必修三 Unit1 festivals and celebrations

1、Festivals and celebrations節(jié)日和慶典Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient time. Of all kinds: 各種各樣的 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have done +動(dòng)詞過去分詞 Ancient time 古代 Held 是 hold 的過去式，舉行的意思 各種各樣的節(jié)日和慶典被世界各地舉行，自從古代。 自古以來，世界各地舉行了各種各樣的節(jié)日和慶典。Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of col

2、d weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. The end of sth. : 的結(jié)尾或結(jié)束 Weather 天氣；plant 種植； 大多數(shù)古代的節(jié)日都慶祝嚴(yán)寒天氣的結(jié)束、春天的播種和秋天的收獲。Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals. 有時(shí)，慶典會(huì)舉行在獵人捕獲獵物之后 有時(shí)，在獵人捕獲獵物后，也舉行慶典活動(dòng)。At that time people would starve if food was difficult to fin

3、d, especially during the cold winter months. sth. be + adj +不定式：句型用不定式來表主動(dòng)。 Especially 特別地 在那個(gè)時(shí)代，人們會(huì)餓死，如果食物太難找，特別是在寒冷的冬月。 在那個(gè)時(shí)代，如果食物太難找，人們會(huì)餓死，特別是在寒冷的冬月。Todays festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events. origin: 起源，來由 religious：宗教的 現(xiàn)在的節(jié)日有許多由來，一些是

4、宗教上的，一些是季節(jié)性的，一些是紀(jì)念特殊的人和事件的。Festival of the dead亡靈節(jié) Some festivals are held to honor the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. Honor,同honour, 紀(jì)念 The dead 死去的人 有些節(jié)日是為紀(jì)念死去的人，或使祖先得到滿足，因?yàn)樽嫦葌兛赡芑氐绞郎咸峁椭部赡軒砦：Α?For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to

5、clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. Clean graves ：掃墓 In memory of ：紀(jì)念 在日本的盂蘭盆節(jié)，人們要掃墓、燃香，以紀(jì)念祖先。They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. Light lamp: 點(diǎn)燈籠 Back to earth: 回到人世間 他們還點(diǎn)燈籠和放音樂，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這樣做能引導(dǎo)祖先們回到人世間。In Mexi

6、co, people celebrate the day of the dead in early November. 在墨西哥，亡靈節(jié)是在11月初。On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with bone on them.In the shape of : 以形狀在這個(gè)重要的節(jié)日里，人們會(huì)吃制成骨頭形狀的食物和帶有“骨頭”裝飾的蛋糕。They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. 他們向亡者獻(xiàn)上食物、鮮花和禮物。 The wes

7、tern holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the spirits of dead people. Have its origin in sth. : 起源于 Spirit: 靈魂、精神 西方節(jié)日萬圣節(jié)也源自人們對于亡者的靈魂的古老的信念。Its now childrens festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbors homes to ask for sweets. If the neighbors do not give any swe

8、ets, the children might play a trick on them. Dress up : 打扮 Neighbor: 鄰居 Ask for :要、請求 Play a trick on sb. : 向開玩笑、捉弄 萬圣節(jié)如今成了小孩子的節(jié)日，在這一天，他們可以喬裝打扮上鄰居家要糖果吃。如果鄰居不給糖果，小孩子可以捉弄他們。Festival to honor people紀(jì)念名人的節(jié)日 Festivals can also be held to honor famous people. The dragon boat festival in china honors the

9、famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. 也有紀(jì)念名人的節(jié)日。中國的端午節(jié)是紀(jì)念古代著名詩人屈原的。In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World. The arrival of : 的到達(dá) 美國的哥倫布日是紀(jì)念克里斯托弗.哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)“新大陸”的日子。India has a national festival on October 2th to honor Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped ga

10、in Indias independence from Britain. gain independence from sb. 從sb.得到自由 Help sb. do sth. 幫助某人做某事 the leader 是指Gandhi，而who helped gain這個(gè)句子是用來說明the leader的。 印度在10月2號(hào)有個(gè)全國性節(jié)日，紀(jì)念甘地，他是幫助印度擺脫英國而獨(dú)立的領(lǐng)袖。Harvest festival慶祝豐收的節(jié)日 People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricult

11、ural work is over. grateful: 感激的 gather：收集 for the winter: 越冬 因?yàn)樵蕉募Z食收集起來了，農(nóng)活也結(jié)束了，人們心懷感激之情。In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruits, and will get together to have meals. European：歐洲的；Europe：歐洲 decorate sth. with sth. 用來裝飾 Church: 教堂 Town hal

12、l: 市政廳 在歐洲國家，人們通常用花果來裝飾教堂和市政廳，在一起聚餐。China and Japan have Mid-autumn Festivals, when people admired the moon.Admire the moon : 賞月中國和日本都有中秋節(jié)，這時(shí)，人們會(huì)賞月。在中國，人們還品嘗月餅。 Some people might win awards for their farm produce.Win award for : 因而獲獎(jiǎng)有些人還可能因?yàn)樗麄兊霓r(nóng)產(chǎn)品而獲獎(jiǎng)。Spring festivals春天的節(jié)日 The most energetic and impo

13、rtant festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. energetic:有活力的 Look forward to (doing) sth.: 期待（做某事） the one: 代指主語 最富有生氣又最重要的節(jié)日，就是告別冬天并迎來春天的日子。At the spring festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in re

14、d paper. Lucky money: 壓歲錢 In red paper :紅包 在中國的春節(jié)里，人們會(huì)吃餃子、魚和肉，并會(huì)給孩子紅紙包著的壓歲錢。Some western countries have very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. 在一些西方國家有激動(dòng)人心的狂歡節(jié)，通常是在二月，復(fù)活節(jié)前的四十天。These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and nigh

15、t, loud music and colorful clothing of all kinds. 狂歡節(jié)期間，人們身著各種艷麗的節(jié)日盛裝，伴隨著鼓噪的音樂，在街頭游行，晝夜跳舞。Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world. Sth. is important for sb. 對某人來說，某事是十分重要的。 對于世界各地的基督教徒來說，復(fù)活節(jié)是十分重要的宗教上的和公眾的節(jié)日。It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead

16、and the coming of spring and new life. Jesus：耶穌，他在復(fù)活節(jié)會(huì)復(fù)活。 復(fù)活節(jié)慶祝耶穌的復(fù)活、新生命和春天的到來。Japans Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. 櫻花節(jié) Cherry 櫻花；Blossom 花開； 不久，日本就迎來了櫻花節(jié)The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. as though : 好像 be covered with sth. 被某物所覆蓋 整個(gè)國家被櫻花所覆蓋，就好像披滿了粉紅的雪。 covered with cherry tree flowers用來修飾the country.People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with eac