翻譯理論與實(shí)踐(筆譯)期末復(fù)習(xí)及答案

1、浙 江 廣 播 電 視 大 學(xué)英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)(開(kāi)放本科)翻譯理論與實(shí)踐期末復(fù)習(xí)題型：一、選擇題（每小題2分，共20分）二、翻譯句子。（每小題3分，共30分）三、篇章翻譯（每小題40分，共40分）四、案例分析題（每小題10分，共10分）一、選擇題（每小題2分，共20分）1.美國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)家羅曼.雅各布森把翻譯分成_。A. 語(yǔ)內(nèi)翻譯 B. 語(yǔ)際翻譯C. 符際翻譯 D. 以上選項(xiàng)都正確2. 下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的？_。A. dry goods：紡織品 Bwhite goods：白色的貨物Cwhite wine：白葡萄酒 Dtoilet water：花露水3. “This is a special offer a

2、nd is not subject to our usual discounts” 請(qǐng)問(wèn)下面哪個(gè)譯文最合適？_。A. 這是特殊報(bào)盤(pán)，不以我方通常折扣為條件。B. 這是特惠報(bào)盤(pán)，我方通常折扣不適應(yīng)于此盤(pán)。C. 此系特惠報(bào)盤(pán)，不另加我方通常折扣。D. 這是特殊報(bào)盤(pán)，不局限于我們通常折扣。4下面哪句話(huà)的描述是錯(cuò)誤的？_。A美國(guó)著名翻譯理論家奈達(dá)提出了“動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)等”原則。B“動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)等”原則是指，運(yùn)用交際理論和信息論的原理，將焦點(diǎn)從傳統(tǒng)的譯文與原文兩個(gè)文本的比較轉(zhuǎn)移到兩個(gè)過(guò)程的比較，使人們注意到影響信息接收的各種語(yǔ)言和文化因素。C奈達(dá)曾將“動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)等”的提法改成了“功能對(duì)等”原則。D翻譯求的是“形式對(duì)等”，

3、而非”動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)等”。5 _提出了“美化之藝術(shù)，創(chuàng)優(yōu)似競(jìng)賽”的翻譯理念。A尤金.奈達(dá) B 泰特勒C許淵沖 D魯迅6. 下面哪個(gè)配對(duì)是錯(cuò)誤的？_。A赤腳醫(yī)生：barefoot doctor B紙老虎：paper tigerCto show ones cards：攤牌 D大海撈針：look for a needle in seaD B C D C D7.哪句話(huà)的描述是正確的？_。A. 嚴(yán)復(fù)提出的翻譯是：重神似不重形似 B. 傅雷的翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：信、達(dá)、雅C. 許淵沖的翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：美化之藝術(shù)，創(chuàng)優(yōu)似競(jìng)賽 D. 泰特勒的翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：通順8. 下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的？_。A. dry State：實(shí)行禁酒的州

4、Bwhite goods：白色的貨物Cdry white wine：澀白酒 Dtoilet water：花露水9. 泰特勒(Tytler)提出的著名翻譯原則是：_。A. 譯文應(yīng)完整地再現(xiàn)原文的思想內(nèi)容。B. 譯文的風(fēng)格、筆調(diào)應(yīng)與原文的性質(zhì)相同。C. 譯文應(yīng)像原文一樣流暢自然。D. 以上選項(xiàng)都正確。10下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是正確的？_。Abring down the house  翻譯為：“推倒房子”Bpull up one's socks 翻譯為：鼓起勇氣Cthink a great deal of oneself  翻譯為：“為自己想得很多”Dan apple of lo

5、ve 翻譯為：“愛(ài)情之果”11A book, tight shut, is but a block of paper.下面哪個(gè)譯文是最合適的？_。A一本書(shū)，緊緊合上，只是一疊紙。 B 一本書(shū)，如果緊緊合上不讀，只是一疊紙。C一本書(shū)，如果緊緊合上不讀，只是一疊廢紙。D閑置之書(shū)只是一疊廢紙。12. 下面哪個(gè)譯文是錯(cuò)誤的？_。AThis is the last place where I expected to meet you. 譯文：我最后在這里見(jiàn)到你。 BWe are sorry about the delay in sending you the revised specifications

6、. 譯文：遲遲未告你方修正規(guī)格，甚歉。CWe regret to learn that you have failed in obtaining the licence. 譯文：得知你方未能獲得許可證，深表遺憾。DOwing to the absence of any news from you, we have sold the goods elsewhere. 譯文：由于沒(méi)有得到你方任何休息，我們已將該貨另售別處。C B D B D A13. 關(guān)于英漢語(yǔ)篇差異，下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的？_。A. 英漢語(yǔ)分別呈現(xiàn)螺旋式與直線(xiàn)形的特征，這從根本上講是中西方各自重綜合與重分析的思維習(xí)慣的體現(xiàn)。B.

7、在語(yǔ)言構(gòu)思方式和語(yǔ)言組織方式上，英語(yǔ)呈現(xiàn)形合特征。C. 英漢語(yǔ)篇的差異還體現(xiàn)在兩種語(yǔ)言在思維還存在客體意識(shí)和主體意識(shí)的差別。 D. 英漢語(yǔ)篇的基本差異有內(nèi)在的思維和外在的銜接與連貫兩個(gè)方面，內(nèi)外相合影響，又相互獨(dú)立。14. 傅雷的翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：_。A. 重形似而不重神似 B美化之藝術(shù)，創(chuàng)優(yōu)似競(jìng)賽C. 重神似不重形似 D動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)等15. 下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的？_。A. 這衣服將很快曬干。譯文：The clothes will soon dry out in the sun.B. 夏收以后，有些農(nóng)民在公路上曬糧食。譯文：After the summer harvest, some farmers sp

8、read their grains on the highway and have them dried out in the sun.C. 你把客人曬在一邊是不禮貌的。譯文：It is impolite for you to ignore your guests.D. 我的皮膚曬得比你黑。譯文：My skin has become blacker than yours.16 “Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch. 譯

9、文：“來(lái)啦！”她轉(zhuǎn)身蹦著跳著地跑了，越過(guò)草地，跑上小徑，跨上臺(tái)階，穿過(guò)涼臺(tái)，進(jìn)了門(mén)廊。請(qǐng)問(wèn)這個(gè)譯文是用了什么翻譯技巧？A反面著筆 B增詞法C減詞法 D詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換17 “Joan can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game.”可以翻譯成：_。A. 約翰為人可靠，他既忠誠(chéng)又正直。 B. 約翰為人可靠，他一向不吃魚(yú)，而且經(jīng)常玩游戲。 C. 約翰被人依靠，他不吃魚(yú)，玩游戲。 D. 約翰依靠別人，他很忠誠(chéng)，不喜歡玩游戲。18. 下面哪個(gè)配對(duì)是錯(cuò)誤的？_。AHe got all the credit for the discovery. 譯文：他

10、由于這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)而獲得各種榮譽(yù)。 BThe availability of cheap long-term credit would help small businesses. 譯文：低息長(zhǎng)期貸款可以扶持小型企業(yè)。CHow much do I have to my credit? 譯文：我們的榮譽(yù)有多少呢？ DThey have opened the covering credit with the Bank of China, London. 譯文：他們已從倫敦中國(guó)銀行開(kāi)立了有關(guān)的信用證。A C D D A C19. 下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的？_。A. 上車(chē)后請(qǐng)刷卡。譯文：Please brush

11、 your card when you get on the bus.B. 她刷掉她上衣的灰塵。譯文：She brushed the dust off her coat.C. 他往蛋糕上刷黃油。譯文：He brushed the cakes with butter.D. 我把桌子刷成白色。譯文：I washed the table with white.20. 下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的？_。A. 價(jià)美物廉。 譯文：fine and cheapB. 我們已按很低的價(jià)格向你們報(bào)盤(pán)。譯文：We have made you an offer at a very competitive price.C. 請(qǐng)

12、報(bào)體溫表最低價(jià)。譯文：Please make us your lowest quotation for Clinical Thermometer.D. 對(duì)我們的業(yè)務(wù)建議如有興趣，請(qǐng)寄樣品，并告最惠條款。 譯文：If you feel interest in our business proposal, please send us the samples together with your best terms and conditions.21. All the multilateral arrangements need to be examined for clauses that r

13、estrict the free trade. 譯文：對(duì)于所有各種多邊安排都必須加以審查，以便研討其中有無(wú)限制自由貿(mào)易的條款。請(qǐng)問(wèn)譯文用了什么翻譯技巧？_。A. 省略法 B. 增詞法C. 詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換 D. 反面著筆22翻譯較長(zhǎng)的句子，_。A英語(yǔ)主要考慮如何突出重點(diǎn) B. 漢語(yǔ)主要考慮如何避免重復(fù)C. 英語(yǔ)主要考慮時(shí)間順序 D. 漢語(yǔ)主要考慮多用主從結(jié)構(gòu)23 “The firm was closed owing to large losses.” 請(qǐng)問(wèn)下面哪個(gè)譯文最合適？_。A. 這個(gè)公司由于損失很大而倒閉。B. 這家公司由于巨大虧損而倒閉。C. 該公司因巨額虧損而倒閉。D. 這家公司因?yàn)閾p失太大

14、所以倒閉了。 24. 下面哪個(gè)配對(duì)是錯(cuò)誤的？_。A. This is the last place where I expected to meet you. 譯文：這是我想碰到你的最后的地方。B. 供不應(yīng)求。譯文：Demand exceeds supply.C. We regret to learn that you have failed in obtaining the license. 譯文：得知你方未能獲得許可證，深表遺憾。D. If you find our terms and conditions agreeable, please cable us your order for

15、 our confirmation. 譯文：對(duì)我方條款如無(wú)異議，請(qǐng)即來(lái)電訂貨，以便我方確認(rèn)。A A B A C A二、翻譯句子。（每小題3分，共30分）1The application of plastics in automobile industry has brought about great increase of the consumption. （請(qǐng)用增詞法翻譯）塑料在汽車(chē)工業(yè)上的使用大大增加了塑料的消費(fèi)量。2We have an interest for your athletic goods. （請(qǐng)注意詞義引申）我們有一個(gè)買(mǎi)主愿購(gòu)你們的體育用品。3. This contrac

16、t is binding subject to the fulfillment of the following conditions。（請(qǐng)注意be subject to 翻譯特點(diǎn)）本合同須滿(mǎn)足下列條件方始生效。4. 新的價(jià)格表將自（在）6月1日始生效。（請(qǐng)注意契約語(yǔ)言的特點(diǎn)）The new pricelist will become effective from (on) June 1.5. 她負(fù)責(zé)安排生產(chǎn)，以確保如期完成訂單。（請(qǐng)注意涉外文書(shū)詞語(yǔ)特點(diǎn)）She is responsible for making sure orders are processed on time.6. 我們希

17、望產(chǎn)品的圖案和色彩能照顧到歐洲人的心理。（請(qǐng)注意中西方思維和文化的差異）We hope that the design and color of the products would suit the European taste.16Prof. Zhang gave an impressive speech to a receptive audience. （請(qǐng)注意劃線(xiàn)部分的翻譯）張教授做了一次生動(dòng)的講演，聽(tīng)眾聽(tīng)了以后深受感動(dòng)。17. "How could a great paper like the Washington Post, full of brilliant edito

18、rs, get so involved in its own conceit and arrogance as to pursue a story which its own staff was saying was fabricated from the beginning?" (注意英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)句的翻譯）“像華盛頓郵報(bào)這樣一家擁有許多出色編輯的大報(bào)，為何自以為是和高傲自大到如此地步，竟然追求一篇連自己編輯部的人員從一開(kāi)始也認(rèn)為是虛構(gòu)的報(bào)道？”18. 當(dāng)前最重要的任務(wù)是發(fā)展國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)，提高人們生活水平。Our primary task at present is to develop na

19、tional economy and improve the standards of living.19. 方案一公布，大家就七嘴八舌地議論開(kāi)了。（請(qǐng)注意用意譯法來(lái)翻譯）Publication of the draft plan touched off a lively discussion with everybody eager to put in a word.20The president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterdays election results that he could not

20、 explain why the Republicans had suffered a widespread defeat, which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of long-held superiority in the House. (請(qǐng)注意英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)句的翻譯）在一次記者招待會(huì)上，問(wèn)題集中于頭一天的選舉結(jié)果，總統(tǒng)就此發(fā)了言。他說(shuō)他不能夠解釋為什么共和黨遭到了這樣大的失敗。這種情況最終會(huì)使共和黨失去在眾議院中長(zhǎng)期享有的優(yōu)勢(shì)。21Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver

21、 of the young mans past wrongdoings. （請(qǐng)用詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換法翻譯）在和兒子談話(huà)時(shí)，老人寬恕了兒子過(guò)去做的錯(cuò)事。22They felt rather blue after the failure in the football match. （請(qǐng)注意顏色詞在中英文中的差異）球賽踢輸了，他們感到有些沮喪。23The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated explanation. （請(qǐng)用反面著筆法翻譯）雖經(jīng)他一再解釋?zhuān)蓤F(tuán)仍然存在。24In American political elections the candida

22、tes that win are usually the ones who have green power backing them. （請(qǐng)注意中西方文化的差異）在美國(guó)政治競(jìng)選中獲勝的候選人通常都是些有財(cái)團(tuán)支持的人物。25Parents or guardians may avoid liability for their childrens crimes if they can satisfy the court that they have done everything they can to prevent it. （請(qǐng)注意契約語(yǔ)言的特點(diǎn)）孩子的父母或監(jiān)護(hù)人，只要能向法庭證明，他們已采

23、取一切必要措施防止其孩子或被監(jiān)護(hù)人犯罪，可免除承擔(dān)其孩子或被監(jiān)護(hù)人犯罪的法律責(zé)任。11It was another one of those Catch-22 situations: you are damned if you do, youre damned if you dont.這真是又一個(gè)左右為難的尷尬局面，做也倒霉，不做也倒霉。12For a trademark that has not been determined as famous, the applicant shall not file another application for the same trademark

24、on the basis of the same facts and reasons within one year as of the decision is made. (注意：這是法律英語(yǔ)，注意措詞的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性。)未被認(rèn)定為馳名商標(biāo)的，自認(rèn)定結(jié)果作出之日起一年內(nèi)，當(dāng)事人不得以同一商標(biāo)就相同事實(shí)和理由再次提出認(rèn)定請(qǐng)求。13This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by the Buyer and the Builder. (注意契約語(yǔ)言的莊重性)本合同自買(mǎi)方和建造方簽約之日生效。14We are

25、not completely satisfied with your manner of doing business. (請(qǐng)運(yùn)用反面著筆技巧翻譯) 貴方做生意的態(tài)度有待改進(jìn)。15Vegetable oil has been known from antiquity. No household can get on without it, for it is used in cooking. Perfumes may be made from the oils of certain flowers. Soaps are made from vegetable and animal oils.

26、（請(qǐng)注意英語(yǔ)與漢語(yǔ)的句式差異）植物油自古以來(lái)就為人們所熟悉。任何家庭都離不開(kāi)它，因?yàn)樽鲲埖臅r(shí)候就要用它。有些花兒產(chǎn)生的油可以用來(lái)制造香水。植物油和動(dòng)物油還可以用來(lái)整理肥皂。三、篇章翻譯（每小題40分，共40分）President Barack Obama's statement on the death of Apple co-founder Steve Jobs:Michelle and I are saddened to learn of the passing of Steve Jobs. Steve was among the greatest of American inno

27、vators brave enough to think differently, bold enough to believe he could change the world and talented enough to do it.By building one of the planet's most successful companies from his garage, he exemplified the spirit of American ingenuity.驚聞史蒂夫·喬布斯去世的消息，米歇爾（奧巴馬夫人）和我都倍感悲痛。史蒂夫是美國(guó)歷史上最偉大的創(chuàng)新

28、者之一，他勇于與眾不同地思考問(wèn)題，敢于相信他可以改變世界，他的天賦和才華也使他做到這點(diǎn)。他在車(chē)庫(kù)里建立了這個(gè)星球上最成功的公司之一，充分體現(xiàn)了美國(guó)人的創(chuàng)造力。Fish do drink water, but how they consume it depends on where they live. Water gets into a fishs body through osmosis, the process in which water diffuses from a higher to a lower concentration.For example, if there

29、is more water outside of a cell than inside, water will try to flow into the cell until there is the same concentration of water on either side of the cells membrane. The body of a fish acts the same way, either absorbing or losing water depending on its surroundings.Whether a fish absorbs or l

30、oses water is based on the fact that all fish must maintain a certain amount of salt in their bodies to stay healthy. Fish that live in fresh water have a higher concentration of salt in their bodies than the surrounding water.魚(yú)兒確實(shí)喝水，但它們?cè)鯓雍人畢s取決于其生存的環(huán)境。水通過(guò)滲透作用進(jìn)入魚(yú)兒的身體，在這一過(guò)程中，水從高濃度的地方擴(kuò)散至低濃度的地方。比方說(shuō)，如果細(xì)胞

31、外的水多于細(xì)胞內(nèi)，水就會(huì)流入細(xì)胞內(nèi)，直到細(xì)胞膜內(nèi)外的濃度相同。魚(yú)兒的身體與細(xì)胞一樣，吸水還是失水取決于它生存的環(huán)境。不管魚(yú)兒吸水還是失水，事實(shí)上，所有的魚(yú)要想保持健康其體內(nèi)就必須維持一定量的鹽分。淡水魚(yú)體內(nèi)鹽的濃度要高于周?chē)乃?。Cover applies to the person(s) named on this certificate of insurance and for whom a premium has been paid. Important -please refer particularly to the Conditions (on page 30), Warranty (page 11) and the reference to the material facts at Condition 11(page 30), as failure to comply with them could affect a