教案7：風(fēng)格與翻譯

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Style and Translation風(fēng)格與翻譯 1. What is style?According to A Dictionary of Literary Terms, style is "the characteristic manner of expression in prose or verse; how a particular writer says things. The analysis and assessment of style involves examination of a writer's choice of w

2、ords, his figures of speech, the devices (rhetorical and otherwise), the shape of sentences (whether they be loose or periodic), the shape of paragraphs-indeed, of every conceivable aspect of his language and the way in which he uses it."-J. A. Cuddon, 1979Style is the essential characteristic

3、of every piece of writing, the outcome of the writer's personality and his emotions at the moment, and no single paragraph can be put together without revealing in some degree the nature of its author.-Theodore Savory, 1957Style is the man himself. - de Buffon“風(fēng)格即是本人?！辈挤猓ǚ▏㏕he word style has se

4、veral senses: it refers to a writer's habitual way or peculiar way of using language, or the prevalent features of the language of a certain perod, or the characteristic aspects of the language of a certain type of writing. It may also mean grace or elegance in writing, as in "He has no sty

5、le." 丁往道：英語寫作手冊According to formality, the style can be divided into five types: Frozen Style (莊嚴(yán)的語體)Formal Style (正式的語體)Consultative Style (商議性語體)Casual Style (隨意的語體)Intimate Style (親密的語體)- Martin Joos: The Five Clocks2. 什么是翻譯風(fēng)格？What is translation style?“翻譯風(fēng)格，又稱譯文風(fēng)格（有時亦指譯者風(fēng)格），是指譯者在翻譯實踐中所表現(xiàn)出來的

6、藝術(shù)特色和創(chuàng)作個性，具體體現(xiàn)為譯者選擇題材的口味、所遵循的翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、采用的翻譯方法以及譯文語言的表現(xiàn)手法等特點?！?. 影響翻譯風(fēng)格形成的因素：首先，翻譯風(fēng)格受譯者自身風(fēng)格的影響。譯者個人的性格氣質(zhì)、學(xué)識休養(yǎng)、工作態(tài)度、表現(xiàn)手法、語言特色以及翻譯的目的等因素都會對翻譯的風(fēng)格產(chǎn)生影響。其次，翻譯風(fēng)格受翻譯客體源語文本的影響。第三，翻譯風(fēng)格受譯者所處的特定時代或特定社會文化環(huán)境的影響。4. Can style be translated? 思考題：1）風(fēng)格絕對不可譯嗎？ 2）風(fēng)格百分之百可譯嗎？ 3）如何看待風(fēng)格不可譯問題？比較中肯的說法是，風(fēng)格在一定程度上是可譯的，但要做到完全地、百分之一百的復(fù)

7、制原作的風(fēng)格是不可能完成的任務(wù)。4.1 風(fēng)格是可以傳譯的。1）正確理解原文，忠實傳達(dá)風(fēng)格 例： “If you say so,” Mace said skeptically. “But from where Im sitting, you sound more like a salesman than a scientist.” 譯文1：“你可以這么說，”梅斯不信任地說道：“可在我聽來，你與其說像個 科學(xué)家，不如說像個推銷員?！弊g文2：“這是你說的，” 梅斯的口氣充滿了懷疑?！安贿^在我聽來，你倒是 像個生意人，不像個搞科學(xué)的?！?）力爭形神皆似，追求風(fēng)格對等 例： A thousand mou

8、staches can live together, but not four breasts. 譯文1：一千個男人可以住在一起，兩個女人卻不行。 譯文2：千條漢子能共處，兩個婆娘難相容。例1：Pays as he speaks, my dear childthrough the nose. （成語pay through the nose是肯出大價錢的意思）譯文1：報酬正如他說話，我親愛的孩子是從鼻子里。譯文2：他花錢也跟他說話一樣，他是說大話，也是使大錢的。例2：I would add, that to me she seems to throw herself away.譯文1：我要加上一

9、句，我覺得她似乎是自暴自棄。譯文2：那我就得再添上一句說，我看，她這是把自己這朵鮮花插在牛糞上。4.2 風(fēng)格是不可傳譯的。例如： 海水朝朝朝朝朝朝朝落, 浮云長長長長長長長消。 （對聯(lián)）Sea waters tide, day to day tide, everyday tide and everyday ebb.Floating clouds appear, often appear, often appear and often go. - by Eugene Nida 4.3 必須用發(fā)展的眼光看待風(fēng)格不可譯問題。 風(fēng)格不可譯問題不是絕對的，有些風(fēng)格翻譯的難題會隨著時間的推移而得到解決。例

10、如：人曾是僧，人弗能成佛；女卑為婢，女又可稱奴。A Buddhist cannot bud into a Buddha;A maiden maybe made a house maid.許淵沖譯5. 風(fēng)格翻譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)關(guān)于文體的翻譯，王佐良認(rèn)為：不同的文體要有不同的譯法。例如，信息類譯意，文藝類譯文，通知、廣告類譯體，等等。關(guān)于詩歌翻譯的風(fēng)格問題，王佐良認(rèn)為，一切照原作，雅俗如之，深淺如之，口氣如之，文體如之。所謂意，是指內(nèi)容、事實、數(shù)據(jù)等等，需力求準(zhǔn)確，表達(dá)法要符合當(dāng)代國際習(xí)慣。所謂文，是指作家個人的感情色彩、文學(xué)手法、結(jié)構(gòu)形式等等，需力求保持原貌，因此常需直譯。所謂體，是指格式、方式、措詞等等

11、，需力求符合該體在該語中的慣例，決不能“以我為主”，把商品廣告譯成火氣甚重的政治宣傳品等等。但這并不意味著亦步亦趨，否則只會適得其反。 例如： 1) “Site” refers to the land and other places on, under, in or through which the Permanent Works or Temporary Works designed by the engineer are to be executed. 譯文一：“現(xiàn)場”指工程師設(shè)計的永久性或臨時性工程所需的土地及其他場地。 譯文二： “現(xiàn)場”指工程師設(shè)計的永久工程或臨時性工程所需的土地及其他場所，包括地面