數(shù)據(jù)式圖表作文寫作四要素

1、數(shù)據(jù)式圖表作文寫作四要素二、用好具有自我特色的語(yǔ)句，提高語(yǔ)言的準(zhǔn)確性數(shù)據(jù)式圖表作文的語(yǔ)言也具有很強(qiáng)的自我特色，了解這一點(diǎn)可以少走彎路，少犯錯(cuò)誤，從而有效提高語(yǔ)言的準(zhǔn)確性。數(shù)據(jù)式圖表作文規(guī)律出現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)句有：反映數(shù)量變化的rise/increase/go up/grow, drop/go down/decrease/fall/reduce to, more than, less than, more and more；反映背景對(duì)比的compareto, comparewith, contrast to；反映現(xiàn)象相互間關(guān)系的asas, the same as, be similar to, be di

2、fferent from；反映數(shù)量比例的four-fiths, eighty percent, half of, a quarter of, three times asas；交待社會(huì)現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生背景的be caused by, be made by, lead to等。三、用好過(guò)渡性詞匯，增強(qiáng)行文邏輯性數(shù)據(jù)式圖表作文具有較強(qiáng)的邏輯性，為此應(yīng)用好過(guò)渡性詞匯。數(shù)據(jù)式圖表作文常見的過(guò)渡性詞匯有：表對(duì)比的but, however, while, on the contrary；表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的what's more/besides, what's worse/to make the matt

3、er worse/worse than all/worse than ever/worse still；表因果關(guān)系的thanks to, as a result (of), therefore；表并列關(guān)系的for one thing, for the other thing, on the one hand, on the other hand；表總結(jié)的in a word, in brief/short, It's clear that；表情感反映的to our surprise, to our joy, even, still, also, too, of course, certa

4、inly；表引起下文的as a rule, generally speaking, as we all know等。四、適當(dāng)運(yùn)用高級(jí)表達(dá)方式，提高文章的醒目性近年來(lái)高考英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)閱卷采用新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，要求考生盡可能采用高級(jí)表達(dá)方式來(lái)增強(qiáng)文章的表達(dá)檔次，因此寫數(shù)據(jù)式圖表作文時(shí)也應(yīng)適當(dāng)采用一些高級(jí)表達(dá)方式。數(shù)據(jù)式圖表作文常交待某些現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生背景，可使用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)be done by。數(shù)據(jù)式圖表作文常出現(xiàn)并列現(xiàn)象或并列原因或并列結(jié)果，?？墒褂胹uch as列舉句型，這是一個(gè)使用頻率高、使用場(chǎng)合廣的句型。數(shù)據(jù)式圖表作文還經(jīng)常交待社會(huì)現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因，可使用because, as, since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句

5、。數(shù)據(jù)式圖表作文也經(jīng)常交待社會(huì)現(xiàn)象的發(fā)展變化，可使用while, however, but等詞引導(dǎo)的表轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比的并列句型。當(dāng)然和寫其它體裁的書面表達(dá)一樣，同學(xué)們也可盡量使用定語(yǔ)從句、分詞作狀語(yǔ)或with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)句型。這些高級(jí)表達(dá)方式會(huì)大幅度提高文章的表達(dá)檔次，增強(qiáng)文章的表達(dá)效果。英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)寫作試題模板圖表式作文It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped consider

6、ably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of (多少).What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, (第一個(gè)原因). More importantly, (第二個(gè)原因). Most important of all, (第三個(gè)原因).From the ab

7、ove discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括號(hào)里的使用于那些不太好的變化趨勢(shì)).怎樣寫大學(xué)英語(yǔ)圖表式作文圖表式作文是四級(jí)考試中較難的一種作文類型（2002年6月的考試便是一例）。它要求考生根據(jù)圖表所給出的信息，寫出所要表達(dá)主題的作文。圖表式作

8、文最大的特點(diǎn)是所給的信息表達(dá)很集中，給人以一目了然之感。圖表式作文一般可分三段來(lái)寫：第一段描述出圖表反映的總情況，用能充分說(shuō)明主題的典型數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)描寫。第二段對(duì)數(shù)字進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的分析比較，歸納出增減速率并找出產(chǎn)生變化的原因。第三段寫讀圖表后的想法和評(píng)論，從而得出自己的結(jié)論。請(qǐng)看實(shí)例：Changes in People's Diet:"Changes in People's Diet"一文是1991年6月份四級(jí)考試作文題。實(shí)際上從此文表格的提示中不難把握文章的內(nèi)涵和范圍。根據(jù)三段法寫作的原則，第一段闡述近6年來(lái)人們飲食上變化的總況（包括哪些需求的降低或增加）。第二段是

9、文章的重點(diǎn)，著重說(shuō)明變化的原因。從歸納出的原因中反映出了人們現(xiàn)在在經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力提高的前提下更加注意科學(xué)的營(yíng)養(yǎng)。第三段則從個(gè)人的理解得出結(jié)論，展示人們飲食結(jié)構(gòu)的變化所帶來(lái)的益處和光明的前景，從而使主題思想更突出。 Changes in People's DietAs can be seen from the table, great changes took place in people's diet from 1986 to 1990. The consumption of grain decreased year by year, while that of some high

10、-energy food, such as milk and meat, increased steadily.Why were there changes in people's diet? There were two major reasons, I think. First, people could afford to buy more expensive food with better nutrition. Second, people paid more attention to the quality of their diet, because they knew

11、it was of great benefit to their health to eat in a scientific way. Therefore, they were trying their best to improve the structure of their food.From the above, we can see that people's living standard improvedmarkedly in the five years between 1986-1990. And we can also expect that their life

12、would be more prosperous in years to come.Changes in Peoples DietDiet is very important in peoples life . From 1987 to 1990. peoples diet changed a lot . Grain was no longer regarded as the main food. And as the proportion of fruit and vegetables declined, the consumption of milk and meat increased.

13、What caused these changes? There are two reasons. One is that with the development of science, people began to realize the importance of maintaining a balanced diet. The other is that people had more money to spend and could afford more expensive food. They tried to change their low-priced diet into

14、 a more varied one. They were eager to build up a strong body by improving their living standards.With the development of our economy and the improvement of our food supply, further changes will take place in peoples diet.Example2Directions: Write a composition based on the charts of the average fam

15、ily expenses in the United Stated. The opening sentence is given and you are required to develop it into a full composition.The opening sentence: The average family income in the United States increased from 12,000 dollars per year in 1980 to 16,000 dollars in 1985.The Average Family ExpensesThe ave

16、rage family income in the United States has increased from 12,000 dollars per year in 1980 to 16,000 dollars in 1985. In the meantime, the structure of the average family expenses has changed, too. These graphs show the change clearly.The biggest part of the average family expenses was housing. In 1

17、980, the average family spent 25 percent of its income on housing. In 1985, expenses on housing rose to 32 percent. Food and drink were the second biggest part of the average family expenses .In 1980, about 18% of the average income was spent on this item. In 1985, the figure grew to 22%. As a result of such increase in the expenses on housing and food,