雅思大作文-范文30篇

1、全球化的缺點： 經(jīng)濟上，發(fā)展中國家的勞動力被剝削，資源被取用，而產(chǎn)品卻不能夠進人發(fā)達國家，國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)受到外商和外企的沖擊； 社會上，外國的產(chǎn)品流人一個國家，會改變?nèi)藗兊纳盍?xí)慣和購買習(xí)慣；年輕人比較喜歡外同產(chǎn)品，比如說食品、衣服、電子產(chǎn)品和娛樂方式； 文化上，本土文化會被削弱，本土語言會受到威脅，文化多樣性會逐步損失； 環(huán)境上，工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)和交通量的加大會增加溫室氣體的排放；游人的增多會對自然環(huán)境構(gòu)成威脅。Topic 1: Increasing travels between countries enable people to learn different cultures or to inc

2、rease tension between people from different countries?外來人口的增加有利于文化的交流： 游客或者移民都具備經(jīng)濟利益和價值（commercial interest and economic value)； 而外同人的停留時間是和東道國的合作密切相關(guān)的（The length of stay depends on the cooperation of the host society.);很多當?shù)厝艘虼吮憩F(xiàn)得非常好客和友好，這有助于文化的交流（Many local people are very friendly and hospitable,

3、which promote the cultural communications.)； 對其他的文化和人民更為了解（a better understanding of other cultures and other peoples),改變?nèi)藗儗ζ渌褡搴臀幕膽B(tài)度（alter one's attitudes towards another people or culture);人們因此可以接受不同的文化和價值觀（embrace different values and cultures),可以和平共處（create motivation to coexist peacefully)

4、, 并促進對"多元文化的理解 (promote multi-cultural understanding)； 促進文化的融合（promote integration),消除文化障礙（remove cultural barriers), 外來人口的增加導(dǎo)致沖突： 違反當?shù)氐牧?xí)俗會激怒當?shù)厝耍╞reach of local customs can irritate the locals); 不同文化的人看待同一事物總有不同的角度（harbour different perceptions),并給予不同的解釋(different interpretations)，比如對手勢、衣服、言行舉止

5、有不同的理解；舉止不當會引起當?shù)厝艘庀氩坏降姆磻?yīng)(provoke unanticipated responses); 外國游客增多會對當?shù)丨h(huán)境造成壓力，甚至破壞環(huán)境，而移民增多可能導(dǎo)致工作機會減少，致使競爭更加激烈，這些都有可能引起當?shù)厝说姆锤校╟ause resentment in local communities).范文Globalization is a catch-all term that refers to any activity that involves more than one country, for example, travel from one country

6、to another. The dramatic increase in transnational travel in recent years has sparked controversy over the potential impacts of this trend on individual countriesf especially those new member states of globalization. Some people are concerned that the upsurge in new arrivals will prompt local hostil

7、ity against visitors instead of promoting their understanding on mutual cultural background. This notion should be rejected as one can see many facts in favor of this development between countries.The first reason why international travels would never bring conflict is rooted in the fact that both v

8、isitors and locals are economically motivated. International travel opens up opportunities for business development throughout the world. Entrepreneurs are interested not only in the domestic market but also in the oversea market. Foreigners should learn the culture of a country before winning over

9、the local people. In turn, locals should show their hospitality to visitors in exchange for their trust. They share a view that acceptance of each other's cultural background is a necessary condition for cooperation.Understanding a culture has other implications. Differences in social background

10、, cultural values and religious belief might make the discrepancy of foreigners and local inhabitants on some issues indelible; however, the higher interaction, the higher level of communication and understanding. Arabians, for example, used to consider westerners as their foes. Now they have concre

11、te relations with their western allies in many fields. In the initial stage, their divergence seemed inherent but over time, with better mutual understanding, they take the same position on many issues.Undeniably, it is likely that in some resorts, foreign visitors repel the local community with the

12、ir scant regard for the local environment and conventions when they first arrive. However, it should be noted that most offense is accidental, rather than intentional. Instead, visitors disobey rules and conventions simply because they have no knowledge of them. This situation is expected to be impr

13、oved with the passing of time when visitors from different countries increase their knowledge of a local culture.According to the above analysis, we can observe that the increase in the international travel should not be taken as the cause of any conflict that arises between two countries. Alternati

14、vely, one should recognize its role in improving mutual understanding between two countries.近義詞表1. catch-all = all-embracing:包羅甚廣的 ；包括一切的2. hostility=enmity=resentment:敵意,怨'恨,憤恨3. rooted in=derived from=based on:基于4. entrepreneur=tycoon=mogul=industrialist:企業(yè)家，實業(yè)家5. discrepancy=disagreement=diff

15、erence=divergence:分歧，矛盾6. foe=enemy=rival:敵人，竟爭對手7. concrete=tangible=solid:具體的，實際的8. overtime=in due course=sooner or later:最終，早9. resort:勝地；tourist resort:旅游勝地；holiday resort：度假勝地；beach resort:海邊度假勝地； scenic spot:景觀；place of interest: 旅游景點10. repel=revolt=repulse:使厭惡，憎惡 11. scant=limited=scarce:缺乏

16、的，不足的Topic2: When international media (including movies, fashion shows, advertisements and other TV programs) convey the same messages to the global audience, people argue that the expansion of international media has negative impacts on cultural diversity. What is your opinion?媒體信息一致的缺點： 國際媒體（globa

17、l media)般掌握在少數(shù)幾個有實力的機構(gòu)手中（in the hands of a few, large, powerful organizations)；有了媒體的宣傳(propaganda)后,西方文化成了主流(domineering force),大規(guī)模的、有吸引力的廣告(mass seductive advertising )喚起了落后地區(qū)人們對物質(zhì) 新的向往（create fresh desires),經(jīng)濟聯(lián)系增強（strong economic ties),西方產(chǎn)品取代了本地產(chǎn) 品，使人們更加向往西方的文化； 文化開始融合在一起(mingle),人們被新的價值觀所圍繞(bomba

18、rded with new values)，對自 己的文化失去信心和自豪感（confidence and pride),拒絕接受自己的文化傳統(tǒng)（rejection of their cultural heritage)轉(zhuǎn)而接受西方的文化習(xí)慣（adoption of Western cultural practices);西方 媒體削弱了民族的特征(ethnic identity)和社會的凝聚力（social cohesion);因為擔心失去觀眾 (a loss of viewers),當?shù)氐碾娨暸_也開始播放西方的電視節(jié)目（television shows), 國際媒體的普遍會降低世界文化的品質(zhì)

19、和多樣性（degrade the quality and diversity of world culture);文化被商業(yè)化（commercialized), 些文化產(chǎn)品（cultural goods),如音樂、服裝，都 變成了商品（commodities in the marketplace)。因此，即便一些文化在世界其他地方傳播，它原 來的性質(zhì)（authenticity)已經(jīng)喪失。媒體信息一致的優(yōu)點： 國家之間的頻繁交往會促進文化之間的交流。因此，相互了解和相互認同的可能性 (likelihood of mutual understanding and mutual acceptance

20、 )就會增加，這是順應(yīng)全球化的趨勢； 未必一定放棄傳統(tǒng)觀念（not necessarily lead to the abolition of traditional values),事實上媒體 可以起到宣傳和穩(wěn)固傳統(tǒng)文化的作用； 主流媒體一般都會反應(yīng)文化多元性（The dominant media reflect cultural diversity.); 些外國 節(jié)目其實促進了文化多元性(Most foreign programming is promoting cultural diversity.),適應(yīng) 了當?shù)氐臈l件（adapt to local conditions)，注意到了當?shù)匚?/p>

21、化的敏感性（aware of cultural sensitivity).自我調(diào)節(jié)來適應(yīng)市場(exercise self-censorship to suit the market :)。范文As international media companies expand across the world, the growing popularity and uniformity of some media programs (such as TV shows, movies, fashion shows) is causing worldwide concern. Many people h

22、ave strong views toward this trend. In my opinion, international media is closely linked to cultural globalization and cultural homogeneity.The dominance of international media is a sign of Western cultural imperialism and has the potential to thwart cultural diversity. It is not a secret that inter

23、national media is owned and operated by a handful of giant corporations, such as Time Warner. They control large sectors of the media market and place national media companies at risk. The contraction in the number of media owners will cause a proportional reduction, in the variety of programs broad

24、casted. For example, painting, music and movies accessible in the media have a small number of genres, imposing restraints on one's knowledge of artworks of different cultural backgrounds.In addition to seizing control over those creative industries, global entertainment companies affect cultura

25、l diversity by reshaping the perceptions, beliefs and norms of ordinary citizens in different countries. Most of the cultural values and ideals promoted by the leading mainstream media are of American origin. American culture values individuality, maximization of one's benefits and material weal

26、th, rather than communal life and family solidarity, the values and norms previously treasured in" many Asian countries. Unfortunately, many Asian people now imitate American people, causing the alteration of their perceptions of family. This radical change can be attributed to those movies and

27、 TV programs that portray the success of American individuals or corporations.The loss of media diversity is also responsible for people's narrow sense of ways of life. The ruling class of many countries speaks English, favors Western food, wears Western-style jackets and even prefers Western we

28、ddings. Young people are captivated by American basketball and some even daubing the names of NBA stars on their school sweatsuits. All these transformations in life are the result of the audience's exposure to Hollywood movies, TV shows and sports reports. The loss of media diversity will lead

29、to degradation of culture and to a minimization of cultural diversity. It is a worrying trend, as people need cultural diversity to preserve and pass on their valuable heritage to future generations, including lifestyle.As shown above, international media, controlled by a handful of transnational me

30、dia corporations, is exporting Western culture worldwide and putting many indigenous cultures at the risk of extinction. The uniformity of media programs has led to that of artworks, norms and ways of life wherever international media goes.近義詞表1. dominance=domination=power:統(tǒng)治，力量2. sign=symbol=mark=s

31、ignal=indication：標志，象征3. thwart=prevent=spoil=ruin:阻止，破壞4. a handful of=a small number of:少數(shù)的5. contraction-reduction ：減少6. proportional=relative：相對的，成比例的7. perception=view=opinion:看法8. ideal=value=belief=principle:觀點，觀念；標準9. solidarity=unity=harmony=cohesion:團結(jié)10. be captivated by=be obsessed with=

32、be passionate about=be addicted to=be keen on=be enthusiastic about:被所吸引11. pass on=give=impart=convey:傳遞，灌輸Topic 3: There is a disagreement on the impact of increased business and culture contact between countries on a country's identity. What is your opinion?商業(yè)和文化的接觸增多會導(dǎo)致一個國家特征的喪失： 影響文化：文化不是靜態(tài)

33、的，而是動態(tài)的（not static, but dynamic)；種文化的改變主要是由 于社會環(huán)境(social environment)發(fā)生了變化。比如說，人們的飲食習(xí)慣發(fā)生了改變，這是學(xué)習(xí) 夕卜界文化的結(jié)果(People's eating habits have been changed as the result of learned behaviour.)； 快餐文化源自美國，有些人將此作為財富的象征(symbols of wealth),從而喜歡快餐；另外， 本地的飲食文化會改變，以適應(yīng)外國人的口味（suit the tastes of visitors); 影響生活方式：進

34、口商品的增多，對外國產(chǎn)品的喜好（preference for imports);人們更加熟悉 他國的文化，而忘記自身的特點（sense of identity)，社會的團結(jié)也有所損害（an erosion of social solidarity);服裝、飲食、娛樂等等都被兩化了 （westernized),比如說，西裝現(xiàn)在是流行 的男性服裝(the suit is the most popular outfit for men)； 欠發(fā)達國家在技術(shù)革新中起到的作用甚微(play a small role in the technological revolution),所 以需要"

35、出賣"自己國家的主權(quán)或者利益來獲得國際的幫助（concede sovereignty and interests to other countries for aid)；貧富差距加大(widening gap between the richest and poorest parts of the world)； 接受西方文化的人們成為一個國家新的統(tǒng)治階級（new ruling class);人們摒棄傳統(tǒng)的觀念 (renounce traditionally-held beliefs),覺得傳統(tǒng)觀念是過時的和低人一等的（outdated and inferior);主流文化會取代老式

36、的和各種各樣的文化（A dominant culture takes over diverse cultures.),人們不再尊重傳統(tǒng)文化（lose respect older cultures),而傳統(tǒng)觀念最終成為歷史 consigned to history)。商業(yè)和文化的接觸增多會加強一個國家的特征： 外來文化讓人們意識到自己文化的特點，從而更加注意維持這種文化； 一種特殊文化會引起世界的關(guān)注，人們會更加注意保護。范文One of the most conspicuous trends in the 21st century is a closer connection between

37、countries, in both economic and cultural aspects. There is a widespread worry that this will lead to the gradual demise of countries identities. This issue should be viewed and analyzed from multiple perspectives.When a country tends to develop a closer relationship with the rest of the world, it do

38、es not necessarily give up its culture. Culture is not a disgrace to but an asset of a country. An indigenous culture can distinguish one country from others, attracting foreign visitors and yielding high income. As most tourists travel abroad for learning different cultures and sampling different w

39、ays of life, such as Beijing opera in China, Japanese tea culture and Thai temples, many countries have responded with protecting and preserving their cultural identities, in an effort to keep themselves in the list of the most popular destinations. Increased tourism instills fresh life force into t

40、hese countries, aiding the conservation of their features.While tourism provides a driving force for cultural conversation, some components of a culture, such as traditions customs or taboos might die out over time. It seems that in some countries, the locals have become more accustomed to exotic cu

41、ltures. It reflects the combined effects of the invasion of foreign cultures, either through media or through direct business interaction. For example, two decades ago, sex was a taboo subject in China and most Chinese people felt embarrassed to talk openly about it. Over time the Western culture ha

42、s permeated into the Chinese lifestyle, and the Chinese people have broken many of their time-honoured traditions. It occurs in the rest of the world as well.As outlined above, increased interaction between countries in the domains of business and culture can either strengthen or undermine the ident

43、ities of countries involved, To date there is no definite answer to this question.近義詞表1. conspicuous-noticeable=prominent=striking:顯箸的，突出的2. connection=linkage= relation=relationship:關(guān)系，聯(lián)系3. demise=disappearance=vanishing=fading:消失，死亡4. multiple=manifold=numerous=various=many:不同的，很多的5. disgrace=dish

44、onour=shame=humiliation:恥辱6. life force=soul=essence：生命力7. conservation=protection=preservation:保存，保護8. exotic=bizarre=outlandish=from afar=mysteriously unusual: 外來的，奇異的9. taboo=offensive=embarrassing=unacceptable=disgraceful=dishonourable=humiliating:無禮的，侮辱性的；忌諱的10. permeate=seep into=pervade=leak

45、into:滲透11. time-honoured=age-old=long-established ：歷史悠久的12. interaction=interplay=communication=relationship:相互作用Topic 4: Some people believe that culture will be ruined if it is used to earn tourism revenue, but others consider that tourism is the only way of protecting a culture. Discuss both side

46、s and give your own opinion.旅游業(yè)有益文化保護（cultural preservation)的論點： 除了自然景觀（landscape)之外，文化和歷史是吸引旅游者去一個國家或者一個旅游景點 (tourism site)觀光的最主要原因（motivator);旅游業(yè)和文化遺產(chǎn)相結(jié)合（integrate tourism and cultural heritage)為文化保護提供了經(jīng)濟支持（economic incentives)； 在文化領(lǐng)域提供一些旅游選擇(introduce the tourism options available with the cultur

47、al sectors)， 如博物館、歷史景點、活動禾卩奠食等（including museums, historical sites, events and cuisine), 游客會深人了解當?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)和習(xí)俗（get an insight into local customs and traditions),感受當?shù)貍?統(tǒng)和藝術(shù)（experience local traditions, arts and heritage),從而更加尊重當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)和周圍的環(huán)境 (respect the host community and its environment),促進不同國家之間關(guān)于自然和文化資源保護的交

48、流與對話(the dialogue over conservation of natural and cultural resources )0 一旅游業(yè)導(dǎo)致文化破壞cultural destruction )的觀點： 保護的一般是食物、時尚、節(jié)日等（preserve food, fashion, festivals and so forth)些文化的表 面一，征（superficial elements of a culture), ；|各文化定格成表演者（freeze culture as performers), 導(dǎo)致了文化、宗教、傳統(tǒng)儀式、物質(zhì)文化和語言的損失（the loss of

49、culture, religion, rituals, material culture and language)；將文化商業(yè)化(commercialise the culture),破壞了文化神圣和 獨特的本質(zhì)(erode the sacred and unique nature)；雖然很多活動是娛樂活動（entertain, rather than educate tourists),但有些是對當?shù)厝说囊环N羞辱(humiliate the local people)； 垃圾、涂鴉、破壞和噪音不斷增加（increasing litter, graffiti, vandalism and n

50、oise)，游客在沒有 被允許的情況下進人建筑物、神殿、神圣的土地（enter buildings, shrines or sacred lands without permission).這都與當?shù)匚幕鄾_突，是一種文化侮辱（an insult to the local culture )范文There is little room for doubt that tourism is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world. However, its impact on culture remains a source of co

51、nstant debate. This essay will elaborate on both positive and negative effects of tourism from a cultural perspective.Providing economic incentives for cultural preservation is unarguably one of the main contributions of tourism. To many tourists, culture and history are what they first consider whe

52、n choosing a destination. Their mindset has been recognised by many tourism sites and money has been subsequently directed toward cultural protection, including the maintenance of key historical sites. Tourism is therefore one of the primary forces contributing to the preservation of a culture.In ad

53、dition to raising financing, tourism can make an indigenous culture known to the world and rally support worldwide to protect it. When a historic site or a site that shows a country's cultural heritage is made accessible to the public, visitors from all over the world will soon flock there. They

54、 will share their experience in the local culture with their friends and families once they return home, assisting this site to gain international fame. Both financial and technological support will flood in for the conservation of natural and cultural resources.On the negative side, tourism develop

55、s sometimes at the expense of part of culture. Food, festivals, costumes and other stimulating elements of a culture are highlighted to entertain tourists, constituting an insult to the locals and causing damage to the unique nature of a culture. Moreover, cultural commercialization has made the sac

56、red elements of a culture commonplace and tourists are encouraged to attach little importance to a unique tradition, which cannot be found elsewhere.In the light of these facts, one can conclude that tourism is neither a boon nor a bane to cultural preservation. While its endeavour lo protect an ind

57、igenous culture should be recognized, it has put the integrity of a culture at risk.近義詞表1. unarguably= unquestionably =indisputably=undeniably:無可置提地，無可否認地2. destination=site=place:地點3. maintenance=preservation=upholding=protection:保護，保存4. indigenous=original=aboriginal：本土的，原始的5. fame=reputation=reco

58、gnition=eminence:名氣，名聲6. at the expense of=at the cost of:以犧牲為前提7. entertain=amuse=keep somebody amused:使愉快8. insult=offence:侮辱9. commonplace=ordinary: 平凡的10. in the light of=in view of=considering=taking into account:考慮到11. endeavour=effort=attempt:努力，嘗試12. integrity=entirety=unity:完整性13. put at risk=endanger=jeopardise:危及，使危險政府投資政府的投資主要有以下用途： 國防（defense):保護一個國家免受攻擊或者其他威脅（Protect a country against attack or other threats.)； 保證法律和公共秩序的實施（enforcement of law and public order)以及政府的運作（operation of government)； 社會保障（social security)和醫(yī)療保?。╤ealth care systems)； 福利 (welfare):為那些不能夠自給自足的人（people who