情態(tài)動詞教案

1、情態(tài)動詞教案 Teaching Aims 【教學目標】1. Knowledge Aims（知識目標）1. 掌握情態(tài)動詞can, may, must, need, should的含義和特點；2. 掌握情態(tài)動詞用法。2. Ability Aims（能力目標）1. Encourage the students to cooperate with others and enable them to formulate grammatical rules.2. By learning, motivate the students 'inspiration and take an active p

2、art in the course of the class.3. Emotion Aims（情感目標）Build up the students confidence.Teaching Importance and Difficulties 【教學重點和難點】1. 含有情態(tài)動詞的疑問句和否定句；2. 情態(tài)動詞表示推測的用法。Teaching Methods(教學方法) Self-learning，cooperation and discussion自學（獨學、對學、群學）、合作、討論Teaching Process(教學過程)Preparation and Self-learning 【自主

3、學習、為新課奠基】Complete the following tasks.（A級 識記類）（C層學生展示，B、A層學生補充）一、何謂“情態(tài)動詞”？情態(tài)動詞主要用來表示說話人的情感、態(tài)度等，是中學英語語法的重點，也是高考的熱點，是單項填空必考的一個知識點。情態(tài)動詞在近五年高考中主要考查四點：情態(tài)動詞表示推測和可能性的用法；情態(tài)動詞與虛擬語氣；情態(tài)動詞的表達“情感、態(tài)度、語氣等”，情態(tài)動詞表示 “必要性”等方面的用法。二、情態(tài)動詞的特點1.沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。2. 有些情態(tài)動詞有過去式的變化:e.g. will would , can could , may might ,  dare

4、 dared三、情態(tài)動詞的否定形式情態(tài)動詞+ not +動詞原形can not: can't , must not: mustn't , need not : needn'tCooperation and Discussion 【合作探究、討論解疑】Reading-知識問題化、問題層次化，提高閱讀能力?。˙級 理解類 ）（ B、C層學生展示，A層學生補充）四、情態(tài)動詞的用法及相互間的區(qū)別（注意：這是?？嫉目键c）1. can , be able to    be able to 表示經過努力后, 能夠做到; be able to 有多種形式的

5、變化。can  1). 表示體力或腦力方面的能力; 2). 表示允許、可能性。could 是can的過去式, 表示過去有能力及過去存在的可能性 ; 用于疑問句表示委婉地提出問題。1) The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.  A. had to B. would  C. could   D. was able to 2) -Will you stay for lunch?   

6、; -Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustn't   B. I can't C. I needn't D. I won't2.may 表示詢問或說明一件事可不可做; 表示某事有可能發(fā)生。might是may的過去式; 用在疑問中比may委婉、客氣。1) -May I take this book out of the reading-room?-No, you mustn't.   ( Yes, you may.)2) -Might

7、 I make a suggestion?    -Yes, you may.3. must 1). 表示必須要做的事: 必須      2) 表示很有把握的推斷: 一定, 準是。have (has)to : have (has)got to     必須, 不得不。過去式: had to3) -Must I get to the station before three o'clock?-Yes, you must. ( No, you need

8、n't. )4) I'm afraid you will have to wait a while.5) She must be in the classroom now.6) Mary _ be in Paris, I saw her in town only a few minutes ago. A. mustn't       B. shouldn't      C. can't    &#

9、160; D. may not4. shall  1) 在疑問句中, 用于第一、三人稱表示說話人征求對方的意見或向對方請求。2) 用于二、三人稱,表示說話人給對方的 命令、警告、允諾等概念。1) - Shall I place an order with you now? -No, you neednt. -Shall he turn down the radio a bit?  -Yes, please.(No, please don't.)2) You shall have the English book as soon as I fini

10、sh it.3) Everything that he owns shall be taken away from him.4) Your brother seldom comes to see you, _?A. does he  B. doesn't he  C. will he D. isn't he5) It's a fine day. Let's go fishing, _?A. won't we       B. will we   

11、   C. don't we       D. shall we5. should    應該 ; 應當1) You should listen to the doctor's advice.2) You should study the article carefully.6. will, would1) 在疑問句中用于第二人稱,表示說話人向對方提出請求或詢問。用would語氣更加婉轉。2) will 表示現(xiàn)在的習慣性動作或狀態(tài); would 表示過去的習慣

12、性動作或狀態(tài)。3) will 用于各種人稱, 表示 意志、意愿、決心、允諾; would 表示過去時間的 意志、意愿、.。(1) Don't smoke in the meeting room, _ you?  A. do youB. will you   C. can you D. could you-Will you come with me?   -Yes, I will.(I am sorry , I can't.)(2) -Would you tell us something about yourself?

13、  -Yes, I will.(3) - It's my birthday tomorrow. Don't forget to come to my party.- _ .A. I don't        B. I won't        C. I can't       D. I haven't7. ought to 

14、60;  應該; 應當1) You oughtn't to smoke too much.2) She _ for what she has done.A. ought to praise    B. ought be praisedC. ought to have praised  D. ought to be praised8. dare   1. dare to come      2. dare come1) He dare not tell the trut

15、h. 2) He doesn't dare to come out at night.3) I don't know whether he _ try.A. dare B. needs  C. wants  D. is allowed9. need   1). 作為情態(tài)動詞:必須      2). 作為實義動詞: 需要A.主語是人  need( to do something ; to be done by somebody)  

16、B. 主語是事物    need ( doing; to be done) 1) -Do they need to take any books with them?-No, they don't need to.2) -Need we buy any new equipment?     -No, we needn't.3) This farm tool needs repairing. This farm tool needs to be repaired.  &#

17、160;4) -Shall I tell John about it ?   - No, you _ . I've told him already.A. needn't     B. wouldn't      C. mustn't      D. shouldn't5) It's a fine day. You _ take a raincoat with you.

18、 A. can't        B. mustn't        C. needn't       D. may not五、情態(tài)動詞的解題例析(1) 認真審題，結合所給出的語境，正確把握說話者的語氣、情感、態(tài)度、觀點等。(2) 認真思考所給選項中情態(tài)動詞的基本特征和用法，并結合語境推敲答案。(3) 要注意把握時間概念。情態(tài)動詞無論是表達“推測和可能性

19、”，還是表達“虛擬”這一概念，只要是對過去已經發(fā)生的事情進行描述，一律用“情態(tài)動詞+have done”這一結構；對現(xiàn)在或將來的事情進行描述，用“情態(tài)動詞+動詞或系動詞原形”。例如：（NMET2008山東，24）Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we _ it without you. A. can manage             B. could have managed

20、0;C. could manage                D. can have managed根據(jù)題干中所給出的時間last week可知我們已經做完了工作，已經完成，故排除A、C兩項，再結合could have done表示虛擬語氣以及與前面的I dont think，故說話者想表達的意思是：離開了你，我們本不可能完成這項工作。故答案為B項。Expansion and Improvement【知識拓展、能力提升】（D級 拓展類）（C、

21、B層學生展示，A層學生補充）下面我們來看看?？嫉囊恍┣閼B(tài)動詞以下試題均來源于往年的高考試題，具有很強的針對性(1) must表示推測，意為“一定”，只能用于肯定句中。 must have done意為：一定做過某事或某事肯定發(fā)生了。 例如：     She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam.I guess so. Its not difficult after all. A. should       B. could&

22、#160;      C. must       D. might【解析】句意為：她看上去很高興，一定是通過了考試?！敬鸢浮緾(2) should (not) / ought (not) to在中表示根據(jù)常規(guī)或常識推測，表示“某事應該或不應該發(fā)生”，語氣比must或cant / couldnt稍弱。例如：Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?It _ be, but it is now heavily pollute

23、d.A. will       B. would     C. should       D. must 【解析】should此處表示推測，意為“應該”?！敬鸢浮緾There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.   A. mustnt

24、0;   B. shant    C. shouldnt     D. neednt【解析】句意：既然你在駕校進行了大量訓練，那么通過道路測試按理不應該有困難?！敬鸢浮緾(3) can, could表達推測時，一般用于疑問句和否定句中；can用于肯定句中表示一種理論上的可能性，并不牽涉是否真的會發(fā)生，在這種用法中can只能與動詞原形連用；could用于肯定句中，語氣比may/ might更弱。例如： You _ be hungry already you had lunch only two h

25、ours ago!   A. wouldnt       B. cant     C. mustnt     D. needntShe _ have left school, for her bike is still here.   A. cant     B. wouldnt     C. shouldnt  &#

26、160; D. needntIt is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometime.   A. must     B. can     C. should          D. wouldPeter _ be really difficult at times even though hes a nice p

27、erson in general.   A. shall    B. should    C. can    D. must【解析】 兩個考題中can用于中表示否定的推測，意為：不可能，一定不會； 兩個考題中can表示理論上的可能性，翻譯為：有時候會?！敬鸢浮?B A  B C (4)may (not) / might (not)表達一種不太把握的推測，意為“或許，可能”；might的語氣比may較婉轉。例如： Liza _ well

28、not want to go on the trip - she hates traveling.   A. will     B. can      C. must      D. may【解析】may well為固定搭配，意為：很可能，極有可能?！敬鸢浮?#160; Although this _ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.   A. must&

29、#160;     B. may    C. shall      D. should【解析】這聽起來或許是一項簡單的任務，但卻需要極大的細心?！敬鸢浮緽I cant find my purse anywhere.  You _ have lost it while shopping.   A. may     B. can    C. should  &#

30、160; D. would【解析】結合語境可知，回答者是在提醒對方：或許購物時把錢包丟了?！敬鸢浮緼（二）表達虛擬語氣的情態(tài)動詞對過去的一種結果的假設或虛擬，用情態(tài)動詞+have done這一結構，常用的有以下幾個情態(tài)動詞：(1) should (not) / ought (not) to have done本（不）應該做某事，但卻沒有做或做了，含有責備或后悔之意。例如：Im sorry. I _at you the other day.Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.   A. shouldnt shout

31、0;        B. shouldnt have shoutedC. mustnt shout      C. mustnt have shouted【解析】對不起，我那天本不應該對你大喊大叫的?！敬鸢浮緽 (2) could have done本來能夠做某事但未做。例如：Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we _ it without you.   A

32、. can manage             B. could have managed C. could manage              D. can have managed【解析】根據(jù)題干中所給出的時間last week可知我們已經做完了工作，已經完成，故排除A、C兩項，再結合could have done表示虛擬語氣以

33、及與前面的I dont think，故說話者想表達的意思是：離開了你，我們本不可能完成這項工作?！敬鸢浮緽(3) neednt have done本沒有必要做某事但卻做了。要注意neednt do則表達“沒有必要去做某事”，時間上應該是現(xiàn)在或將來。例如：Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.Thanks. You _ it. I could manage it myself.    A. neednt do         &#

34、160; B. neednt have done   C. mustnt do           D. shouldnt have done【解析】根據(jù)句意可知Catherine對對方為她打掃了房間表示感謝并提到對方不必為她打掃房間?！敬鸢浮緽 The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we        go to work tomor

35、row.    A. cant      B. mustnt     C. neednt      D. shouldnt【解析】老板給所有的員工放了假，所以我們明天不必再去上班?！敬鸢浮緾(4)would (not) have done本來(不)會發(fā)生某事，但卻（發(fā)生了）或沒有發(fā)生。常用于虛擬條件句或含蓄虛擬條件引導的虛擬語氣，表示對過去所發(fā)生事情結果的假設。例如：He hesitated for a moment befo

36、re kicking the ball, otherwise, he _ a goal.   A. had scored       B. scored      C. would score      D. would have scored【解析】句中otherwise為含蓄條件，相當于if he had not hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball，這是對

37、過去的一種虛擬假設?！敬鸢浮緿(5) might have done表示“本來可能”，但實際上沒有發(fā)生的事。例如：What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ better.   A. need have done             B. must have doneC. can have done       

38、       D. might have done【解析】真是可惜！考慮到他的能力和經驗，他本來可以做得更好的?！敬鸢浮緿（三）表達“情感、態(tài)度、語氣” 等方面的情態(tài)動詞1. must表達“情感、態(tài)度、語氣”主要有以下用法：(1) 表示主觀的義務和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑問句，意思為“必須，得，要”；由must引起的疑問句，肯定回答要用must或have to， 否定回答要用neednt或dont have to,意思是“不必”。另外，must與have to都可以表示“必須”這一含義。must表示一種主觀的需要，而have to表示

39、一種客觀的需要，意思是“不得不”，其否定形式是don have to。 例如： -What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?-Well, it _ be big-that's not important.    A. mustn't    B. needn't       C. can't       D. w

40、on't    【解析】Something big?此處意為：Must it be big? 回答者的意思是：房子不必太大那并不重要?！敬鸢浮緽                    (2) must的否定形式mustnt表示禁止，意思是“不能，不許”。例如：When I was young, I was told that I _ play wit

41、h matches   A. wouldn't     B. needn't     C. mustn't       D. daren't【解析】當我年輕的時候，（家人）就一直告誡我千萬不要玩火柴?！敬鸢浮緾(3) must用于條件句或疑問句中，可以用來表示責備、抱怨的感情色彩，意思為“偏要，硬要、干嘛”。例如：May I smoke here ?If you _, choose a seat in t

42、he smoking section.    A. should       B. could       C. may       D. mustJohn, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour?AMust       BCan 

43、0;      CMay       DNeed【解析】must在這兩道試題中均表示“非得，偏要”?！敬鸢浮?D  A2. should(1) should應該，表示“責任和義務”。例如：According to the air traffic rules, you _ switch off your mobile phone before boarding.   A. may   B. can  

44、0;  C. would   D. should【解析】should此處表示根據(jù)交通法規(guī)應盡的責任和義務?！敬鸢浮緿(2) 在虛擬條件句中用以加強假設語氣，表示“與將來事實相反的假設”，用 If+主語+ should +動詞原形，當“萬一(會)”講。這時可省略if，將should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式。請看下面的例子： If it should rain (=Should it rain) tomorrow, I would stay at home.萬一明天下雨的話，我就待在家里。再如：_ fired, your health care an

45、d other benefits will not be immediately cut off.   A. Would you be               B. Should you be      C. Could you be            

46、0;  D. Might you be【解析】句意：萬一你被解雇，給你的醫(yī)療救助和其它方面的福利也不會被取消?！敬鸢浮緽(3) should還可以用來表示說話人對某事不能理解、趕到意外、驚異等意思，譯為“竟然，竟會”。例如：You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady.    A. might      B. need      C. should &#

47、160;     D. would【解析】句意：你想象不到這么一個表現(xiàn)良好的紳士竟然會對一個女士這么粗魯?！敬鸢浮緾3. shall(1) shall用于第一和第三人稱，常用于疑問句中，用來征求對方意見。例如：Whats the name?Khulaifi. _ I spell it for you?   A. Shall     B. Would     C. Can     D. Might【答案】A 

48、(2) 用于第二和第三人稱，表示“命令、威脅、警告、允諾、”等。例如：Excuse me. But I want to use your computer to type a report.You _have my computer if you dont take care of it .   A. shant    B. might not    C. neednt     D. shouldnt【解析】shall此處表示“警告”?！敬鸢浮緼(3) shall也用于宣布法

49、律、規(guī)定的要求。例如：What does the sign over there read? “No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.”   A. will       B. may     C. shall     D. must【解析】禁止吸煙是此處的規(guī)定?！敬鸢浮緾 4. can(1) can可以用來表

50、示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度，主要用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中。例如：How _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have only covered only part of the article?A. can      B. must       C. need       D. may【答案】A(2) can也可以用來表示請求或許可。例如：Mum, Ive been studying English since 8 oclock. _I go out and play with Tom for a while?No, Im afraid not. Besides, its raining outside now.   A. Cant   &#