.clonedbroken A verb-ed form can be used as an attribute(定語定語): ( passive meaning) 1. Japan is a

2、_ country.developed2. He is a _teacher. retired A verb-ed form can be used as an attribute(定語定語):( past meaning) A verb-ed can appear after a noun to modify the noun like an attribute does. 1.This is a house that was burnt down in the fire yesterday. This is a house_ _ in the fire yesterday. burntdo

3、wn 2.This is a bowl that was found in the tomb. This is a bowl _ in the tomb. found 1. When the cat found all fish gone, it felt_ (surprise). surprised 2.The boys are playing foot- ball. They are very _ (delight). delighted A verb-ed form can be used as predicative(表語表語). A verb-ed form can be used

4、as an object complement(賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)). 1. After the robbery, they found the window_. broken2. After the flood, we found some people _ in the water. trappedFind three more sentences with past participles used as the adverbial. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. Hit by a lack o

5、f fresh air, my head ached. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast sleep._ (attack) by a wolf, the sheep was very afraid.AttackedWhen the sheep is attacked by a wolf, it is very afraid. Greatly _(touch) by the teachers words, she did a lot of things to help her classmates.touchedBecause the girl w

6、as greatly touched by her teachers words, she did a lot of things to help her classmates.1)Attacked by a wolf, the sheep was very afraid. 2)Greatly touched by the teachers words, she did a lot of things to help her classmates. The past participle(過去分詞過去分詞) is used as adverbial.(狀語狀語)過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語 1

7、. 過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語表示過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語表示_的的和和_的動(dòng)作。的動(dòng)作。2. 過去分詞作狀語時(shí)其過去分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語邏輯主語為主句的為主句的主語主語，此時(shí)應(yīng)注意此時(shí)應(yīng)注意主語人稱一致主語人稱一致。被動(dòng)被動(dòng)完成完成The sheep was very afraidThe sheep was attacked by a wolf.SummarySummary 過去分詞表完成、被動(dòng)過去分詞表完成、被動(dòng), 作狀語時(shí)作狀語時(shí),其其邏輯主語是主句的主語邏輯主語是主句的主語, 且與主語之間且與主語之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系。過去分詞作狀語可表存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系。過去分詞作狀語可表時(shí)間時(shí)間,

8、 原因原因, 讓步讓步, 結(jié)果結(jié)果, 方式方式, 條件等。條件等。過去分詞作時(shí)間狀語過去分詞作時(shí)間狀語(when,while,until)1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water. When heated, ice will be changed into water.過去分詞作原因狀語過去分詞作原因狀語1. Since/ As she was given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. Given advice by the

9、 famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid.2. Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.過去分詞作條件或者假設(shè)狀語過去分詞作條件或者假設(shè)狀語(if,unless) If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better. Given mor

10、e attention, the cabbages could have grown better.2. If I am compared with you, I still have a long way to go. Compared with you, I still have a long way to go.作方式或作方式或伴隨伴隨情況狀語情況狀語(相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于and連接的并列句連接的并列句) The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog. The hunter left his house, followed b

11、y his dog. 2. She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought. She sat by the window, lost in thought. lost 表示一種迷失心理狀態(tài)表示一種迷失心理狀態(tài)1) 過去分詞在句子中可以作時(shí)間狀語、過去分詞在句子中可以作時(shí)間狀語、原因狀語、伴隨狀語、條件狀語和讓原因狀語、伴隨狀語、條件狀語和讓步狀語等步狀語等,表表被動(dòng)被動(dòng)或或完成完成。2) 過去分詞作狀語時(shí)過去分詞作狀語時(shí), ,過去分詞的邏輯主過去分詞的邏輯主語與句子語與句子主語主語一致。一致。SummaryThe teacher enter

12、ed the office, and she was followed by a group of students.（方式，伴隨狀語）（方式，伴隨狀語）Followed by a group of students, the teacher entered the office. If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall.United, we stand; divided, we fall.（條件狀語）（條件狀語）用過去分詞作狀語來改寫句子。用過去分詞作狀語來改寫句子。As I was worried about the j

13、ourney, I was unsettled for the first few days. _ , I was unsettled for the first few days.Worried about the journey2. If he is given time, hell make a first-class tennis player. _ , hell make a first-class tennis player.3) As I was confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh ai

14、r. _, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.Given timeConfused by the new surroundings4) When he was questioned by the police about the fire, he became tense. _ _ _, he became tense. Questioned by the police about the fire1. Asked what had happened, he told us about it. When he was asked what had happe

15、ned, he told us about it.2. Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.Because he was well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.3. Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better. If we were given more time, we w

16、ould be able to do the work much better. 4. Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all. Although he was left alone at home，Sam did not feel afraid at all.過去分詞作定語有前置和后置兩種情況過去分詞作定語有前置和后置兩種情況: 單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語, 通常放在被修通常放在被修飾的名詞之前飾的名詞之前, 表示被動(dòng)和完成意義。表示被動(dòng)和完成意義。1.前置定語前置定語被動(dòng)意義：被動(dòng)意義：an honored gue

17、st 一位受尊敬的客人一位受尊敬的客人 (受傷的工人受傷的工人)are now being taken good care of in the hospital.B.完成意義完成意義a retired teacher 一位退休的教師一位退休的教師They are cleaning (落葉落葉) in the yard.The injured workersthe fallen leaves2.后置定語后置定語 過去分詞短語作定語時(shí)過去分詞短語作定語時(shí), 通常放在被修飾通常放在被修飾的名詞之后的名詞之后, 它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。This will be the

18、best novel of its kind ever written.=Who were the so-called guests invited (= ) to your part last night?that has ever been writtenwho had been invited 如果被修飾的詞是由如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞those等時(shí)，即使一個(gè)單一的分詞作形容詞用，等時(shí)，即使一個(gè)單一的分詞作形容詞用，也要放在被修飾詞的后面。也要放在被修飾詞的后面。 例如：例如

19、： Is there anything unsolved? There is noting changed here since I left this town. 注意注意: : 1. I like reading the novels _ (write ) by Zhang Ailing.2. The girl _ (write) a letter in the study is my cousin.3.There is something wrong with my car and I have to get it _ (repair).writtenwritingrepairedFil

20、ling in the blanks.4. I want the doors of my new house _ (paint) white.5. There was a _ (surprise) look on his face.6. He was _ (excite) at the good news. 7. The story was so _ (move) that he was _ (move) to tears.paintedsurprisedexcitedmovingmoved_ from the top of the hill, the sea is very beautifu

21、l. _ from the top of the hill, I like the city very much. Seen Seeing (see)_ for a long time, the book looks old._ the book, I find it useful. Used Using(use)Difference:選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。如果句子的如果句子的主語主語和分詞的和分詞的邏輯主語邏輯主語是是_ 用用現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞，句子的主語和分詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語和分詞的邏輯主語是 _ 用過去用過去分詞分詞。

22、主動(dòng)關(guān)系主動(dòng)關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系 I noticed an_ (amaze) difference. I was_ (amaze) at the great differences.但但: 1)Her _(frighten) voice suggested she was _(frighten). 2)We knew from his _ (disappoint) look that he didnt pass the test.2.Can you tell me why the _sun looks much bigger than the_ sun? (rise)amazingamazed

23、frightenedfrighteneddisappointedrisingrisen4. The professor went out, _(follow) by his students. He came in, with four little dogs_ him. He came in, _ by four little dogs.5.The child spoke loudly so as to make himself_. _ the bad news, she burst into tears. ( hear )6.The little girl came in, _(carry

24、) a cake with eight _(light) candles on it.7.When_(boil), ice will change into water. When_ (leave) the airport, he waved to us again.8.It was a pity the writer died with his novel_ (unfinish)9. With the boy _(lead) the way, we found the house easily.followedfollowingfollowed heard Hearing carrying

25、lighted boiled leaving unfinished leading On National Day I attended my friends wedding. When we got there, we saw a car that is decorated with beautiful flowers coming to us. It stopped before us. The bride(新娘新娘) came out of the car. She was followed by many people. She entered the modern building.

26、 At the wedding, the couple told everybody they would go to Tibet to teach the students in the poor area next month. They said:” if the students are given more attention, they would do better”. I was inspired by what they had said. I made up my mind to devote myself to teaching career. On National D

27、ay I attended my friends wedding. When we got there, we saw a car that is decorated with beautiful flowers coming to us. It stopped before us. The bride(新娘新娘) came out of the car. She was followed by many people. She entered the modern building. At the wedding, the couple told everybody they would g

28、o to Tibet to teach the students in the poor area next month. They said:” if the students are given more attention, they would do better”. I was inspired by what they had said. I made up my mind to devote myself to teaching career.When we got there, we saw a car decorated with beautiful flowers comi

29、ng to us.When we got there, we saw a car that is decorated with beautiful flowers coming to us.Followed by many people, she entered the modern building.She was followed by many people. She entered the modern building.Given more attention, the students would do better.If the students are given more a

30、ttention, they would do betterInspired by what they had said, I made up my mind to devote myself to teaching career.I was inspired by what they had said. I made up my mind to devote myself to teaching career. On National Day I attended my friends wedding. When we got there, we saw a car decorated with beautiful flowers coming to us. It stopped before us. The bride came out of the car. Followed by many people, she entered the modern building. At the wedding, they told everybody they would go to Tibet to teach th