翻譯理論與實踐(筆譯)期末復習及答案

1、浙 江 廣 播 電 視 大 學英語專業(yè)(開放本科)翻譯理論與實踐期末復習題型：一、選擇題（每小題2分，共20分）二、翻譯句子。（每小題3分，共30分）三、篇章翻譯（每小題40分，共40分）四、案例分析題（每小題10分，共10分）一、選擇題（每小題2分，共20分）1.美國語言學家羅曼.雅各布森把翻譯分成_。A. 語內(nèi)翻譯 B. 語際翻譯C. 符際翻譯 D. 以上選項都正確2. 下面哪個選項是錯誤的？_。A. dry goods：紡織品 Bwhite goods：白色的貨物Cwhite wine：白葡萄酒 Dtoilet water：花露水3. “This is a special offer a

2、nd is not subject to our usual discounts” 請問下面哪個譯文最合適？_。A. 這是特殊報盤，不以我方通常折扣為條件。B. 這是特惠報盤，我方通常折扣不適應于此盤。C. 此系特惠報盤，不另加我方通常折扣。D. 這是特殊報盤，不局限于我們通常折扣。4下面哪句話的描述是錯誤的？_。A美國著名翻譯理論家奈達提出了“動態(tài)對等”原則。B“動態(tài)對等”原則是指，運用交際理論和信息論的原理，將焦點從傳統(tǒng)的譯文與原文兩個文本的比較轉移到兩個過程的比較，使人們注意到影響信息接收的各種語言和文化因素。C奈達曾將“動態(tài)對等”的提法改成了“功能對等”原則。D翻譯求的是“形式對等”，

3、而非”動態(tài)對等”。5 _提出了“美化之藝術，創(chuàng)優(yōu)似競賽”的翻譯理念。A尤金.奈達 B 泰特勒C許淵沖 D魯迅6. 下面哪個配對是錯誤的？_。A赤腳醫(yī)生：barefoot doctor B紙老虎：paper tigerCto show ones cards：攤牌 D大海撈針：look for a needle in seaD B C D C D7.哪句話的描述是正確的？_。A. 嚴復提出的翻譯是：重神似不重形似 B. 傅雷的翻譯標準是：信、達、雅C. 許淵沖的翻譯標準是：美化之藝術，創(chuàng)優(yōu)似競賽 D. 泰特勒的翻譯標準是：通順8. 下面哪個選項是錯誤的？_。A. dry State：實行禁酒的州

4、Bwhite goods：白色的貨物Cdry white wine：澀白酒 Dtoilet water：花露水9. 泰特勒(Tytler)提出的著名翻譯原則是：_。A. 譯文應完整地再現(xiàn)原文的思想內(nèi)容。B. 譯文的風格、筆調(diào)應與原文的性質(zhì)相同。C. 譯文應像原文一樣流暢自然。D. 以上選項都正確。10下面哪個選項是正確的？_。Abring down the house  翻譯為：“推倒房子”Bpull up one's socks 翻譯為：鼓起勇氣Cthink a great deal of oneself  翻譯為：“為自己想得很多”Dan apple of lo

5、ve 翻譯為：“愛情之果”11A book, tight shut, is but a block of paper.下面哪個譯文是最合適的？_。A一本書，緊緊合上，只是一疊紙。 B 一本書，如果緊緊合上不讀，只是一疊紙。C一本書，如果緊緊合上不讀，只是一疊廢紙。D閑置之書只是一疊廢紙。12. 下面哪個譯文是錯誤的？_。AThis is the last place where I expected to meet you. 譯文：我最后在這里見到你。 BWe are sorry about the delay in sending you the revised specifications

6、. 譯文：遲遲未告你方修正規(guī)格，甚歉。CWe regret to learn that you have failed in obtaining the licence. 譯文：得知你方未能獲得許可證，深表遺憾。DOwing to the absence of any news from you, we have sold the goods elsewhere. 譯文：由于沒有得到你方任何休息，我們已將該貨另售別處。C B D B D A13. 關于英漢語篇差異，下面哪個選項是錯誤的？_。A. 英漢語分別呈現(xiàn)螺旋式與直線形的特征，這從根本上講是中西方各自重綜合與重分析的思維習慣的體現(xiàn)。B.

7、在語言構思方式和語言組織方式上，英語呈現(xiàn)形合特征。C. 英漢語篇的差異還體現(xiàn)在兩種語言在思維還存在客體意識和主體意識的差別。 D. 英漢語篇的基本差異有內(nèi)在的思維和外在的銜接與連貫兩個方面，內(nèi)外相合影響，又相互獨立。14. 傅雷的翻譯標準是：_。A. 重形似而不重神似 B美化之藝術，創(chuàng)優(yōu)似競賽C. 重神似不重形似 D動態(tài)對等15. 下面哪個選項是錯誤的？_。A. 這衣服將很快曬干。譯文：The clothes will soon dry out in the sun.B. 夏收以后，有些農(nóng)民在公路上曬糧食。譯文：After the summer harvest, some farmers sp

8、read their grains on the highway and have them dried out in the sun.C. 你把客人曬在一邊是不禮貌的。譯文：It is impolite for you to ignore your guests.D. 我的皮膚曬得比你黑。譯文：My skin has become blacker than yours.16 “Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch. 譯

9、文：“來啦！”她轉身蹦著跳著地跑了，越過草地，跑上小徑，跨上臺階，穿過涼臺，進了門廊。請問這個譯文是用了什么翻譯技巧？A反面著筆 B增詞法C減詞法 D詞類轉換17 “Joan can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game.”可以翻譯成：_。A. 約翰為人可靠，他既忠誠又正直。 B. 約翰為人可靠，他一向不吃魚，而且經(jīng)常玩游戲。 C. 約翰被人依靠，他不吃魚，玩游戲。 D. 約翰依靠別人，他很忠誠，不喜歡玩游戲。18. 下面哪個配對是錯誤的？_。AHe got all the credit for the discovery. 譯文：他

10、由于這項發(fā)現(xiàn)而獲得各種榮譽。 BThe availability of cheap long-term credit would help small businesses. 譯文：低息長期貸款可以扶持小型企業(yè)。CHow much do I have to my credit? 譯文：我們的榮譽有多少呢？ DThey have opened the covering credit with the Bank of China, London. 譯文：他們已從倫敦中國銀行開立了有關的信用證。A C D D A C19. 下面哪個選項是錯誤的？_。A. 上車后請刷卡。譯文：Please brush

11、 your card when you get on the bus.B. 她刷掉她上衣的灰塵。譯文：She brushed the dust off her coat.C. 他往蛋糕上刷黃油。譯文：He brushed the cakes with butter.D. 我把桌子刷成白色。譯文：I washed the table with white.20. 下面哪個選項是錯誤的？_。A. 價美物廉。 譯文：fine and cheapB. 我們已按很低的價格向你們報盤。譯文：We have made you an offer at a very competitive price.C. 請

12、報體溫表最低價。譯文：Please make us your lowest quotation for Clinical Thermometer.D. 對我們的業(yè)務建議如有興趣，請寄樣品，并告最惠條款。 譯文：If you feel interest in our business proposal, please send us the samples together with your best terms and conditions.21. All the multilateral arrangements need to be examined for clauses that r

13、estrict the free trade. 譯文：對于所有各種多邊安排都必須加以審查，以便研討其中有無限制自由貿(mào)易的條款。請問譯文用了什么翻譯技巧？_。A. 省略法 B. 增詞法C. 詞類轉換 D. 反面著筆22翻譯較長的句子，_。A英語主要考慮如何突出重點 B. 漢語主要考慮如何避免重復C. 英語主要考慮時間順序 D. 漢語主要考慮多用主從結構23 “The firm was closed owing to large losses.” 請問下面哪個譯文最合適？_。A. 這個公司由于損失很大而倒閉。B. 這家公司由于巨大虧損而倒閉。C. 該公司因巨額虧損而倒閉。D. 這家公司因為損失太大

14、所以倒閉了。 24. 下面哪個配對是錯誤的？_。A. This is the last place where I expected to meet you. 譯文：這是我想碰到你的最后的地方。B. 供不應求。譯文：Demand exceeds supply.C. We regret to learn that you have failed in obtaining the license. 譯文：得知你方未能獲得許可證，深表遺憾。D. If you find our terms and conditions agreeable, please cable us your order for

15、 our confirmation. 譯文：對我方條款如無異議，請即來電訂貨，以便我方確認。A A B A C A二、翻譯句子。（每小題3分，共30分）1The application of plastics in automobile industry has brought about great increase of the consumption. （請用增詞法翻譯）塑料在汽車工業(yè)上的使用大大增加了塑料的消費量。2We have an interest for your athletic goods. （請注意詞義引申）我們有一個買主愿購你們的體育用品。3. This contrac

16、t is binding subject to the fulfillment of the following conditions。（請注意be subject to 翻譯特點）本合同須滿足下列條件方始生效。4. 新的價格表將自（在）6月1日始生效。（請注意契約語言的特點）The new pricelist will become effective from (on) June 1.5. 她負責安排生產(chǎn)，以確保如期完成訂單。（請注意涉外文書詞語特點）She is responsible for making sure orders are processed on time.6. 我們希

17、望產(chǎn)品的圖案和色彩能照顧到歐洲人的心理。（請注意中西方思維和文化的差異）We hope that the design and color of the products would suit the European taste.16Prof. Zhang gave an impressive speech to a receptive audience. （請注意劃線部分的翻譯）張教授做了一次生動的講演，聽眾聽了以后深受感動。17. "How could a great paper like the Washington Post, full of brilliant edito

18、rs, get so involved in its own conceit and arrogance as to pursue a story which its own staff was saying was fabricated from the beginning?" (注意英語長句的翻譯）“像華盛頓郵報這樣一家擁有許多出色編輯的大報，為何自以為是和高傲自大到如此地步，竟然追求一篇連自己編輯部的人員從一開始也認為是虛構的報道？”18. 當前最重要的任務是發(fā)展國民經(jīng)濟，提高人們生活水平。Our primary task at present is to develop na

19、tional economy and improve the standards of living.19. 方案一公布，大家就七嘴八舌地議論開了。（請注意用意譯法來翻譯）Publication of the draft plan touched off a lively discussion with everybody eager to put in a word.20The president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterdays election results that he could not

20、 explain why the Republicans had suffered a widespread defeat, which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of long-held superiority in the House. (請注意英語長句的翻譯）在一次記者招待會上，問題集中于頭一天的選舉結果，總統(tǒng)就此發(fā)了言。他說他不能夠解釋為什么共和黨遭到了這樣大的失敗。這種情況最終會使共和黨失去在眾議院中長期享有的優(yōu)勢。21Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver

21、 of the young mans past wrongdoings. （請用詞類轉換法翻譯）在和兒子談話時，老人寬恕了兒子過去做的錯事。22They felt rather blue after the failure in the football match. （請注意顏色詞在中英文中的差異）球賽踢輸了，他們感到有些沮喪。23The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated explanation. （請用反面著筆法翻譯）雖經(jīng)他一再解釋，疑團仍然存在。24In American political elections the candida

22、tes that win are usually the ones who have green power backing them. （請注意中西方文化的差異）在美國政治競選中獲勝的候選人通常都是些有財團支持的人物。25Parents or guardians may avoid liability for their childrens crimes if they can satisfy the court that they have done everything they can to prevent it. （請注意契約語言的特點）孩子的父母或監(jiān)護人，只要能向法庭證明，他們已采

23、取一切必要措施防止其孩子或被監(jiān)護人犯罪，可免除承擔其孩子或被監(jiān)護人犯罪的法律責任。11It was another one of those Catch-22 situations: you are damned if you do, youre damned if you dont.這真是又一個左右為難的尷尬局面，做也倒霉，不做也倒霉。12For a trademark that has not been determined as famous, the applicant shall not file another application for the same trademark

24、on the basis of the same facts and reasons within one year as of the decision is made. (注意：這是法律英語，注意措詞的嚴謹性。)未被認定為馳名商標的，自認定結果作出之日起一年內(nèi)，當事人不得以同一商標就相同事實和理由再次提出認定請求。13This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by the Buyer and the Builder. (注意契約語言的莊重性)本合同自買方和建造方簽約之日生效。14We are

25、not completely satisfied with your manner of doing business. (請運用反面著筆技巧翻譯) 貴方做生意的態(tài)度有待改進。15Vegetable oil has been known from antiquity. No household can get on without it, for it is used in cooking. Perfumes may be made from the oils of certain flowers. Soaps are made from vegetable and animal oils.

26、（請注意英語與漢語的句式差異）植物油自古以來就為人們所熟悉。任何家庭都離不開它，因為做飯的時候就要用它。有些花兒產(chǎn)生的油可以用來制造香水。植物油和動物油還可以用來整理肥皂。三、篇章翻譯（每小題40分，共40分）President Barack Obama's statement on the death of Apple co-founder Steve Jobs:Michelle and I are saddened to learn of the passing of Steve Jobs. Steve was among the greatest of American inno

27、vators brave enough to think differently, bold enough to believe he could change the world and talented enough to do it.By building one of the planet's most successful companies from his garage, he exemplified the spirit of American ingenuity.驚聞史蒂夫·喬布斯去世的消息，米歇爾（奧巴馬夫人）和我都倍感悲痛。史蒂夫是美國歷史上最偉大的創(chuàng)新

28、者之一，他勇于與眾不同地思考問題，敢于相信他可以改變世界，他的天賦和才華也使他做到這點。他在車庫里建立了這個星球上最成功的公司之一，充分體現(xiàn)了美國人的創(chuàng)造力。Fish do drink water, but how they consume it depends on where they live. Water gets into a fishs body through osmosis, the process in which water diffuses from a higher to a lower concentration.For example, if there

29、is more water outside of a cell than inside, water will try to flow into the cell until there is the same concentration of water on either side of the cells membrane. The body of a fish acts the same way, either absorbing or losing water depending on its surroundings.Whether a fish absorbs or l

30、oses water is based on the fact that all fish must maintain a certain amount of salt in their bodies to stay healthy. Fish that live in fresh water have a higher concentration of salt in their bodies than the surrounding water.魚兒確實喝水，但它們怎樣喝水卻取決于其生存的環(huán)境。水通過滲透作用進入魚兒的身體，在這一過程中，水從高濃度的地方擴散至低濃度的地方。比方說，如果細胞

31、外的水多于細胞內(nèi)，水就會流入細胞內(nèi)，直到細胞膜內(nèi)外的濃度相同。魚兒的身體與細胞一樣，吸水還是失水取決于它生存的環(huán)境。不管魚兒吸水還是失水，事實上，所有的魚要想保持健康其體內(nèi)就必須維持一定量的鹽分。淡水魚體內(nèi)鹽的濃度要高于周圍的水。Cover applies to the person(s) named on this certificate of insurance and for whom a premium has been paid. Important -please refer particularly to the Conditions (on page 30), Warranty (page 11) and the reference to the material facts at Condition 11(page 30), as failure to comply with them could affect a