Unit 6 How to deal with the drug problem教案(綜英一)

1、備 課 紙任教課程 年 月 日Unit 6 How do we deal with the drug problem?一、授課時間：第12周3次課, 13周2次課二授課類型：理論課8學(xué)時、實踐課2學(xué)時三授課題目：How do we deal with the drug problem四授課時數(shù)：10五教學(xué)目的和要求：Try to increase more knowledge about drug problems and form correct and healthy attitude towards drug；Learn about the different solutions to

2、the drug problem and understand the pros and cons of each of them；Compare the arguments and find out their logical premises and fallacies；Learn how to argue coherently and convincingly by studying the techniques employed by the writers.六教學(xué)重點和難點：1）背景知識的傳授：prohibition; background information of the th

3、ree authors2）文章的體裁分析3）語言點的理解：Word study: addict, end up, stamp out, get hooked on, wither away etcGrammar Focus: enumeration; when used as an adverbial conjunction of concession link verb+as though/as if used to make a comparison; such used as the subjec of a sentence 4) 寫作技巧分析七教學(xué)基本內(nèi)容和綱要Part One War

4、m up1.1 Warm-up Questions1. How much do you know about the drug problem before reading the essays? Please list the names of some drugs and speak out its effects on people?2. Why do you think people still take drugs in spite of the worldwide anti-drug campaigns? What are peoples motivations of abusin

5、g (taking) drugs? What kind of people is the largest group?3. What do you know about the situation in China? Do you think the drug problem is serious? 1.2 what is drug?Thanks to medical and drug research, there are thousands of drugs that help people. But there are also lots of illegal, harmful drug

6、s that people take to help them feel good or have a good time. There are many reasons for trying them or starting to use them regularly. People take drugs just for the pleasure they believe they can bring. Often it is because someone tried to convince them that drugs would make them feel good or tha

7、t theyd have a better time if they took them. Opium (鴉片）is a narcotic(麻醉劑) formed from the latex (樹汁) released by cutting the immature seed pods (種子莢) of poppies (罌粟). It is most frequently processed chemically to produce heroin for the illegal drug trade. Morphine（嗎啡） is the principal active agent

8、in opium(20%). It acts directly on the central nervous system to relieve pain. Morphine has a high potential for addiction; tolerance and both physical and psychological dependence develop rapidly.A white crystalline powder made from the dried leaves of the coca plant, cocaine（可卡因） is a stimulant th

9、at rocks the central nervous system, giving users a quick, intense feeling of power and energy. Marijuana（大麻毒品） is the most widely used illegal drug in the world because of its low price. It is often called a gateway drug because frequent use can lead to the use of stronger drugs. Amphetamines(苯丙胺，冰

10、毒) are stimulants that accelerate functions in the brain and body. Swallowed or snorted, these drugs hit users with a fast high, making them feel powerful, alert and energized. Ketamine is a quick acting anesthetic that is legally used in both human and animals as sedative (鎮(zhèn)靜劑). Users may become de

11、lirious(極度亢奮), hallucinate(產(chǎn)生幻覺), and lose their sense of time and reality. Ecstasy(MDMA搖頭丸) is a designer drug created by underground chemists and is a popular club drug among teens. It also raised the temperature of the body, which can sometimes cause organ damage or even death. 1.3 How does drug

12、work?Drugs are chemicals or substances that change the way our bodies work. When you put them into your body, drugs find their way into your bloodstream and are transported to parts of your body, such as your brain. In the brain, drugs may either intensify or dull your senses, alter your sense of al

13、ertness, and sometimes decrease physical pain.1.4 the harmful effects that drugs bringDependenceMental problemsRestlessnessMuscle/bone pain Insomnia (失眠) Diarrhea (腹瀉) VomitingCold sweats1.5 overview of the drug problemDrug abuse has been increasing at a rapid rate globally. It includes the use of i

14、llegal drugssuch as marijuana, methamphetamines , cocaine, heroin, or other "street drugs"and the abuse of legal prescription and nonprescription drugs. In the United States and Canada, approximately 40% of adults will use an illegal drug at some time during their lives. Many people abuse

15、more than one illegal substance at a time. Statistics also show that there are nearly 10 million drug takers in China. The practice occurs most among young people who are looking for new sensations. Many young people have tried drugs simply because they were told not to. They are likely to try what

16、other people, especially their parents and teachers, call undesirable, just to be rebellious. Some young people begin to take drugs when they are in elementary school. Often their friends have persuaded them to do so. They are tempted by the excitement or escape that drugs seem to offer.Many teens b

17、elieve drugs will help them think better, be more popular, stay more active, or become better athletes. Others are simply curious and figure one try wont hurt. Others want to fit in. A few use drugs to gain attention from their parents. 1.6 celebrity abuse drugsCelebrities have acquired an extremely

18、 high status within contemporary society, particularly in the eyes of young people. Celebrities have definite influence on young adults. NEW YORK: Record-breaking Olympic swimmer Michael Phelps issued an apology on Sunday after a British newspaper published a photograph showing him smoking marijuana

19、. "I'm 23 years old and despite the successes I've had in the pool, I acted in a youthful and inappropriate way, not in the manner people have come to expect from me," he said. "For this, I am sorry. I promise my fans and the public it will not happen again." 1.7 drug sto

20、riesThe Opium Wars, also known as the Anglo-Chinese Wars, lasted from 1839 to 1842 and 1856 to 1860, the climax of a trade dispute between China under the Qing Dynasty and the British Empire. British smuggling of opium from British India into China in defiance of (公然蔑視) China's drug laws erupted

21、 into open warfare between Britain and China. Chinas defeat in both wars left its government having to tolerate the opium trade. Britain forced the Chinese government into signing the Treaty of Nanjing and the Treaty of Tianjin, also known as the Unequal Treaties, which included provisions for the o

22、pening of additional ports to foreign trade, for fixed tariffs; for the recognition of both countries as equal in correspondence; and for the annexation (吞并)of Hong Kong by Britain. The British also gained extraterritorial (國土范圍之外的)rights. Several countries followed Britain and sought similar agreem

23、ents with China. Many Chinese found these agreements humiliating (恥辱的)and these sentiments (情緒)are considered to have contributed to the Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864), and the downfall of Qing in 1912. The Opium Wars forcefully and suddenly opened China to the world. Part Two Background Information2

24、.1 Authors1. Gore Vidalprolific American novelist, and essayist, political activist: Democratic- LiberalThe war on drugs has nothing at all to do with drugs. It is part of an all-out war on the American people by a government interested only in control. Gore Vidal“Probably no American writer since F

25、ranklin has derided, ridiculed, and mocked Americans more skillfully and more often than Vidal.” (Gordon S. Wood, The New York Times, December 14, 2003)Gore Vidal was often pointedly controversial: he published comments on democracy, homosexuality, religion, and drug legalization.2.2 Clarence Page C

26、olumnist editorial board of the Chicago Tribune1972 Pulitzer Prize for a Chicago Tribune Task Force series on voter fraud1989 Pulitzer Prize for Commentary2.3 Charles Krauthammera syndicated columnist: The Washington Post Writers Group political commentator, physician , conservative (neoconservative

27、 in foreign policy)2.4 Prohibition in the United States (the Noble Experiment) 1840s, spearheaded by some religious denominations1881, Kansas as the first to outlaw alcoholic beverages 1917, alcohol banned as mandated in the 18th Amendment to the Constitution 1919-1933, nation-wide movement, plagued

28、 by smuggling and bootlegging 1933, the 18th Amendment repealed by the 21st AmendmentPart Three Text Appreciation3.1 Text Analysis3.1.1 Structure of the text1. drugs I. Thesis: plausibility of legalization (para. 1) II. Reasoning (paras. 2-8) A. rebuttal of the danger of a whiff of opium (para 2) B.

29、 The freedom to do what one wants (para 3) C. rebuttal of the warning rumble that legalization will lead us to end up a race of Zombie. (para 4) D. a consequence of prohibition: making people want it more (para 5) E. the negative effects of the prohibition (paras. 6-7) F. The consequences of a sligh

30、t reduction in the supply of marujuana (para 8) III. Conclusion: unlikelihood of legalization 2. The trouble with legalizing drugs I. Thesis: infeasibility of legalization (para 11) II. Appeal of legalization (paras 12-15) A. Positive effects (para12) B. ineffectiveness of prohibition (paras 13-15)

31、III. Rebuttal of legalization (para 16-19) A. increase of drug use and social cost as a result of legalization (para 16) B. evidence of prohibition reducing drug use (paras 17-18) C. A weakness in Bennets argument (para 19) IV. conclusion: infeasibility of both a quick and a slow fix3. Legalize? No.

32、 Deglamorize I. Elimination of drug-related crimes as a result of legalization (paras 21-22) II. Rebuttal (paras 23-26)A. Negative effect on public health outweighing cost of law enforcement (para 23)B. Faulty analogy between alcohol prohibition and drug prohibition (paras 24-25)C. Three effects of

33、legalization and the consequences(para 16)III. Solution: deglamorization (paras. 27-31)A. A lesson to learn from the anti-smoking campaigh (paras 27-28)B. Moral persuasion and mild repression (paras 29-31)IV. thesis: a large-scale propaganda campaign (para 32)3.2 Writing Devices3.2.1. Satire/Irony:

34、If you cant win the game, change the rules.deliciously convenientDeep thinkers3.2.2. Understatement: sounds too good to be true and probably is.3.2.3. Quotation from authority: para.153.3 Sentence Paraphrase and Understanding1. Now one can hear the warning rumble again: if everyone is allowed to tak

35、e drugs everyone will and we shall end up a race of Zpmbies.(para 4)Now we can hear the loud warnings of thoese who are against legalization. They will say if drugs are legalized, everyone will become addicts, and our nation will become Zombies.2. This Psychological insight is, for some reason, alwa

36、ys denied our governors.Somehow, for some unknown reasons, our leaders never seem to understand this.3. Last year, when the supply of marijuana was slightly reduced by the Feds, the pushers got the kids hooked on heroin and deaths increased dramatically Last year, when the Federal agents got tough w

37、ith drug dealing, and the supply of marijuana were slightly down, young marijuana users shifted to a more harmful drug-heroin. Pushers got them addicted, and the number of people who died of overdose went uo sharply.4.Deep thinkers have long advocated lifting the prohibition on drugs.Notice the sarc

38、astic tone of the author while he refers to legalizers as “deep thinkers”5.Bennet is right to say the nations drug problem is too multifaceted to be destroyed with a “magic bullet”Bennet is right in pointing out that the drug issue is such a complicated problem that there is no quick and easy soluti

39、on.6.with Cocaine and heroin readily available, additional transportation deaths alone would dwarf the current number of drug-related deaths.Some drugs can cause people to lose control of themselves. So users are prone to cause car accidents. Road accidents take the lives of many people in the US. I

40、t is estimated that during the Vietnam War, more Americans were killed on the road in the US than in the battle.7. this is not the image of a person wants to project, and projecting an image is why people start to smoke in the first place.The reason why people started to smoke in the past was to cre

41、ate a glamorous image. Smoking is now seen as a sign of weakness. This is not the image a person wants to create, so smoking has lost its glamour.8. you must cracking down hard on users.Crack down on sb: to stop people from getting invovled in an illegal activity and deal more severely with those wh

42、o are caught doing it.Part Four Language Study1. Simply make all drugs available and sell them at cost. at cost: (at cost price) e.g: Toms uncle is a car dealer and let him buy the car at cost. c.f: The enemy finally took the city, but at a heavy cost. I dont think you should work so hard at the cos

43、t of your youth.We were instructed that mans life be saved at all costs. (at any cost)at cost/ at a cost/at the cost of/ at all costs/at any cost2. addict: n a person who is unable to stop taking drugs, alcohol, tobacco,etc a heroin addict/ a chess addict/a TV addictAddicted adj 通常做表語 be/become addi

44、cted to Gradually, he became addicted to .Addictive adj causing addiction 可做定語和表語Addiction: condition of taking drugs, etc3. kick/break the habit (infml) slang to stop doing sth that has been a habit for a long time, esp. a bad or dangerous habit The center provides help for addicts who have kicked

45、their habit and want to stay away from drugs.4. For the record, I have tried every drug and liked none, disproving the popular theory that a whiff of opium will enslave the mind.For the record: to declare openly and officially.鄭重說明Just for the record, I didnt vote for him.For the record Id just like

46、 to say that I totally disagree with this decision.disprove/approve/approvalA whiff of: a small amount of; a slight sign or feeling of sthA whiff of onion/fear/danger/hypocisyEnslave: to become slaved by, to be controlled by 5. Zombie: (informal) someone who does not seem to know or care about what

47、is happening around them and moves very slowly, esp.because they are very upset or tired6. Along with sb: besides Interfere withIn pusuit of: pursue End up: finally become In advance7. Forbidding people things they like or think they mightall the more. This psychological insight, for some mysterious

48、 reason, always denied our governors.All the more: even more than beforeAll the better, all the harderInsight: the ability to perceive sth E.g: As a child, he has showed a keen insight_ peoples character.Deny: refuse or disagree 8. forbid/prohibit/prevent forbid sb to do sth; prohibit/prevent sb fro

49、m doing sth 9. stamp outa. 踩滅（火）b. Please stamp out the butt of the cigarette in case it would cause fire.c. 消除，消滅，鎮(zhèn)壓10. get (sb) hooked on: be addicted to sthAccording to a recent report Children as young as eight years old can get hooked on heroin.Young men can easily get hooked on this kind of mu

50、sic.11. have a vested interest in (doing) sth: 從中獲得既得利益It was difficult to end the system of slavery before the Civil War because slave owners had a vested interest in keeping it. He has a vested interest in Monas leaving the firm. 12. wither away: to die out or disappear gradually As a result of he

51、r drug addiction, her promise of becoming an artist withered away. Older people are complaining that the old values are withering away in the present society. 13.pumpinto to put a large amount of sth into, usu. at a high rate; pump sth into sb 強行向灌輸; 投入資金 （1）一位好的老師絕不能在課堂上向?qū)W生灌輸大量的知識。 A good teacher s

52、hould not pump abundant of ideas into students. （2）很多學(xué)生在考試前極力灌輸一些知識在腦海里。 Many students tried to pump some facts into their minds before the examination. 14. bail out to remove water; （從中）往外舀水 bail out sth: 跳傘，擺脫 ，逃避 bail sb out (of) sth : to help sb out of troubleWe cant expect the government to bai

53、l out all the failing companies. 15. be alone in (doing) sth不是只有我一個人這么認(rèn)為。 I am not alone in thinking so.16. forty-fold: fold 后綴“乘以，或者倍” manifold17. rebuttal: the noun form of rebut, or refute; the action of contradicting. 反駁 A top lawyer is able to prove and give rebuttal in the lawsuit. v: rebut 18

54、. Repeal: n & V an official or legal cancellation 廢除，撤退，撤銷等Cf: repeal/ abolish/ cancel Due to the rainy days, we have to _ the football game. After the civil war, American government_ the system of slavery. The Congress is discussing whether to _ this law.Repeal 為書面用語，用來撤銷立法機(jī)關(guān)所通過的協(xié)議、法案、法律等Abolis

55、h 正式用語，指通過法律或暴力徹底廢除制度等。cancel 的使用范圍最為廣泛，多用來取消會議、計劃比賽等19. miss the boat: fail to get the key to the problem20. symptom: sth showing that you are not healthy; a sign that a larger problem exists The symptom of the childrens HFMD is the appearance of herps and low fever.21. Segment: 部分，區(qū)間，階層等 22. impov

56、erished: very poor; poor in quality impoverished family/areas/land impoverish/ impoverishment 23. minimize: to reduce sth to the lowest level minimum (min); minimal maximize/maximum: to increae sth to the largest level24. catastrophic: adj causing destruction or serious damage; extremely harmful cat

57、astrophic results/ war/ nuclear weapons similar words: disastrous/ ruinous/ devastating25. outweigh: v to become important or greater than sthOn the whole, his accomplishments outweigh his faults.26. permanent: adj lasting or existing for a long timepermanent job; permanent staff 同義詞：everlasting; 反義詞：impermanent, temporary 27. dwarf: v to make sth se