運算符重載（第二章C面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計）

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上34、運算符重載的含義是什么？是否所有的運算符都可以重載？答：運算符重載是對已有的運算符賦予多重含義，同一個運算符作用于不用類型的數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)致不同行為。不是。在C+語言中除了（點運算符（.）、作用域運算符（：）、條件運算符（？：）、成員指針運算符（*）、編譯預(yù)處理命令的開始符號（#）五個運算符不能被重載外，其他運算符均可重載。35、運算符重載有哪兩種形式？這兩種形式有何區(qū)別？答：運算符重載有成員函數(shù)和友元函數(shù)兩種形式。 區(qū)別：運算符作為成員函數(shù)重載時的參數(shù)比作為友元函數(shù)重載時少一個。例如使用成員函數(shù)重載雙目運算符時只用一個參數(shù)，而使用友元函數(shù)重載時要用兩個參數(shù)。 36、轉(zhuǎn)

2、換函數(shù)的作用是什么？答：1、支持混合類型表達式 2、轉(zhuǎn)換減少所需操作符的數(shù)目 37、分析下列程序的結(jié)果。#includeclass CMatrix public: cMatrix(int r,int c) row=r;col=c; element=new doublerow*col; double& operator() (int x,int y) return elementcol*(x-1)+y-1; double& operator() (int x,int y) const return elementcol*(x-1)+y-1; CMatrix() delete element; p

3、rivate: double *element; int row,col;void main() CMatrix m(5,8); for(int i=;i5;i+) m(i,1)=i+5; for(i=0;i5;i+) coutm(i,1)”,”; coutendl;運行結(jié)果：5,6,7,8,9, 38、定義一個復(fù)數(shù)類，通過重載運算符：=、+=、+、-、*、/，直接實現(xiàn)兩個復(fù)數(shù)之間的各種運算。編寫一個完整的程序（包括測試各種運算符的程序部分）。提示：兩復(fù)數(shù)相乘的計算公式為：（a+bi）*(c+di)=(ac-bd)+(ab+bc)I，而兩復(fù)數(shù)相除的計算公式為：（a+bi）/(c+di)=(ac

4、+bd)/(c*c+d*d)+(bc-ad)/(c*c+d*d)i。#include using namespace std; class complexpublic: complex(int i=0, int j=0):real(i), image(j) complex(const complex &a): real(a.real), image(a.image) complex& operator=(const complex &a) real = a.real; image = a.image; return *this; complex& operator+=(const comple

5、x &a) real = real + a.real; image = image + a.image; return *this; void display() cout ( real , image ) endl; friend complex operator+(const complex&, const complex&); friend complex operator-(const complex&, const complex&); friend complex operator*(const complex&, const complex&); friend complex o

6、perator/(const complex&, const complex&);private: int real; int image; complex operator+(const complex &a, const complex &b) complex r(a); r.real += b.real; r.image += b.image; return r; complex operator-(const complex &a, const complex &b) complex r; r.real = r.real - b.real; r.image = r.image - b.

7、image; return r; complex operator *(const complex &c1, const complex &c2) complex t; t.real=c1.real * c2.real - c1.image * c2.image; t.image = c1.image*c2.real +c1.real* c2.image; return t; complex operator/(const complex &c1, const complex &c2) complex t; t.real = (c1.real*c2.real + c1.image*c2.ima

8、ge) / (c2.real*c2.real+c2.image*c2.image); t.image = (c2.image*c2.real - c1.real*c2.image) / (c2.real*c2.real + c2.image*c2.image); return t; int main() complex a(32,6); complex b(23,63); complex c; c=a+b; c.display(); a+=b; a.display(); c=a-b; c.display(); c=a*b; c.display(); c=a/b; c.display(); re

9、turn 0;39、定義一個學(xué)生類，數(shù)據(jù)成員包括：姓名、學(xué)號、C+、英語和數(shù)學(xué)成績。重載運算符“”，實現(xiàn)學(xué)生對象的直接輸入輸出。增加轉(zhuǎn)換函數(shù)，實現(xiàn)姓名的轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)計一個完整的程序，驗證成員函數(shù)和重載運算符的正確性。#includeusing namespace std; class studentpublic: student(char *n= ):number(201),cpp(0.0),eng(0.0),math(0.0) void set(char *nm,char *num,float _cpp,float ma,float _eng) name=nm; mumber=num; cpp=

10、_cpp; math=ma; eng=_eng; friend ostream& operator(ostream &in, student &b);private: char name20; char number20; float cpp; float math; float eng; ostream& operator(ostream &out, const student &a) out a.number a.cpp a.math a.eng (ostream &in, student &b) in a.number a.cpp a.math a.eng;

11、int main() student a; a.set(linda,201,34,64,64); cout b; cout b;40、定義一個平面直角坐標系上的一個點的類CPoint，重載“+”和“-”運算符，并區(qū)分這兩種運算符的前置和后置運算，構(gòu)造一個完整的程序。#include using namespace std; class CPointpublic: CPoint(int i=0, int j=0): x(i), y(j) CPoint& operator+(); /前置 CPoint operator+(int); /后置 CPoint& operator-(); /前置 CPo

12、int operator-(int); /后置 void display();private: int x; int y; CPoint& CPoint:operator +() +x; +y; return *this; CPoint& CPoint:operator -() -x; -y; return *this; CPoint CPoint:operator +(int) CPoint ret(*this); +x; +y; return ret; CPoint CPoint:operator -(int) CPoint ret(*this); -x; -y; return ret;

13、void CPoint:display() cout x y endl; int main() CPoint dot1(2,5); +dot1; dot1.display(); CPoint dot2(1,2); -dot2; dot2.display(); CPoint dot3(2,2); dot3+; dot3.display(); return 0;41、在上題的基礎(chǔ)上，為其定義友元函數(shù)實現(xiàn)重載運算符“+”。#include using namespace std; class CPointpublic: CPoint(int i=0, int j=0): x(i), y(j) CPo

14、int& operator+(); /前置 CPoint operator+(int); /后置 CPoint& operator-(); /前置 CPoint operator-(int); /后置 void display(); friend CPoint operator+(const CPoint &a, const CPoint &b);private: int x; int y; CPoint& CPoint:operator +() +x; +y; return *this; CPoint& CPoint:operator -() -x; -y; return *this; CPoint CPoint:operator +(int) CPoint ret(*this); +x; +y; return ret; CPoint CPoint:operator -(int) CPoint ret(*this); -x; -y; return ret; void CPoint:display() cout x y endl; CPoint operator+(const CPoint &a, const CPoint &b) CPoint t(a); t