必修一-選修8重點單詞及短語

1、unit 1詞條1 suppose1. I had supposed to come to see you last week, but I was too busy.2. you are supposed to take more physical exercise to keep fit.3. I dont suppose our manager will turn up on time this evening.4. supposing it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? 用法小結(jié)：1. 常用一般過去時或過去完成時表示過去的打算，而事實上沒有做。 2

2、. be supposed to do sth “應該做某事”，相當于情態(tài)動詞should 3.當主語是第一人稱時，而且suppose后面所接的賓語從句是否定句時，要用否定前移。 4.supposing 可用于從屬連詞，引導一個表示條件的狀語從句，意為”如果，假如”例子：根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給的漢語補全句子1. its half past eight now. you _(應該開始工作)2. what_(你認為) he wanted?詞條2 complain1. my friend is always complaining to me about the weather here.2. dont a

3、lways complain about others.3. the patient is complaining of her headache.用法小結(jié)：complain “抱怨”是一個不及物動詞，不能直接接賓語，如果要接賓語，則習慣在其后面加上介詞about，of，to 等。根據(jù)所給漢語補全句子1. the woman always _(向校長抱怨學校的飯菜)2. I ve really _(沒有什么可抱怨的) 詞條 3 reduce1. doing sports can help reduce your stress in your study.2. the number of stu

4、dents has been reduced in recent years in our school.3. the number of students has been reduced to 1,200 in this school.4. the number of students has been reduced by 8% in this school.5. the former millionaire has been reduced to begging in the street.用法小結(jié)：1. reduce一般用作及物動詞，意為 減少；降低；縮?。ǔ叽纾瑪?shù)量，價格等）2.

5、reduce后面可接介詞 to 和 by ,但含義不一樣。Reduce。to 意為“使降低到?！眗educe。by 意為“以多少比率降低”，介詞by的后面接表示比例的詞語。3. reduce sbsth to doing sth 表示“使某人或者某物淪落到做某事的程度”。它通常用來表示一種不愉快，不好的經(jīng)歷或者遭遇。根據(jù)所給漢語補全下面各句。1. we should try our best to _(減少有害垃圾)。2. she takes some medicine so as to _（降低血壓）詞組 1 take up 閱讀下列句子，根據(jù)語境為take up 選擇合適的英文釋義。1.

6、to start or begin sth2. to accept (an option, bet ,or challenge) as offered.3. to develop an interest4. to occupy (time or space)5. to raise; lift( )1. he took up his coat and rushed out of the house.( )2. these old books took up too much room.( )3. I d like to take up your offer of a ride into the

7、town.( )4.she wanted to learn more, so she took up a course in an evening school.( )5.she has taken up playing cares as her hobby in her spare time.答案：54213點撥： take up 是及物動詞短語，意思是 1）從事，著手處理，如句4 2）接納（建議，挑戰(zhàn)等，如句33）產(chǎn)生興趣，開始承擔，如句54）占去（時間或者空間）如句25）拿起，如句1根據(jù)所給漢語補全句子1. playing computer games _(占用了他太多的業(yè)余時間)，so

8、 he didnt do well in the exam this time.2. his uncle _(開始賣報紙) to support the family when he was only eight.3. the little brother_(喜歡上了繪畫)as time went by.詞組 2 go off閱讀下列句子，體會go off 的含義和用法1. my mobile went off while I was sound asleep.2. books went off in recent years.3. the experiment goes off quite

9、well.點撥：go off 有如下含義：(大聲)響起；（指電力）中斷；（指電燈）熄滅；（指質(zhì)量）惡化，下降；進行，發(fā)生等將下列句子翻譯成英語1. 你最近的生活怎么樣??？2. 就在那時， 我的鬧鐘突然響了。3. 這個地區(qū)的水質(zhì)今年在不斷的下降。詞組 3 switch on【試題導入】選擇正確的選項。 Oh, you are back, why dont you _the lights?A. put on B.switch on C.look for D.take off 點撥： switch on 意為“打開（電器）”。這個短語中的on 是個副詞，如果賓語使代詞時，應將副詞on 放在這個代詞的

10、后面。拓展：switch on 的對應詞語為“switch off”，意為“關閉(電器)”。它們可分別用turn on 和turn off 替換。表示相同的含義。另外，switch over意為“換頻道”在下面各句的空格處填上適當?shù)母痹~。1. please switch_ the TV set. I d like to watch the news program.2. its too late now. please switch _the TV set and go to bed.3. please switch _- to Channel 5. I d like to watch the

11、 football game.unit 2重點單詞用法回顧Found試題導入 Tsinghua University,_ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.(2011福建卷)A. found B.founding C.founded D.to be founded 答案：C【考點釋義】 found“建立，創(chuàng)立，創(chuàng)辦”。 Found 。on 意為“把。建立在。之上”注意，find“發(fā)現(xiàn)”是一個不規(guī)則動詞，其過去式和過去分詞均為found； found“建立”則是一個規(guī)則動詞，其過去式和過去分詞為founded。Eq

12、ual【試題導入】the island is_ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.(2010全國卷II)A partly B.merely C.nearly D.equally答案：D【考點釋義】1. equal常用作形容詞，意為“平等的，相等的，等同的”。這時，它可用作定語，表語和賓語補足語。2. be equal to 是一個常用的短語，意為“等于，相當于”還可以表示“勝任，應付”3. equal用作動詞，意為“等于”【拓展】equally，adv，平等地，同樣地；

13、equality, n. 平等Calm【試題導入】the oil markets stay _ these months, but we are still worried that it will go up soon.A. silent B. still C. calm D. quiet答案：C【考點釋義】1. calm用作形容詞指人時，側(cè)重于指“鎮(zhèn)靜，不激動，不生氣”等；還可用于表示抽象的事物，情況，形式等“不動蕩，不波動”；還可以指“環(huán)境（如天空，海洋，天氣等），無風，不喧鬧，表面平靜”等2. calm 做動詞，意為“是平靜下來”，這時，它常和down 連用。 Compete【試題導入

14、】the great athlete has been well prepared for the London Olympic Games and is determined to _ for the gold medal in the match.A. Compete B. explore C .apply A. adapt 答案：A【考點釋義】1. compete vi, 競爭；對抗。常構成如下短語：compete withagainst sb 與某人競爭2. compete for 為。競爭；compete in 參加比賽競賽【拓展】competitor n. 競爭者，競爭對手 Com

15、petition n. 競爭；比賽；競賽 Competitive adj。競爭的，競爭性的重點短語用法小結(jié)On ones own試題導入 I didnt want to be laughted at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him _ his own either.答案： on【考點釋義】On ones own 意為“獨立地，獨自地”常用在句中修飾謂語動詞?！就卣埂?of ones own 意為“自己的”Give up試題導入 though he has failed many times, he wouldnt_ trying.

16、A . turn up B. put up C.give up D.take up 答案：C【考點釋義】give up 意為“投降，放棄” give sb up 意為“放棄（病人）；不在指望（某人）到來”Let out【試題導入】he once said that he was from Britain, but his American accent _ him out.A. put B took C let Dmade 考點釋義 let out 是一個多義詞語，它可表示：1）放出2）（把衣服）放大，放長，放寬，3）發(fā)出（聲音）4）泄露（秘密），不留神說出。unit 3重點單詞用法回顧Att

17、end【試題導入】what should I wear to _ his wedding party? anything you like.A.attend B .join C. react D.expect答案：A【考點釋義】1.表示“參加“時，其賓語通常是meeting，party,show ,wedding , class, lecture, school ,church等以及類似具有“活動”意義的名詞。2.短語attend to, 主要表示“注意聽”，“處理”，“照顧”等。 Seriously【試題導入】he began to take political science_ only

18、when he left school.(2007湖北卷)A strictly B truly C carefully D seriously答案：D【考點釋義】seriously是一個常用的副詞，意為“嚴肅的，認真的”。 它常常構成短語 take sth seriously .表示“嚴肅（認真）地對待某事”。Serve【試題導入】dinner_ between 5;30pm and 7;30 pm in this hotel. So dont miss it.A is served B serves C is serving D will serve答案： A【考點釋義】1. serve用作

19、及物動詞時， 可表示“招待，侍候，當作。使用”。 2.serve as 意為“擔任，充當”。 3.用作不及物動詞時，則常用來表示“服役”。重點短語用法小結(jié)Depend on【試題導入】I am planning to hold a party in the open air, but I can make no guarantees because it _ the weather.(2001上海卷)A links with B depends on C connects toD decides on 答案：B【考點釋義】1. 表示“依靠，依賴”，常用句型： depend on sb to d

20、o sth depend on sb doing sth 2. 表示“取決于”時通常不用被動語態(tài)。Put up 試題導入the exam results will be _ on Friday afternoon.(2011 遼寧卷)A.put down B put off C put up D put away答案：C 【考點釋義】put up 是一個多義詞語，它可表示：1）掛起，張貼2）舉起3）修建4）增加，提高5）搭起6）住宿，過夜Carry on【試題導入】 the meal over， the managers went back to the meeting room to _ t

21、heir discussion (2008 天津卷)A .put away B take down C look over D carry on 答案：D【考點釋義】1. carry on 意為“進行，繼續(xù)進行，繼續(xù)執(zhí)行”，其中的on是一個副詞，carry on 可用作及物或者不及物動詞短語。2. carry on with 意為“繼續(xù)干”其后要接賓語。Even if【試題導入】allow children space to voice their opinions,_ they are different from your own.(2005湖南)A until B even if C u

22、nless D as though 答案：B【考點釋義】even if 意為“即使”，常用來引導一個表示讓步的狀語從句。unit 4重點單詞用法回顧Suggest【試題導入】Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.(2009 上海卷)A having held B to hold C holding D hold答案C【考點釋義】1. suggest 意為“建議，提出。以供考慮，提議”。這時，其后接名詞，代詞，動詞的ing 形式。接賓語從句時，從句的謂語動詞用“shou

23、ld +動詞原型”。2. 它還可以表示“間接地表明，暗示”。這時，其賓語從句的謂語動詞通常用陳述語氣。 Offer【試題導入】-if you like I can do some shopping for you. -thats a very kind_.(2006 浙江卷) A offer B.service C point D suggestion 答案：A【考點釋義】1. offer 用做及物動詞，表示“主動提出，提供，報價”其后可接1）名詞或者代詞，在句中作賓語，構成offer sth 結(jié)構2）雙賓語，構成offer sb sth 或者offer sth to sb結(jié)構3）也可后接不定

24、式，構成offer to do sth 結(jié)構2. offer 還可作為名詞，意為“提出，提供，出價”。Average【試題導入】last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000,a(n)_ of 40,000 per year.A average B number C amount D quantity 答案：A【考點釋義】1. average 用作名詞，可表示“平均數(shù)；平均水準，中等的水平或者程度”2. 用作形容詞，表示“平均的；中等的；普通的”。3. 用作動詞，則表示“

25、計算。的平均值”。Affect【試題導入】too much physical labour has greatly_ your fathers health, so he needs a good rest.A affected B impressed C influenced D settled 答案：A【考點釋義】Affect可表示1）影響，對。有害2）感動，打動3）假裝重點短語用法總結(jié)Get in touch 【試題導入】 when you arrive in Beijing, you can _ with my friend. He ll pick you up at the airp

26、ort.A get in touch B keep in touch C come across D come up 答案：ABe up to 【試題導入】-shall we go to the art exhibition right away?-_(2005 安徽卷)。A its your opinion B I dont mind C it s all up to you D thats your decision.答案：C【考點釋義】Be up to 這個短語中的to 是個介詞，其后只能接名詞或代詞。這個短語的含義很豐富。注意下面幾個用法：1） 忙于做某事，常用于疑問句中2） 適合做某

27、事3） Be up to 意為“應由某人做某事，由某人確定，負責”。As if 【試題導入】Jack wasnt say anything ,but the teacher smiled at him_he had done something very clever.(2011 湖南卷)。A as if B in case C while D though答案：A【考點釋義】1. as if 意為“似乎，好像”，常用來引導一個從句，表示一種假設的情況或可能性不大的情況時，從句的語氣常用虛擬語氣。2. as if 的后面可接現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞，動詞不定式，介詞短語，形容詞等。3. 在it lo

28、oksseemssounds.as if 句中，as if 從句中的謂語動詞常用陳述語氣。Unit5重點單詞：1. impress：The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO 2010 is strongly impressed _my memory.A. to B. over C. by D.on答案： be impressed on ones memory (sb)意為“給某人留下深刻印象“?？键c釋義：1.impress是一個及物動詞，其賓語常是表示人的詞語，構成sth impressed sb

29、2.注意把握下面搭配1）be impressed by 2) be impressed on 3) leave(make)an impression on2.effectThe new law will come into _on the day it is passed. A.effect B.use C.service D.existence答案：A. come into effect 意為“生效”；come into use 意為“開始使用”；come into service意為“投入使用”；come into existence 意為“生存下來”。考點釋義：對于effect，應重點把

30、握以下幾個短語：1）have an effect on 2）be in effect 3）come into effect 4）take effect。3.disappointHis result was so _in the exam and he felt _.A. disappointing; disappointingB. disappointed; disappointedC. disappointing; disappointdD. disappointed; disappointing答案：C.disappointed意為“感到失望的”；disappointing 意為“令人失望

31、的”。重點短語：1. be used toI had tried out a model like it before ,but as I was not yet _driving in this city, my wife did notA.sure of B.satisfied with C. interested in D. used to 答案：D.be sure of 確信；be satisfied with 對.感到滿意；be interested in 對感興趣；be used to 習慣做某事?？键c釋義：be used to 意為“習慣”此處to 為介詞。Used to do

32、為過去常常做某事。2. in other wordsYour performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard _,you failed.A, in the end B. after all Bin other words D at the same time.答案：C.考點釋義：in other words換句話說。它常用來解釋前面說的話；in a word意為“總之”。 Unit 6重點單詞：1. typicalJack is late again. It is _of him to keep others

33、waiting.A. normal B. ordinary C. common D. typical答案：D。 normal 意為“正常的”；ordinary 意為” 普通的”；common意為“普通的”。It is typical of sb to do sth 是一個常用句型，意為“做某事是某人的特點”?？键c釋義：typical 是形容詞，意為“典型的”，常用做定語。2. detailWed better discuss everything _before we work out the plan.A. in detail B. in general C. on purpose D. o

34、n time 答案：A. 考點釋義：1）detail是名詞，意為“詳細，細節(jié)”，可當可數(shù)名詞也可當不可數(shù)名詞。 2）常見介詞短語 in detail ，表示“詳細的”。 3）go into details 為“詳細敘述”。3.narrowThe performance was waving his stick in the street and it _ missed the child standing nearby.A. narrowly B. nearly C. hardly D. closely答案：A.考點釋義：1）narrow 意為“狹窄的”，構成短語“narrow circums

35、tance”窘困的處境；narrow escape 險些出事；narrow victory 險勝。 2）narrowly 意為“差點沒.”.重點短語：1.fix ones eyes on The little boy ,who had never seen whites before, stood there ,his eyes _on the foreigners curiously.A. fixing B. were fixing C. fixed D. were fixed 答案：C考點釋義：fix ones eyes on 意為“注視，凝視”，其后接所注視的對象。steyes 提前做主

36、語，則句子用被動語態(tài)。拓展:與“看”有關的短語有：stare at 注視；glare at 怒視 ； glance at 掃視； glimpse 一瞥。2.try out Im not sure whether the idea works well. Youd better _it _first. A. give ; out B. turn; out C. try ; out D. make ;out 答案：C。give out 放出； turn out 結(jié)果是 ； try out 試用，試驗； make out 辨認出?？键c釋義：try out 可以表示：1）試用（某個物品）；2）試驗（某

37、個想法，計劃）；3）試試（某人能力等）。Unit 7 詞條1 ：persuadeDuty is an act or a course of action that people _you to take by social customs ,law or religion.(2010 湖北卷)A. persuade B.expect C.request D.instruct 【單詞釋義】persuade sb to do /into doing sth 說服某人做某事 persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事詞條2：eventually There was such a long

38、queue for coffee at the interval that we _gave up .(2005 上海卷)A. eventually B.unfortunately C.generously D.purposefully詞條 3 ：attract Thousands of foreigners were _to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened (2010 江蘇卷)A. attended B.attained C.attracted D.attached 詞條 4 ：recognizeAlexander tried to get

39、 his work _in the medical circles .(2010 遼寧卷)A. to recognize B.recognizing C.recognize D.recognized I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl,and she has changed beyond _.(2010安徽卷)A. hearing B.strength C.recognition D.measure 短語1：pick up Kathy _ a lot of Spanish by plaimg with the native b

40、oys and girls .(2005安徽卷)A. picked up B.took up C.made up D.turned up 短語2：make up Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _jokes. (2005江蘇卷)A. turning up B.putting up C.making up D.showing up Unit 8重點單詞：1. tiringMr Smith ,_of the_ speech,started to read a novel.A. tired;b

41、oring B.tiring;boredC.tired;bored D.tiring; boring答案：A. tired 是一個由分詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來的形容詞，意為”疲勞的，困倦的”，常用于形容人。Boring也是一個由分詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來的形容詞，意為“令人乏味的”常用于修飾表示物的詞語。單詞釋義;1.Tiring 意為“令人疲倦的”，常用來修飾事物，在句中可做表語定語或賓補;2.如果修飾人時常用tired，意為“疲勞的”，be tired of 厭煩某人2. anxious My mother always gets a bit _ if we do not arrive when we say we

42、will. A. anxious B.ashamed C.weak D. patient答案：A. anxious “意為擔心的，憂慮的“，ashamed為“害羞的”，weak為“虛弱的” Patient為“耐心的”?？键c釋義;anxious “擔心的，憂慮的”，常見搭配有： be anxious about sth ;be anxious that ;be anxious to do sth。3. riskHe got well-prepared for the job interview, for he could not risk_ the good opportunity.A.to l

43、ose B.losing C.to be lost D. being lost答案：B。本題考查動詞risk的搭配。Risk后只能接動名詞。He和lose之間關系為主動，所以選B.考點釋義：risk dong sth冒險做某事; at ones own risk自擔風險;at the risk of doing sth冒風險;run the risk of冒危險。重點短語：1. take offLadies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.A. takes off B. is taking off C. has

44、 taken off D. took off答案：B.本題用現(xiàn)在進行時表示一件馬上就要發(fā)生的事情。一般現(xiàn)在時表示一個按規(guī)定安排在將來某個時候要發(fā)生的事情。考點釋義：take off表示“起飛”還可表示“脫衣服”。2. in turnPeople try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars,and this _creates further problems.A.in short B.in case C.in doubt D. in turn答案：D.考點釋義：in turn 表示“相應的，轉(zhuǎn)而”；還可譯為“

45、輪流”相當于by turns。3. break downThe computer system _suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.A. broke down B.broke out C.broke up D. broke in答案：A. broke down意為“壞掉，出故障”；break out意為“發(fā)生，爆發(fā)”；breakup意為“拆分，分裂”；breakin意為“插話”。 Unit 9benefit(試題倒入)We _greatly from the teachers words after

46、being discouraged by the exam results.A. educated B. conducted C. benefited D. committed答案：C. 句意：考試受挫后，老師的話使我受益匪淺。educate 教育，conduct 實施， benefit 受益， commit 犯罪。benefit from從中受益, 故選C.考點釋義1. benefit用作及物動詞，意為“對.有益”常見用法有：benefit sb/sth 對某人某物有好處；benefit 用作不及物動詞，意為“獲益于，得益于”，常與介詞from連用，意為“從.中獲得好處”。2. benefi

47、t用作名詞，意為“好處，益處”。常用搭配有：be of benefit to.“對.有好處”；for the benefit of “為了的利益”。擴展：beneficiary n.受益者；beneficial adj.有益的，有用的，其后可接介詞to，表示“對.有益處的”thereforeProgress so far has been very good._, we are sure that the project will be completed on time.(2006浙江卷)A However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Besides答案：C。h

48、owever 無論如何； otherwise 否則；therefore 因此；besides 此外，而且。題干中兩個句子是因果關系，故選C.考點釋義 therefore “因此”，是一個副詞，可放在句首或句中。 argue The minister said, “We are ready for discussion with any legal parties, but well never_ with criminals.”（2011湖北卷）A negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult答案：A。句意為：這位部長說：“我們準備與任何合法政黨進行討論，但

49、我們永遠不會與罪犯進行談判?！眓egotiate 談判，商議；quarrel 爭論；argue 爭吵，爭論；consult 向.請教。單詞釋義 argue 作動詞，表示“爭吵，爭論”。常用搭配有：argue with sb over/about sth 與某人爭論某事；argue for/against (doing)sth 贊成、反對做某事；argue sb into/out of doing sth說服某人做、不做某事。擴展 argument n. 爭吵，爭論。 常用搭配為：have an argument with sb和某人發(fā)生爭吵。重點短語用法work out You cant pr

50、edict everything. Often things dont _ as you expect.（2011江西）A. run out B. break out C. work out D. put out答案：C. run out “用完，耗盡”； break out “爆發(fā)，發(fā)生”； work out “算出，實現(xiàn)”；put out “熄滅，撲滅”?？键c釋義 work out意為“鍛煉身體”，是一個不及物動詞詞組；還可表示“解決；計算出；實現(xiàn)”。so far_nobody has claimed the money discovered in the library.A. So fa

51、r B. Only if C. Now that D. Even if 答案：A. so far “到面前為止”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用；only if “只要.就”，后接從句；now that “既然”，引導原因狀語從句；even if “即使”，引導讓步狀語從句。句意為：到目前為止， 沒有人認領在圖書館被發(fā)現(xiàn)的錢。考點釋義 so far “到目前為止”，是現(xiàn)在完成時的一個標志性詞語。go up -Do you think that housing price will keep_ in the years to come?(2007江蘇卷)-Sorry, I have no idea.A. l

52、ifting up B. going up C. bringing up D. growing up答案：B. go up “上升，上漲”；lift up“抬高”；bring up “培養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)大”； grow up “長大”考點釋義 go up 意為“上升；被建起； 上漲”。Unit 10重點單詞用法ConcernIn those days, our primary_ was to provide people in the flooded areas with food and health care.A. concern B. experience C. calculation D. ex

53、istence 答案：A. concern “擔心，關心”； experience “經(jīng)驗，經(jīng)歷”；calculation “計算”； existence “存在”。 句意為：那些日子里，我們主要關心的事是為洪澇災區(qū)的人們提供食品和醫(yī)療服務?？键c釋義1. concern vt. 影響；涉及；（讓）擔憂；感興趣。常見搭配：be concerned with sth 與某事有關，涉及；be concerned about sth/sb 擔心某人、某事； concern oneself with/about sth對某物感興趣2. concern n. 擔心，憂慮，常與介詞about, over, for 等連用。Pleased-Im very_ with my own cooking.It loo