主謂一致課件及練習(xí)

1、Subject-Verb Subject-Verb AgreementAgreement主謂一致專題講解主謂一致專題講解1.The boy _ diving.(be)2.They _ diving.3.Both Jack and Tim _ diving.5.All of them _ diving.4.Neither Jack nor Tim _ walking.isareareisare 主謂一致是指句子的_與_在_和_上必須保持一致 主謂一致的三個(gè)原則主謂一致的三個(gè)原則: 1. 語(yǔ)法一致 2. 意義一致 3. 就近原則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)人稱人稱數(shù)數(shù) 一、一、語(yǔ)法一致的原語(yǔ)法一致的原

2、則則即主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，謂即主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，謂 語(yǔ)為單數(shù)；主語(yǔ)若為語(yǔ)為單數(shù)；主語(yǔ)若為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)亦為復(fù)數(shù)。復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)亦為復(fù)數(shù)。 Marys1.Mary _ a dog.（have）hasToms2.Mary and Tom _ a dog.have謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞要與主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞要與主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)一致。一致。1、A young man and a girl want to go there. 2、The singer and the writer are famous to many young people. Both Jack and Tim _ diving.are歸納歸納1 1：由：由and

3、and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂動(dòng)一般用復(fù)數(shù)。詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂動(dòng)一般用復(fù)數(shù)。歸納歸納2 ： 由由 and 連接的并列主語(yǔ)，連接的并列主語(yǔ)，如果主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人，同一事，如果主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人，同一事，同一概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，同一概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，否則用復(fù)數(shù)否則用復(fù)數(shù)這時(shí)后面的名詞沒有冠詞這時(shí)后面的名詞沒有冠詞。 arehas歸納歸納3) ：用用and 連接的成對(duì)名詞習(xí)慣上連接的成對(duì)名詞習(xí)慣上被看成是一個(gè)整體被看成是一個(gè)整體, 如如: bread and butter, knife and fork 等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)(由兩個(gè)部件配由兩個(gè)部件配成的物品成的物品), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

4、詞用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù). 如如:The singer and dancer _ on the stage.isThe gift is used to have western meals.What is it?A knife and fork is used to have meals. 二、二、意義一致的原則意義一致的原則指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的概念，單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的概念，而不取決于表面的語(yǔ)法標(biāo)志，主要而不取決于表面的語(yǔ)法標(biāo)志，主要表現(xiàn)為某些集體名詞后可跟動(dòng)詞單表現(xiàn)為某些集體名詞后可跟動(dòng)詞單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。如果這些集體名詞指整數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。如果這些集體名詞指整體概念時(shí)，

5、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；指具體概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；指具體成員時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)。體成員時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)。 1.Each man and woman _ the same rights. A. has B. have C. had D. is having 歸納歸納4：由由each, every, no, many a(許多許多)所修飾的名詞，即使用所修飾的名詞，即使用 and連接作主語(yǔ)，謂連接作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。Many a ,more than one修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)。翻譯為數(shù)。翻譯為 許多許多 Many a man _the s

6、tory. hasbelieves1.The group _ made up of nine students.2.The group_ dancing happily.is isareare 由集體名詞，如由集體名詞，如group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, company, audience, club, party, crew等作等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)主語(yǔ)時(shí), ,如果看成一個(gè)整體如果看成一個(gè)整體( (強(qiáng)調(diào)整體），謂強(qiáng)調(diào)整體），謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式, ,如果看成其中各成員，（強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體）則用復(fù)如果看成其中各

7、成員，（強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體）則用復(fù)數(shù)形式數(shù)形式. . 注意：集體名詞為 people, police, cattle，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式e.g. The police are searching for the thief. 歸納5：集體名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致The team The team _ some good players. (have) some good players. (have)The team _ handsome. (be)The team _ handsome. (be)hashasareare practice:1 1.The research group (is, are)

8、 made up of five people. 2.What (do, does) the group want for their lunch?3.Our family (is, are) not poor any more.4.He has to worry. His family (is, are) waiting for him.5.The class (is, are) more than forty in number.isdoisareisneither ofnone ofn. (U) n.(C)neither + n.(singl.) V. singl. plural. V.

9、(singl.)V.(singl.)歸納歸納6：代詞none和neither有時(shí)用作單數(shù)看待,有時(shí)作復(fù)數(shù)看待,主要根據(jù)說(shuō)話人的意思決定.但是代表不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),只看作單數(shù);neither作形容詞時(shí)與單數(shù)名詞連用,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).3.Neither of us _ (was/were) ready when the party began.4. None of them _ (has/have) watched the talk show.have/haswas/were 1.None of these people _ doctors. A. has B. is C. are D. was 2.

10、Neither of them _ a good singer. A. are B. is C. were D. is used to beCBpractice3Bob 1.Bob _ a worker.isMike 2.Mike and Bob _ workers.are3.Both Mike and Bob _ workers.are4.Neither Mike nor Bob _ a teacher.isBill 5.Neither of them _ (know) how to teach English. knows/know6.None of them _ (know) how t

11、o teach English. knows/know3、用作主語(yǔ)的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞由用作主語(yǔ)的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞由or, either or, neither nor, both and或或not only but also連接連接 三、三、就近原則就近原則是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于離它最近的詞語(yǔ)，而無(wú)須考慮其他的詞 A or B Not A but B Either A or B Neither A nor B Not only A but also B Verb Here There+Verb A and B A , B and C歸納歸納7：就近原則：就近原則 由由there或或here引導(dǎo)的

12、句子引導(dǎo)的句子,主語(yǔ)不止一個(gè)名詞時(shí)主語(yǔ)不止一個(gè)名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常與鄰近的名詞或代詞保持一致常與鄰近的名詞或代詞保持一致.Not only you but also he _ wrong. (is/are)Neither you nor he _ right. (is/are)There _ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are)Here _ a map and a handbook for you. (is/are)isisareis_practice4Mr. Black , as well as tw

13、o women, _ at the office.isMr. Black 歸納歸納8：with, together with,（和（和一起）一起） along with,（同（同一道）一道）as well as,（既（既又又）as much as,（和（和一樣多）一樣多） no less than, （和）一樣；多達(dá)rather than, （寧愿）（寧愿）but,except, besides, including, like, in addition to（另外）（另外）6.名詞化的形容詞作主語(yǔ)e.g. The rich are to help the poor.The wounded w

14、as a young boy. 歸納歸納9 9：以定冠詞the + adj.（或過(guò)去分詞）結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如the brave, the poor, the blind, the sick, the old等，但有少數(shù)過(guò)去分詞與定冠詞連用時(shí)指?jìng)€(gè)體，用單數(shù)形式。 歸納歸納10： 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)由不定式、動(dòng)名詞或疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)由不定式、動(dòng)名詞或疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的句子充當(dāng)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。引導(dǎo)的句子充當(dāng)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。1).To hold the Olympic Games_ a rich prize for a country. (be) 2). Choosing what to eat

15、_ no longer as easy as it once was.isis What we need _ more time . What we need _ teachers.(由由what, who, why, how, whether等引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)等引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ) 從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)，但所指的具體內(nèi)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)，但所指的具體內(nèi) 容為復(fù)數(shù)意義，則可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式容為復(fù)數(shù)意義，則可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式.)3)isarepractice5 is1.A million dollars _(is/are) really a lot of money.2.Sixty years a long

16、time.3.Three thousand miles a long distance.4.Fifty kilogrammes not too heavy to be carried.isisis歸納歸納11：表示時(shí)間、金錢、距離、重量等復(fù)數(shù)名詞，：表示時(shí)間、金錢、距離、重量等復(fù)數(shù)名詞，在表示單位數(shù)量用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常被看作整體，謂在表示單位數(shù)量用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常被看作整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。歸納歸納12：名詞如名詞如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses compasses等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)

17、.但但這類表示成雙的東西的名詞前有這類表示成雙的東西的名詞前有a pair of修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。如如:歸納歸納13. 形復(fù)意單名詞如形復(fù)意單名詞如: news; 以以ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱如結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱如: physics, mathematics; 國(guó)名如國(guó)名如: the United States; 報(bào)紙名如報(bào)紙名如: the New Times; 書名如書名如: Arabian Nights等作主語(yǔ)等作主語(yǔ); 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù). 如如:歸納14：百分?jǐn)?shù)，分?jǐn)?shù)加名詞作主語(yǔ)事謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和所修飾名詞保持一致1.70%of the earth is cove

18、red with water.2.Three thirds of the students who attended the activity were boys.1. The teacher with two students _ at the meeting . (was / were)2009NMET2.E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.2008NMETA. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play wasA三、

19、典題辨析，變式拓展三、典題辨析，變式拓展 1 （10四川） Such poets as Shakespeare widely read，of whose works，however， some difficult to understand Aare；are Bis；is Care；is Dis：areA2. （10湖南） Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. have C3. （10全國(guó)全國(guó)） Barbara is easy

20、to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _evening dress. A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have wornB1One or two days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe2Neither my wife nor I _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais Bare Cam DbeExercises:3Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another Ais Bare Cam Dbe4Not the teacher，but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam Dbe5Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been6A woman with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Cha