(完整版)醫(yī)學(xué)博士英語(yǔ)作文模板.doc

1、總的原則和規(guī)律一般來(lái)說(shuō)博士的英語(yǔ)作文一般都是給闡述或陳述問(wèn)題的文章寫(xiě)摘要，如“吃早餐有利于身體健康”、“吸煙有害健康”、“中國(guó)大學(xué)生越來(lái)越能接受心理咨詢”、或“醫(yī)療體制的現(xiàn)狀”等等這樣文章，可使用以下的模 版：陳述問(wèn)題型文章，分三種類型： 一、正面陳述問(wèn)題“吃早餐有利于身體健康”就是只從正面陳述問(wèn)題； 二、負(fù)面陳述問(wèn)題如“吸煙有害健康”這樣的文章，就是一般只說(shuō)明吸煙是有害的，只說(shuō)負(fù)面影響。 三、客觀的陳述問(wèn)題(正負(fù)面都有的)如“醫(yī)療體制的現(xiàn)狀”等問(wèn)題，因?yàn)檫@樣的文章有好也有壞的方面，也就是有正面也有負(fù)面的問(wèn)題。又如4年的博士論文，就是對(duì)醫(yī)院?jiǎn)栴}的陳述，文章分別從洋醫(yī)院、民營(yíng)醫(yī)院和公立醫(yī)院幾個(gè)方

2、面來(lái)闡述，分 別說(shuō)明這幾種醫(yī)院各自的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，所以這樣的文章就是典型的客觀陳述事實(shí)的文章。首先看看是什么樣的文章，再確定用什么模版來(lái)套用。(各個(gè)類型我都做一套模版)但是不管是哪個(gè)類型的文章都不外乎這幾個(gè)步驟，切記，不要覺(jué)得無(wú)所謂啊！ ！ ！步驟一、確定一個(gè)好的題目 一般這個(gè)題目可以和中文標(biāo)題的翻譯一樣， 應(yīng)該是陳述性的詞組，用“ of” 、“and”或“N詞短語(yǔ)”詞組加介(1)如文章是陳述的個(gè)事情或問(wèn)題，那就用什么的什么( Sthl of Sth2) 如中國(guó)醫(yī)療體系的現(xiàn)狀：The State of Arts of Chinese Medical Care System或醫(yī)療制度的改革：Ref

3、orm ofChinese Medical Care System (2)講到個(gè)負(fù)面的問(wèn)題，一般都是和健康有關(guān)系的，就可以說(shuō)sthl and Health如吸煙和健康，早餐和健康等等(3)如果本文只講到了一件事情，那么可以用介詞短語(yǔ)A Blind Zone in Child-nutrition,(小孩營(yíng)養(yǎng)問(wèn)題的盲區(qū) )等等注意：1、第一個(gè)詞和所有的實(shí)詞大寫(xiě)，介詞和冠詞( The, a an )等虛詞小寫(xiě)2、最好要是陳述性的詞組，除非原文的標(biāo)題本來(lái)是疑問(wèn)句步驟二、瀏覽全文，把要點(diǎn)在試卷上劃記下來(lái)既然是寫(xiě)文章的總結(jié)(summary),那么首先需要瀏覽全文，我感覺(jué)這些文章都已經(jīng)把條理給整理清楚了，

4、那么基本可以確定大概的幾條，在試卷上把重要的部分用筆劃出來(lái)；還可以把序號(hào)打上，說(shuō)明一共有幾點(diǎn)。注意：1、不用劃記細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)的語(yǔ)句，而用文章中陳述性的語(yǔ)句。一般來(lái)說(shuō)主題句都是陳述性的語(yǔ)句。如講到公費(fèi)醫(yī)療體系的問(wèn)題，你不要去劃記那些中國(guó)的公立醫(yī)院有多少，增長(zhǎng)了多少的句子，而應(yīng)該著重看 陳述性的主題句是怎么說(shuō)的，如果說(shuō)有了大幅度的增長(zhǎng)你就要知道這句話是最重要的句子。(切記：除非本文就是講數(shù)據(jù)，而且目的在于測(cè)試考生們數(shù)據(jù)增長(zhǎng)、減少等句型的話，那么就要用數(shù)據(jù)說(shuō)明問(wèn)題了)步驟三、確定一個(gè)全文的豐題句 這個(gè)問(wèn)題是最重要的，也就是文章講了什么步驟四、確定每個(gè)段落的主題句步驟五、:后有個(gè)小小的總結(jié)文章的框架：文章

5、字?jǐn)?shù)是200,那么大約是11-13句左右的樣子。全文的主句（ 1段落主句（ 2段落主句（ 3段落主句（ 句（1句）。1句）。重復(fù)解主句的句子（1句）。重復(fù)解段落主句的句子（1句）。重復(fù)解段落主句的句子（1句）。重復(fù)解段落主句的句子（1句）。渡句（1句）。1-2 句）。1-2 句）。1-2 句）。注意:段落的分布要根據(jù)文章的要點(diǎn)來(lái)，我假定是三個(gè)要點(diǎn)就分了三個(gè)小段落。和構(gòu)很重要。一、第一段的第一句,用中文出來(lái)一句：某個(gè)生活或生 的告戒或提示的文章一、 正面述也就是全文的主 句（topic sentence of the whole summary ）:本文揭示了 /明了一個(gè)。：This artic

6、le re ve a Is thathas become one of the prominentissues which are closelyrelated with peoples health/of the modern Chinese society/in the area of antibiotics alone.早餐 已成了與人健康息息相關(guān)的突出；或也可以成了社會(huì)；也可以成了某個(gè)域的（抗生素域）。Most people take it for granted that should . However, it is not a Iwa y s the case.很多人都想當(dāng)然地什

7、么途么O然而事并非如此C（幾個(gè)句子要看情況，并不是都有用的，如果文章中出了的句子“很多人都想當(dāng)然得早餐不是那么重要-Most people take it for granted thatbi:ea.kfa.s.tJs. not significant"，但是 上不是 的，那么就可以用到個(gè)句子）Scientists found thatthese problems are actually caused by .irrational diets and eating habits_.（科學(xué)家 些是由什么引起的,如老年人的心血管等，然而 上是因不當(dāng)食 造成的）This isindica

8、ted in a survey recently made in shanghai by who. （ 點(diǎn)由在上海估攵的個(gè) 告中可以得出），也就是如果你篇文章是由生部的告（report ）中得出的，或指出的，那么就可以么寫(xiě)。如果并是的，那么個(gè)句子可以不寫(xiě)。二、第二段Firstly, balanced / regular .is especially good for the health of首先，平衡仕么的 食尤其 什_么好。In addition, should be suggested to, largely because it helps people to此外，什么 多用于干什么，

9、主要是因它幫助人什么。 Furthermore, it is helplul to reduce the possibilities of being in the danger of suftering fromr a rd in vn q r n In r d iq p a q p q再者，它能幫助減少患心血管疾病的危的幾率。Finally, but not the least point is that fot and oily fbod usually attribute to cardiovascular diseases.Therefore, it is better to tak

10、e in light food instead of fat and oily food.最后，但并非最后一點(diǎn)就是油的食物常致心血管疾病, 所以 用油份少的食物而不是分油 的食物。It commonly leads to cardiovascular diseases.It usually attributes to cardiovascular diseases.常常致心血管疾病.三、第三段In genera 1, a balanced diet, more vegetable tbod instead offtit food is of the first significance to

11、the health of the aged and a long life.而言之，一個(gè)平衡的食，多吃蔬菜而少吃油的食物是老人來(lái)是保持健康壽的最重要的因素。In genera 1, a regular habit of work and rest, more high-quality of sleeping instead of staying up late is of the first significance to the health of people and a long life.而言之，一個(gè)律的作息，高量的睡眠而少熬夜是人來(lái)是保持健康壽的最重要的因素。指出在已存在的，并且指

12、出了解決法的文章一、第一段的第一句, 用中文出來(lái)一句：This article re ve a Is threatening people二、面述也就是全文的主句（topic sentence of the whole summary ）:本文揭示了 /明了一個(gè)。：thathas become one of the prominent problems ' s health/ which areof the modem Chinese societv/in the area of antibiotics alone. 如 吸煙 已成了威人健康的一個(gè)突出，又如早餐 等等；同的，如果是有的

13、醫(yī)制度之的，那就可以稱成了 （代）（中國(guó)）社會(huì)的突出；或可以成了某個(gè)域的。Most people take it for granted that should . Howe ver, it is not a Iwa y s the case.很多人都想當(dāng)然地什么途& O然而事并非如此C（幾個(gè)句子要看情況，并不是都有用的，如果文章中出了 的句子“很多人都想當(dāng)然 得早餐不是那么重要-Most people take it for granted thatbreakfast is not significant"，但是 上不是 的，那么就可以用到個(gè)句子）Scientists fo

14、und thatthese problems are actually caused by.This is indicated in a survey recently made inshanghai Kv who.（點(diǎn)由在上海做的一個(gè) 告中可以得出），也就是如果你篇文章是由生部的告（report）中得出的，或指出的，那么就可以么寫(xiě)。如果并是的，那么個(gè)句子可以不寫(xiě)。二、第二段（一般是由段落主句 +1-2個(gè)深入解的句子就可，有候句子太，沒(méi)必要解也可以的）What people do not know is that.。The second blind zone concerned with th

15、is issue is thatIn addition/ Additionally /Furthermore, the third misunderslanding is -Finally, the last but notthe least point is（注意些接，些都可以任意使用的如可以先用了 In addition/Additionally后，再后面那點(diǎn)用Furthermore, 或反之也可）。三、第三段 （些 的解決法的套）It is not easy to identity the solutions , for it involves several complicated f

16、actors.（要找至ij角星決的，那么法不容易，因有些復(fù)的因素-也不一定需要個(gè)句子，如果文章中沒(méi)有很的因素就不需要（然而，很To ） Nevertheless, apparently the best way to solve the problem is to provide然最好的解決法就是。）如果是有很多的解決法那么就Nevertheless, apparently the best way tosolve the problem mainly lies on the following three aspects,.再用前面至lj的 接,把文章中到的解決法寫(xiě)上?？头从衬硞€(gè)的文章三、正

17、先將文章一下，再列出幾點(diǎn)后寫(xiě)下來(lái)了：以04年博士作文例子：本文我展示了中國(guó)代醫(yī)院的幾種模式，得人思考和老百姓去掂量。一般而言可以分以下三種:洋醫(yī)院、民醫(yī)院和公家醫(yī)院。而他各有其有缺點(diǎn)。洋醫(yī)院的點(diǎn)在于，然而盡管它有么多點(diǎn)：，有些不容忽的缺點(diǎn)：民醫(yī)院盡管有些缺點(diǎn)：，但是有其點(diǎn)：公家醫(yī)院是我常常 的，因它有些點(diǎn)，但是已受到了威，因本身存在著些弊病:。如何 好醫(yī)院于老百姓來(lái)是個(gè)關(guān)的。其你 其他的似的文章都可以么寫(xiě)的。那么要注意的就是句型的使用。有些套可以學(xué)。一、第一段本文我展示了中國(guó)代醫(yī)院的幾種模式，得人思考和老百姓去掂量。This article re ve a Is that it has bec

18、ome a hot phenomenon currently that more and more peopleare concerned about how to select a proper hospital.或者也可以 This article re veals that there are several mode Is/types of Chinese modern hospitals which deserve people to distinguish and select properly.There are mainly three types of modem hospi

19、tals in China, tbreiqn hospitals, peoplerun hospitals aad public hospitals, which have their own advantages and disadvantages respective ly.二、第二段Overall speaking, its advantages overwhelm its disadvantages.的來(lái)，它的點(diǎn)比缺點(diǎn)突出。The biggest advantage lies on 最大的點(diǎn)在于什么方面。Despite its advantages, it still has its

20、shortcoming, that is,盡管有些點(diǎn)，但是仍然有它的缺點(diǎn)，在于什么方面。Furthermore/in addition/ Additionally, it also has除此之外，它有什么點(diǎn)COn the other hand, it而另外一方面，它卻。Identically, it has the same problem is that 同的是，它也有同的是。OOCompared with the former one, it has its unique merits which lie on和前者比起來(lái)，它有其獨(dú)特的點(diǎn)就是。o ONevertheless, it ha

21、s unavoidable demerit that然而，它卻有不可避免的缺陷，就是。 O O二南二四可以出一個(gè)性的句子，如果有必要，就是在 何種醫(yī)院的候要三思。*、54 j .In general, a second thought before the final de cis ionof types of hospitals is of the firstsignificance to the health and pursuing better services.I有用的句型one of the prominent issues which are1、This article re v

22、e a Is that has become closely related with peo pie ' s health.2、This article re ve a Is that Chinese society.3、This article re ve a Is that antibiotics alone.has become one of thehas become one of theprominentprominentissues of the modernissues in the area of4、This article re ve a Is thatthreat

23、ening peopleproblems which arehas become one of the prominents health/of the modern Chinese society/in the area of antibiotics alone,5、This article re ve a Is that it has become a hot phenomenon currently that more and more people are concerned about how to select a proper hospital.6、This article re

24、 ve a Is that there are several mode Is/types of Chinese modern hospitals which deserve people to distinguish and select properly.7、There are mainly three types of modern hospitals in China, tbreign hospitals, people hospitals and public hospitals, which have their own advantages and disadvantages r

25、espectively.8、 Most people take it for granted that should . However, it is not a Iwa y s the case.9、Most people take it for granted that breakfast is not significant.10、 This is indicated in a survey recently made in shanghai by j11、Scientists found that these problems are actually caused by _irrat

26、ional diets and eatinghabits .12、 What people do not know is that 13、 The second blind zone concerned with this issue is that14、 In addition / Additionally /Furthermore, the third misunderstanding is15、 Finally, but not the least point is16、 It is not easy to identify the solutions , for it involves

27、 several complicated factors.17、Nevertheless, apparently the best way to solve the problem is to provide18、Nevertheless, apparently the best way to solve the problem mainly lies on the following three aspects.19、 Firstly, balanced /regular. is especially good for the health of 首先，平衡什么的 食尤其什么好。In add

28、ition, should be suggested to,largely because it helps people to此外，什么 多用于干什么，主要是因它幫助人什么。 Furthermore, it is helptul to reduce the possibilities of being in the danger of suftcring from caidiovascular diseases. 再者，它能幫助減少患心血管疾病的危的幾率。Finally, but not the least point is that fet and oily fbod usually attribule to cardiovascular diseases.Therefore, it is better to take in light food instead of fat and oily food.最后，但并非最后一點(diǎn)就是油的食物常致心而管疾病.的食： 所以 用油份少的食物而不是分油 物。It commonly leads to cardiovascular disease