初中英語五種時(shí)態(tài)講解

1、初中英語五種時(shí)態(tài)講解般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況1、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞當(dāng)主語是第三人稱時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，加 -s/es。除此之外都用動(dòng)詞原形。否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加dont,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesnt ,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞 do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用 does,同時(shí)，還原行 為動(dòng)詞。例：肯定句：主語+V原+其他。I usually go to school by bus.主語(三單) +V三單 She plays tenn

2、is once a week.疑問句：Do+語+V原 Does+ 主語(三單)+ V原否定句：主語+don t + V 原.主語(三單)+ doesn t + V 原.2、用法：1、表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。I usually go to school by bus.2、表示客觀真理、事實(shí)。 The earth goes around the sun.3、在時(shí)間、條件等狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。(if, as soon as, until, when)If it rains tomorrow, we won t go to the park. When I grow up, I ll

3、 go to Paris.3、時(shí)間狀語：Always, often, sometimes, usually, on Sunday, on Monday afternoon, every day/month/year/week, inthe morning, once a year, twice a day, three times a day等例題：1. He(be, am, is, are) a teacher at No. 2 Middle School.2. He(have, has) classes in the afternoon.3. He(get, gets) up at hal

4、f past six every morning.4. He always(come, comes ) to school on time.5. He(study, studies) very hard at his lesson.6. One and two(be, is, are) three.7. Blue and yellow(make, makes) green.8. The earth(move, moves) round the sun.9. I will go there if I( be, will be, am, is, are) free tomorrow.10. I w

5、ill go there when I(have, will have, has) time tomorrow.11. He won t come to the party unless he(be, will be, am, is, are) invited.12. Ill wait here until my mother(come, comes, will come) back.13. Please return the book to the library as soon as you(finish, finishes, will finish) reading it.14. Onc

6、e you(see, sees, will see) him, you will never forget him.一般過去時(shí)。1、表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。I got up late this morning.表示過去的習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。When I was in the countryside. I often swam in the river. I used to go fishing.2、結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didnt ,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did

7、提問，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。例：肯定句：主語 + V 過去 + 其他。We visited the museum last week.My friend Tom went to the beach yesterday.疑問句：Did+主語 + V 原 pid you goshopping with himDid she cook dinner for her family否定句：主語+didn t+ V 原。 He didn t go to see the movie last Sunday.3、動(dòng)詞的規(guī)則變化。4、時(shí)間狀語： Yesterday, last night/week/year/mon

8、th, last Sunday, in 1995, the other day, just now, ago 等例題：1. He(be, was, were, been) here a moment ago.2. They(be, was, were, been) here just now.3. The scientists(leave, leaves, leaved, left) for America yesterday.4. Last week we(visit, visited ) the Science Museum.5. When I was a child, I often(p

9、lay, played) football.6. The students ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell(ring, rang, rung).一般將來時(shí)。1、用法。表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成：will + V 原或shall +動(dòng)詞原形（第一人稱）表示將來發(fā)生的事情，用于征求對(duì)方的意見或表示客氣的邀請(qǐng) 肯定句： They will leave for Shanghai next week.否定句： We won t visit him tomorrow.疑問句： Will you go to |Shanghai in tw

10、o weeks(注：當(dāng)主語為 I或 we時(shí)，問句中可用 shall) where shall we meet tomorrowbe going to+ V原 表示計(jì)劃、打算做某事。用來表示近期或事先考慮過的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作以及已有跡象表明必將發(fā)生某事，意為“打算；就要“。be going to do將要干某事-what are you going to do next Sunday -1 am going to listen to music.Look at the clouds, there is going to rain. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)be +Ving有時(shí)可以表示將來。常用這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞：

11、go, come, leave, stay, start, arrive We re leaving for London.例題：1. . you a doctor when you grow upA .Will; going to be B. Are; going to be C. Are; / D .Will; be2. I don t know if his uncle. I think he if it doesn t rain.A will come; comes B will come; will come C comes; comes D comes; will come3. .

12、 He will be back a few minutes.A with B for C on D in4. What time we meet at the gate tomorrowA will B shall C do D are5. He will have a holiday as soon as he the work next week.A finishes B. doesn t finish C will finish D won t finish6. .There some showers this afternoon.A will be B will have C is

13、going to be D are going to have7. It my brother s birthday tomorrow. She a party.A is going to be; will have B will be; is having C will be; is going_to have D will have;is going to be8. Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he 11.A is B is going to be C will be D will to bebe going to 與 will 區(qū)另1J：

14、兩者都可表示將要發(fā)生的事、將要去做某事，但它們有如下幾點(diǎn)區(qū)別：1. be going to表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will表示的將來時(shí)間則較遠(yuǎn)一些，如：He is going to write a letter tonight.He will write a book one day .2. be going to表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將來勢(shì)必發(fā)生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die.He will be twenty years old.3. be going to 含有“計(jì)劃，準(zhǔn)備”的意思，而 will

15、則沒有這個(gè)意思，如：She is going to lend us her book.He will be here in half an hour.4. 在有條件從句 的主句中，一般不用be going to, 而多用will, 如：If any beasts comes at you, Ill stay with you and help you(4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1、構(gòu)成：肯定句： 主語 + is / am / are +ving疑問句：Is /Am /Are + 主語 +ving否定句： 主語 + isn t / am not / aren t + ving2、用法： 表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

16、I m reading book now. 表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。They are studying hard this term.3、時(shí)間狀語：now , these days,當(dāng)句中有 look, listen , can t you see, can you see 時(shí)Listen! He is singing.例題：1. I(write, am writing, is writing, are writing) a letter now.2. Look, it(begin, is beginning, am beginning, are beginning) to rain.

17、3. They(study, is studying, am studying, are studying) medicine at the Medical Institute of Chengde these days.4. He(teach, am teaching, is teaching, are teaching) an English lesson at this time.(5)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1、結(jié)構(gòu) was / were + doing2、用法表示過去某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作-what were you doing at 9:30 last night - I was watchin

18、g TV.3、when一般接一般過去時(shí)I was doing my homework when y father came home.while 一般接進(jìn)行時(shí) While my mother was cleaning, I went out.He was playing basketball while she was reading books.例題：1. I(cook, cooked, was cooking, were cooking) breakfast when you arrived.you( do, did, was.doing, were -doing) at this time yesterday ev