《Unit 1 A land of diversity》

1、This is the map of the _.USAWarming up ( 5m) Look at the map of the USA with your group. Write on the map the names of as many of the following as you can.Ocean on the east coast _Ocean on the west cost _Country to the north of USA _Country to the south of USA _Mountains range in the west _Atlantic

2、OceanPacific OceanCanadaMexico Rocky MountainsGreat Lakes : Longest river in the USA :Some important cities:Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie and OntarioMississippi RiverNew York, Washington D C, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Chicago, New OrleansCalifornia (one of the 50 states of the USA)CALIFORNIA (th

3、e Golden State)Lying on the Ocean, California is on the coast of the United States, which is diverse in topography(地形地形),climate and ecological environment. It has an area of 411 square kilometers, and it is one of the US states of the population, with the most developed economy. Meanwhile ,its plea

4、sant weather, long beach, and graceful natural landscape make the prosperous.Pacific west largesttourismPre-reading-(2 m) Native California IndiansCalifornia gold miners around 1849Chinatowns in CaliforniaA land of diversitySkimming: answer the following questions: Who were the first to arrive in Ca

5、lifornia to rush for gold? When and why did the large number of Chinese immigrate to California? What attracted people from different parts of the world to immigrate to California?1. Who were the first to arrive in California to rush for gold?2. When and why did the large number of Chinese immigrate

6、 to California?Keys: South Americans and people from the United States.During the gold rush period, many Chinese immigrated to California to achieve their dream of becoming rich, and in the 1860s, a large number of Chinese went there to build the railway from the west to east coast.3. What attracted

7、 people from different parts of the world to immigrate to California?Keys:The temperate climate, the modern lifestyle and its diverse cultures attracted immigrates to California.Detailed reading I Read paragraph 1 to paragraph 5 again and try to fill in the form, you can have a discussion in group o

8、f four.StagePeopleTimeEventNative AmericansAsians15000Natives1600sSpanish Spanish 1600s1800s18211846Russians Russians 1800sGold miners South Americans Europeans Asians18481850Arrived firstSuffered by EuropeansTook natives landRuled by SpainBecame part of Mexico Declared war;give backSettled inDiscov

9、ered&rush for goldBecame a state California is the third largest state in the 序數(shù)詞可以修飾形容詞的最高級序數(shù)詞可以修飾形容詞的最高級 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 可以修飾形容詞最高級的詞：可以修飾形容詞最高級的詞：far / by far /much可以修飾比較的詞：可以修飾比較的詞：no / a little / a bit / any / slightly You re standing too near the came

10、ra . Can you move _?A a bit far B a little farther C a bit of farther D a little far 2. population un / cn. 人口人口 The population of China_ large. And 70% of the population of China_ peasants. 表示整體人口時(shí)謂語動詞用單數(shù)，表示部表示整體人口時(shí)謂語動詞用單數(shù)，表示部分人口時(shí)謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。分人口時(shí)謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 而形容人口的多而形容人口的多少通常用少通常用large / small. isare對人口的多少

11、進(jìn)行疑問時(shí)，可用對人口的多少進(jìn)行疑問時(shí)，可用Whats the population of .?Whats the population of Guangdong? have a population of . 有多少人口有多少人口China has a population of 1.3 billion.an increase / growth in population 人口人口3. multicultural adj. multi- 多、多方面、多方向的多、多方面、多方向的 multi-coloured 多色的多色的 multi-racial 多種族的多種族的 multi-media 多

12、媒體多媒體4. When the first people arrived in what we now know as California,賓語從句賓語從句= the place that we now know as California. 定語從句定語從句George Washington was born in _ is now the state of Virginia. which B. where C. that D. what = George Washington was born in the place that is now the state of Virginia

13、. D Pudong Development Zone is no longer a rural area _ it used to be.2. Pudong Development Zone is no longer _ it used to be. A. what B. where C. that D. thereCA定語從句定語從句, 先行詞是先行詞是, 作關(guān)系詞作關(guān)系詞表語從句表語從句 1 However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand yea

14、rs ago.It is likely/possible/probable that sb/sth is likely to do sth某人某人/ /物有可能做某事物有可能做某事注意注意: likely 比較級為比較級為 likelier, 最高級為最高級為 likelieste.g. She is _to succeed. 她有可能會成功她有可能會成功. = It is likely that she will succeed.likelyThis is a _story.這是一個有可能發(fā)生的故事這是一個有可能發(fā)生的故事.likely辨析辨析: likely, possible, prob

15、able 按可能性程度按可能性程度,probable可能性最大可能性最大,其次為其次為likely, 最小為最小為possible.但需要注意的是但需要注意的是,likely的主語的主語可以是人可以是人,但但possible, probable卻只能用形式主語卻只能用形式主語it.5. by means of: by using 用用辦法，借助辦法，借助 He crossed the river by means of a raft. We express out feelings by means of words. 小偷想從一條暗道逃走，但被捉住了。小偷想從一條暗道逃走，但被捉住了。 Th

16、e thief had wanted to escape by means of a secret tunnel, but was caught. means 單復(fù)數(shù)同形。單復(fù)數(shù)同形。 All possible means have been tried. The quickest means of travel is by plane. 2.In addition, many died from the disease brought by Europeans.in addition to: 除此之外除此之外,另外另外,加之加之 e.g. I met my past teacher and

17、some former classmates _ in the supermarket.我在超市里遇見了我以前的老師我在超市里遇見了我以前的老師,還有些同班同學(xué)還有些同班同學(xué).in addition_cakes and candies, guests were also provided with fruits.除了有蛋糕和糖果除了有蛋糕和糖果,還給客人們準(zhǔn)備了水果還給客人們準(zhǔn)備了水果.In addition to 2.In addition, many died from the disease brought by Europeans.in addition to: 除此之外除此之外,另外

18、另外,加之加之 e.g. I met my past teacher and some former classmates _ in the supermarket.我在超市里遇見了我以前的老師我在超市里遇見了我以前的老師,還有些同班同學(xué)還有些同班同學(xué).in addition_cakes and candies, guests were also provided with fruits.除了有蛋糕和糖果除了有蛋糕和糖果,還給客人們準(zhǔn)備了水果還給客人們準(zhǔn)備了水果.In addition to brought by Europeans 為過去分詞作定語為過去分詞作定語,相相當(dāng)于當(dāng)于which w

19、ere brought by Europeans, 注意注意單個分詞作定語放在所修飾的詞前面單個分詞作定語放在所修飾的詞前面,分詞短語分詞短語作定語需放在所修飾的詞之后作定語需放在所修飾的詞之后.English is a _ language.英語是一種被廣泛使用的語言英語是一種被廣泛使用的語言.widely usedThis is one of the schools _ in 1980s. 這是八十年代所建的學(xué)校之一這是八十年代所建的學(xué)校之一.built3. However, some survived these terrible times today there are more N

20、ative Americans livingin California than in any other state. to not die in an accident, on war or froman illness.幸免幸免,幸免于難幸免于難e.g. Only 12 of the 140 passengers _ 在在140名乘客中只有名乘客中只有12人幸免于難人幸免于難.survivesurvived2)to continue to live normally and not be too Upset by the problems. 挺過來挺過來,掙扎過下去掙扎過下去e.g. I

21、 dont think I _ another Year as a teacher; just too stressful.could survive3)To live longer than someone else, usually someone closely related to you 比比(某人某人)長壽長壽,比比(通常指親人通常指親人)活的更長活的更長e.g. Harry _his wife by three months. 哈里比他妻子多活了三個月哈里比他妻子多活了三個月.survivedliving in California 為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語,相當(dāng)

22、相當(dāng)于定語從句于定語從句who live in California. 現(xiàn)在分詞一般現(xiàn)在分詞一般表示經(jīng)常性的動作或現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)表示經(jīng)常性的動作或現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài),也可以表示動作現(xiàn)在也可以表示動作現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生或者與謂語動詞所表示的的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生正在發(fā)生或者與謂語動詞所表示的的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生.e.g. There are three types of tiger living inChina (that live in China).目前中國有三種虎目前中國有三種虎.The picture hanging (that is hanging) on thewall is painted by my nephe

23、w.墻上掛著的那幅畫是我侄兒畫的墻上掛著的那幅畫是我侄兒畫的.4. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men who came to teach the Catholic region to the natives. majority : most of the people or things in a Particular group.e.g. Those who favor the proposal are _.贊成該提案者占多數(shù)贊成該提案者占多數(shù)._approved the pol

24、icy.大多數(shù)的人贊同該提案大多數(shù)的人贊同該提案.in the majorityThe great majority7. majority n. 大多數(shù)大多數(shù) The majority_ for the budget. The majority of students _ hard-working. The majority of the damage _ easy to repair. 單獨(dú)做主語時(shí)，若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，單獨(dú)做主語時(shí)，若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)， 強(qiáng)調(diào)個體時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)強(qiáng)調(diào)個體時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù) 。 the majority of + n. 后可用不可數(shù)名詞，也可

25、用后可用不可數(shù)名詞，也可用 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù), 謂語動詞由后面的名詞決定。謂語動詞由后面的名詞決定。 minority 少數(shù)的少數(shù)的was / wereareis8. declare vt. 1）To make known publicly or officially 宣布宣布,宣告宣告 The chairman declared the results of the election. War was declared on the enemy. 警方現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)對這個地區(qū)的毒販宣戰(zhàn)了警方現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)對這個地區(qū)的毒販宣戰(zhàn)了. The police have declared war on d

26、rug dealers in this area. 2）To state with great forces so that there is no doubt about the meaning. 宣稱宣稱,聲稱聲稱,斷言斷言 She solemnly declared that she knew nothing about it. 他鄭重聲明此事屬實(shí)他鄭重聲明此事屬實(shí). He declared that it was true. 9. Russian- Americans 美籍俄羅斯人美籍俄羅斯人 Chinese Americans 美籍華人美籍華人10. make a life 開始新生

27、活，習(xí)慣于新的生活方式開始新生活，習(xí)慣于新的生活方式 Many farmers go to the big cities to make a life. Its not easy to make a life in a new country. 11. it was the building of the railway from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句強(qiáng)調(diào)句 12. immigrant: who immigrates 移民者移民者 i

28、mmigrate : come as a settler 移民 Lots of the rich choose to immigrate to another country, nowadays. 13. percentage: - What percentage of students in your school go to college ? - 97 percent . percentage 百分比，百分率，百分比，百分率， 前面不能用前面不能用具體具體 的數(shù)據(jù)。的數(shù)據(jù)。 percent 百分之百分之， 通常有具體的數(shù)據(jù)。通常有具體的數(shù)據(jù)。 14.It is believed that

29、 It is said that It is hoped that It is supposed that It is suggested that It is reported that 主語從句主語從句It is reported that some European countries are flooded severely . It is hoped that the cost of medical care can be cut down. 15. mix 混合混合 n. We have to come up with a mix of policies to please the voters.v. You can mix yellow and blue together to make green. We can not mix work with pleasure. mixture n. 混合物混合物,混合體混合體 The drink is a mixture of 3 different sorts of drinks