淺析分詞熱點(diǎn)考題及對(duì)應(yīng)策略

1、六、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、和不定式作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別?，F(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)：賓語和補(bǔ)語之間是主謂關(guān)系。其動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行。過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)：賓語和補(bǔ)語之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。其動(dòng)作先于謂語動(dòng)作。不定式作賓補(bǔ)：表一個(gè)完成的動(dòng)作、或表一個(gè)很短時(shí)間內(nèi)看到、聽到或感覺到的具體動(dòng)作。eg: He didn't notice me waiting. I heard the song sung in English. I saw him opening the window. I saw the window opened. I saw him open the window. I heard her sing th

2、e song in English.淺析分詞熱點(diǎn)考題及對(duì)應(yīng)策略請(qǐng)看此題，The storm left，_ a lot of damage to this area Acause Bto have caused Cto cause Dhaving caused本題考查的是現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。該題意為：暴風(fēng)雨過后，給這一地區(qū)造成了巨大的損失。本句的謂語動(dòng)詞1eft為過去式，意指在暴風(fēng)雨停止之前已造成巨大損失，表示cause這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在1eave之前，故此選D項(xiàng)。 順便在這里說說分詞的用法和常考點(diǎn)。分詞主要起著形容詞與副詞的作用，高考側(cè)重考查狀語功能、定語功能、賓語補(bǔ)足語功能和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的有關(guān)用

3、法。 一、分詞的狀語功能 1The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,_ that he had enjoyed his stay here Ahaving added Bto add Cadding Dadded 2European football is played in 80 countries _ it the most popular sport in the worldAmaking Bmakes Cmade Dto make解析1：C。這里“補(bǔ)充”為伴隨性動(dòng)作，也是一個(gè)主動(dòng)性動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞

4、作伴隨狀語。解析2：A。該句表示：歐式足球運(yùn)動(dòng)在八十個(gè)國家開展的結(jié)果是，它使歐式足球成為世界上最受歡迎的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。顯然應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。小結(jié)：分詞可作時(shí)間、條件、結(jié)果、原因、伴隨等狀語，現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，過去分詞狀語表示被動(dòng)或完成的動(dòng)作，此時(shí)分詞的邏輯主語是主句的主語，應(yīng)注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的一致性。二、分詞的定語功能3Most of the artists _ to the party were from South AfricaAinvited Bto invite Cbeing invited Dhad been invited4The computer cen

5、ter，_ last year，is very popular among the students in this school Aopen Bopening Chaving opened Dopened解析3：A?？腿耸且驯谎?qǐng)參加晚會(huì)的，所以應(yīng)用過去分詞作定語，表示完成了的動(dòng)作和主謂之間的被動(dòng)語態(tài)關(guān)系。解析4：D。電腦中心是去年(被)開張的，既是完成又是被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用過去分詞作定語。小結(jié)：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，過去分詞作定語表示完成了的或被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，此時(shí)可換成相應(yīng)的定語從句。三、分詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語功能5Soon they could see steam _ fro

6、m the wet clothes Arise Brising Crisen Dbe rising6They knew her very wellThey had seen her_ up from childhood Agrow Bgrew Cwas growing Dto grow 解析5：B。該空表示水蒸氣正從衣服上升起，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。 解析6：A。該句強(qiáng)調(diào)她已長(zhǎng)大成人，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)她正在成長(zhǎng)，應(yīng)用省略to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。特別提醒：不定式作賓補(bǔ)的意義不同于作其他成分，表示完成或?qū)⒁龅膭?dòng)作。小結(jié)：分詞常作賓語補(bǔ)足語，其中現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的或主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，過去

7、分詞表示完成了或被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。四、分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)7The murderer was brought in，with his hands _ be hind his back Abeing Bhaving tied Cto be tied Dtied8With his lips still _ ，he couldnt say a word Atrembling Btremble Cto tremble Dto be trembling解析7：D。兇手的雙手一定是被綁在背后，應(yīng)用過去分詞構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語，表示被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。解析8：A。他說不出話的原因是因?yàn)樗淖齑饺栽陬澏?，?yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的

8、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作原因狀語，表示動(dòng)作自主發(fā)出并正在進(jìn)行。小結(jié)：分詞的獨(dú)立性結(jié)構(gòu)就是指帶有分詞邏輯主語的結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中可作時(shí)間、條件、原因、伴隨等狀語，其邏輯主語前邊也可加上介詞，其中現(xiàn)在分詞仍表示進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，過去分詞仍表示完成了或被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。 同步練習(xí)1. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carri

9、age _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. A.seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeare C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing3. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked4. Though _ money, his parents managed to sen

10、d him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in5. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting6. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To

11、 suffer D. Suffered7. The bell _ the end of the period rang, _ our heated discussion. A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interruptingC. indicating; interrupted D. indicated; interrupted8. _ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. A. S

12、uffered B. Suffering C. Having suffered D. Being suffered information. 9. He sent me an E-mail, _ to get further information.A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope10. The _ boy was last seen_ near the East Lake. A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play11. The picture

13、_ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung12. "We can ' t go out in this weather," said Bob, _ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked13. Don't leave the water _ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C

14、. being run D. to run14. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken15. In the past, this work, _ highly skilled, was usually done by men.A. considering B. to consider C. bei

15、ng considered D. considered16. It's necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answer ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having17. "You can' t catch me!" Janet shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran18. There was a terrible noi

16、se _ the sudden burst of light. A. following B. to be followed C. followed D. being followed 19. _ the child to bed, she began to correct the pupils' exercises. A. Sending B. Being sent C. Sent D. Having sent 20._ a reply, we decided not to wait any longer.A. Not receiving B. Receiving notC. Not

17、 having received D. Having not received21. We expressed our satisfaction with the talk, _ that we would visit the city again. A. having added B. adding C. to add D. added22. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door, _ "Call 68837822". A. reading B. reads C. to read D, read23

18、. _ from the space, the Great Wall lies in the mountains tike a huge dragon. A. Seeing B. Seen C. To see D. Having seen24. I should say sorry to him. I regret to help him that day. A. refusing B. to refuse C. refused D. refuse25. When _, ice changes into water. A. to heat B. heating C. heated D. the

19、y are heated26. He dived iht0 the water, _ only his face A. leaving; exposed B. leaving; exposing C. left; exposed D. left; exposing27. _ many times, but he still couldn' t understand it.A. Though he had been B. Having been told C. Having told D. He had been told28. _ his address, I couldn't go to see him yesterday. A. Not known B. Known not C. Knowing not D. Not knowing29. Reading this instructive book, _ . A. tears came to his eyes B. his eyes were filled with tears C. he burst into tears D. h