初中英語課本全程知識點總結

1、初中英語課本全程知識點總結初一年級(上)【知識梳理】I.重點短語1. Sit down2. on duty3. in English4. have a seat5. at home6. look like7. look at8. have a look9. come on10. at work11. at school9. Here you are. This way, please.10. Who ' s on duty today?11. Let ' s do.12. Let me see.IV.重要語法1 .動詞be的用法；2 .人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；3 .名詞的單復

2、數(shù)和所有格的用法；4 .冠詞的基本用法；5 . There be句型的用法。【名師講解】1. in/on在表示空間位置時，in表示在某個空間的范圍 以內，on表示在某一個物體的表面之上。例如：There is a bird in the tree. 樹上有只鳥。There is a picture on the wall. 墻上有張圖。12. put on13. look after14. get up15. go shoppingII.重要句型1. help sb. do sth.2. What about3. Let s do sth.4. It ' s time to do st

3、h.5. It ' s time for 6. What ' s？ It is / It ' s7. Where is ? It s.8. How old are you? I ' m .9. What class are you in? I' m in .10. Welcome to11. What ' s plus ? It ' s-.12. I think 13. Who ' s this? This is .14. What can you see? I can see15. There is (are)16. What

4、colour is it (are they)? Its (They17. Whose is this? It ' s.18. What time is it? It' s- -.III.交際用語1. Good morning, Miss/Mr .2. Hello! Hi!3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.4. How are you? I ' m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?5. See you. See you later.6. Thank you! You ' re w

5、elcome.2. this/that/these/those(1)this常常用來指在時間、地點上更接近講話人的 人和事，these是this的復數(shù)形式。that常常用 來指在時間、地點上離講話人更遠一點的人和事，those時that的復數(shù)形式。例如：You look in this box and I' ll look in that one overthere.你看看這個盒子，我去看那邊的那個盒子。I want this car, not that car. 我想要這輛小汽車， 不是那一輛。Take these books to his room, please. 請把這些書 拿

6、到他房間去。This is mine; that ' syours我的，那個是你 的。These are apples; those are oranges.這些是蘋果， 那些是橘子。(2)在打電話的用語中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是對方。例如：This is Mary speaking. Who'我增班麗。你是誰？3. There be/ havere)There be "有"，其確切含意為"某處或某時存在 某人或某物。"其結構是：There be +某人或某物 +表示地點或時間的狀語。There be后面的名詞實際上是主

7、語，be動詞的形式要和主語在數(shù)上保持一致，be動詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時用is,名詞是復數(shù)時用are。例如：(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可樂。(2) There is a doll in the box.那個盒子里有個娃娃。7. Goodbye! Bye!8. What ' s your name? My name is(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那樹上有許 多蘋果?？傊琓here be結構強調的是一種客觀存在的"有"。hav

8、e表示"擁有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某 物(sb. have / has sth.)。主語一般是名詞或代詞，與主 語是所屬關系。例如：(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有兩個兄 弟，一個姐姐。(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四個房 間。4. look/ see/ watch(1)100k表示 看、瞧”，著重指認真看，強調看的動作，表示有意識地注意看，但不一定看到， 以提醒對方注意。，如：Look! The children are playing computer games.瞧！孩子們在

9、玩電腦游戲。Look! What ' s that over there? !那邊那個是 什么？單獨使用是不及物動詞，如強調看某人/物，其后接介詞at,才能帶賓語，如：He' s looking at me 他正在看著我。(2)see強調 看”的結果，著重的是100k這個動作 的結果，意思是 看到"，see是及物動詞，后面能直 接跟賓語。如：What can you see in the picture? 你能在圖上看 到什么？Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板！你看到了什么？(3)watch觀看，注視

10、”，側重于場面，表示全神 貫注地觀看、觀察或注視某事務的活動，強調過程， 常用于看電視、看足球、看演出 ”等。如：Yesterday we watched a football match on TV. 昨天我們從電視上看了一場足球比賽。5. put on/ / input on意為 穿上，戴上”。主要指 穿上”這一動 彳K后面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞。in是介詞，表示 穿著"強調狀態(tài)。在句中可以 做定語、標語和狀語。如：It ' s cold outside, put on your coat. 卜面冷，穿上你 的外衣。He puts on his hat and goes

11、out. 他戴上帽子，走 了出去。The woman in a white blouse is John穿 s m白色襯衣的那個婦女是John的媽媽。6. house/ home/familyhouse : 房子”，指居住的建筑物；Home:'家”，指一個人同家人共同經(jīng)常居住的地方；Family: 家庭:家庭成員例如：Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午請到我家來。He is not at home.他不在家。My family all get up early.我們全家都起得很早。7. fine, nice, good, well四

12、者都可用作形容詞表示"女？”之意，但前三者既 可作表語又可作定語，而后者僅用作表語。主要區(qū) 別在于：(1) fine指物時表示的是質量上的"精細"，形容 人時表示的是“身體健康"，也可以用來指“天氣晴朗"。例如：Your parents are very fine.你父母身體很健康。That's a fine machine.那是一臺很好的機器。It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的 好時候。(2)nice主要側重于人或物的外表，有 "美好"，" 漂亮”的意

13、思，也可用于問候或贊揚別人。例 如：Lucy looks nice.露西看上去很漂亮。These coats are very nice.那些裙子彳艮好看。Nice to meet you.見到你很高興。It's very nice of you. 你真好。(3)good形容人時指"品德好"，形容物時指"質量 好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用語。例如：Her son is a good student.她兒子是一個好學 生。The red car is very good. 那輛紅色小汽車很 好。(4)well只可用來形容人的"身體

14、好"，但不能作 定語，它也能用作副詞作狀語，多放在所修 飾的動詞之后。例如：I'm very well, thanks.我身體很好，謝謝。My friends sing well.我的朋友們歌唱得好。峰產(chǎn)點掃描】中考考點在本單元主要集中在：1 .動詞be的用法；2 .人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；3 .名詞的單復數(shù)和所有格的用法；4 .冠詞的基本用法；5 . There be句型的用法。6 .本單元學過的詞匯、短語和句型；7 .本單元學過的日常交際用語。考試形式可以是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空、完 成句子?！局锌挤独?. （2004年北京市中考試題）Mary, please

15、show your picture.A. my B. mine C. I D. me【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是人稱代詞和物 主代詞的用法。本題中動詞show后面跟雙賓語，空白處應填入人稱代詞的賓格me作賓語。2. （2004年上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題）orange on the desk is for you, Mike.A. A B.An C. / D. The【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是冠詞的基本用 法。因為是特指課桌上的那個橘子，所以用定冠詞 the。3. （2004年哈爾濱市中考試題）-What the number of the girls in your class?-About

16、 twenty.A. is B. am C. are D. be【解析】答案：Ao該題考查的是動詞be的用法和主謂一致。the number作主語，應該是單數(shù)第三 人稱，動詞be變?yōu)閕s。4. （2004年陜西省中考試題）There a football match on TV this evening.A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是 There be句 型和動詞have用法區(qū)別。There be句型本身就表示 在某個地方存在某個人或物”，不能和動詞have混 在一起用?！緷M分演練

17、】一.單項填空1. -What colour is the bike?-It ' s orange.A. an B. a C. / D. the2. That isn ' t her bag. It ' s.A. my B. I C. mine D. me3. -Oh, your kite is very nice.A. That ' s right B. No, it ' s not nicC . Yes, it isD. Thank you4. The woman is sixty, but she young.A. is B. sees C. lo

18、oks D. watches5. It ' s time lunch. Let ' s go home.A. to B. in C. for D. on6. -is your coat?-The black one.A. What B. Where C. Which D. How7. -is the toy?-It' s on the bed.A. Who B. Where C. What D. Whose8. The shoes are too old. Put over there.A. it B. they C. their D. them9. Excuse me

19、. Can you my watch, please?A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at10. Look the blackboard and listen the teacher.A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after11. -Whose dress is this?It，s.A. Lucy B. Lucy ' s C. Jim D. Jim ' s12. The girl the purple coat is his sister.A. at B. in C. on D. w

20、ith13. There is a bird the tree.A. in B. on C. to D. of14. There are many in our school.A. woman teachersB. woman teacherC. women teacherD. women teachers15. -Is there a ball under the desk?A. Yes, it isC. No, there isn16. Theredesk.some booksB. Yes, thereD. No, there isand a pencil on theA. am B. i

21、s C. are17. -Let me help you.A. You re welcomeC. Don ' t worry18.old man isA. The; an19. -WhatB. An; anItD. beB. Thanks very muchD. Yes, thanks English teacher.C. The; the D. A; afive plus six? s eleven.A. am B. is C. are D. /20. -What you see in the picture?-I can see some flowers.A. must B. ca

22、n C. are D. do.完形填空This is a picture of Kats 1. WhacaMawysi2 in the picture? Look 3 it, please. Sam: It ' s a lovely dog! Don ' t lose it!s father, Mary: Yes, thank you.Green. The _5in the red sweater is Mrs. Green.They 6_ young. The baby isKate. The littleboy is Kate's 7,Jim.8the manbeh

23、ind Mrs.Green? Oh, he's9_ brother, Mr.Read. He_10young, too.1. A. familiesB. family C. parentsD. brothers2. A. lookB.doC.seeD.put3. A. atB. afterC.forD. up4. A. onB. ofC.inD. to5. A. manB. girlC.，womenD. woman6. A. areB. isC.look likeD. looking7. A. sisterB. brother C.fatherD. aunt8. A. What'

24、;s B. Where'sC. Who's D. Howis9. A. hisB. herC.ourD. their10. A. looksB. amC. lookD. very三.在B欄中找出A欄英語句子的正確答語(A)(B)1. How are you?A. I am in Row 6.2. Can you spell it, please?B. Fine, thank you.3. How doyou do?C.Yes, b-o-o-k,book.4. What row are you in?D. It is ten.5. What ' s two plus ei

25、ght?E. Nice to meet you,too.6. Nice to meet you.F. I am 14.7. How old are you?G. Wang Ping is.8. Who ' s not here?H. It's here.9. Where is the bag?I. It's a book.10. What is this in English?J. How do you do?四.完成對話:在對話后面的句子中詵出正確的填入空白處The man 4 th e black coat is KateJim: Excuse me, Ann. W

26、hose black dog is this? Is it yours?Ann: Let me have a look.1. I thinkit ' s Sam ' s. My dog is brown.Jim:Sam, look at the dog behind thetree.2?Sam: Sorry, it isn ' t mine. My dog is black and white.I think it looks like Mary' s.Jim: 3?Sam: She' s my friend. Look! She' s over

27、 there.Let ' s go and ask her.Jim: 4.Sam: Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours?A. Who s Mary B. OK, let ' s go C. Oh, no it ' s not mine D. Oh, yes. It ' s mine E. Is it yours五.用所給單詞的適當形式填空1 .(He) pen is in(I) pencil-box.2 .(You) shoes(be) under the bed. 3.(Who) new ruler is this?4. -Are thes

28、e trousers(you)?-No, they aren ' t(we) 5. It ' s time(go) and play games. 6. This is my pen. Please give it to(I). 7. I have two(baby).8. Look! That is a(China) car.9. It is(my teacher) sweater.10. Now her( parent) are in America.六.閱讀理解(A)Bob was born in a big and rich family. His father is

29、a university professor. He teaches American history. His mother is a very capable woman. She is the manager of a big company. She earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two sisters and a brother. His elder sister, Jenny, is fourteen. She studies in a middle school. His younger sister, Ann, is ten.

30、 She studies in a private primary school. She has a very good memory. She is clever. His younger brother, Dick, is only six. He has just started going to school. Bob gets on well with his family. He is on good terms not only with his parents, but also with his sisters and brother. (have a friendly r

31、elationship with sb.) He is, in a word, an apple in their eyes.根據(jù)短文的內容，判斷下列句子的正誤：正確地答 “A；錯誤的答“B：1. Bob was born in a small and rich family.2. He has two brothers and a sister.3. There are five people in his family.4. Dick is only six. He studies in a private primary school.5. “He is an apple in thei

32、r eyes " means “They love him very much ".(B)Look at the clothes line in the twins' bedroom.There are some clothes on it. You can see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The trousers on the clothes line are black. They are not new but clean. Are they Lily's clothes? No. I know they

33、are Lucy's. Lily's clothes are on a clothes tree near the window. Her trousers are brown, her blouse is white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an old hat on Lucy's bed in the room, it's Lily'

34、s. There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed is Lily's.1. What can you see in the bedroom? I can seeA. a clothes line B. a tree C. a bed2. What colour are Lucy's trousers? They areA. green B. black C. brown3. Where is Lucy's hat? It's on.A. the clothes tree B. the clothes line C

35、. lily's bed 4. How many beds are there in the room?.A. only one B. three C. two5. Are there any things on Lily's bed?.A. Yes, there is a hat on itB. No, there is not anything on itC. Sorry, I don't know(C)It's a fine Sunday morning. Ann and her mother are in a big bus. There are man

36、y people in it. Some of them come from America, and some come from England and Canada. They are all their friends. They are going to the Great Wall.There are two Chinese in the bus. One is woman. She is driving the bus. The other is a young man. He speaks good English. He is now talking about the Gr

37、eat Wall. The other people are all listening to him. They like the Great Wall. They want to see it very much.1. Ann and mother are going to the Great WallA. by bike B. by car C. by plane D. by bus2. There are.A. only one Chinese in the bus B. only twoChinese in the busC. only two Chinese on the bike

38、 D. only one Chinese in the car3. The driver is.A. a man B. a woman C. a Canadian D. an American4. The people.A. are singing B. are talking C. are listening D. are looking at the wall5. They.A. can see the Great WallB. canspeak English very well.C. want to talk with the man very much D. want to see

39、the Great Wall very much初一年級(下)【知識梳理】I.重點短語1. a bottle of2. a little3. a lot (of)4. all day5. be from6. be over7. come back8. come from9. do one h om ework10. do the shopping11. get down12. get home13. get to14. get up15. go shopping16. have a drink of17. have a look18. have breakfast19. have lunch2

40、0. have supper21. listen to22. not at all23. put away24. take off25. throw it like that26. would like27. in the middle of the day28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening29. on a farm30. in a factoryII.重要句型1. Let sb. do sth.2. Could sb. do sth.?3. would like sth.4. would like to do sth.5. What about s

41、omething to eat?6. How do you spell ？7. May I borrow ?III.交際用語1. Thanks very much! You're welcome.2. Put it/them away.3. What's wrong?4. I think so.I don't think so.5. I want to take some books to the classroom.6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.Please give it / them back tomorr

42、ow. OK.9. What's your favourite sport?10. Don't worry.1.1 I ' m (not) good at basketball.12. Do you want a go?13. That's right./ That' s all right./ All right.14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?Yes, I do. / No, I don' t.15. We / They have some CDs.We / They don &

43、#39; t have any CDs.16. -What day is it today / tomorrow?-It ' s Monday.17. -May I borrow your colour pens, please?-Certainly. Here you are.18. -Where are you from?-From Beijing.19. What's your telephone number in New York?20. -Do you like hot dogs?-Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very muc

44、h.)-No, I don't. ( I don't like them at all.)21. -What does your mother like?-She likes dumplings and vegetables very much.22. -When do you go to school every day?-I go to school at 7:00 every day.23. -What time does he go to bed in the evening?-He goes to bed at 10:00.IV.重要語法1 .人稱代詞的用法；2 .祈

45、使句；3 .現(xiàn)在進行時的構成和用法；4 .動詞have的用法；5 . 一般現(xiàn)在時構成和用法；6 .可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的構成和用法【名師講解】1. That's right./ That igha/lAll right.That ' right意為 對的”，表示贊同對方的意見、 看法或行為，肯定對方的答案或判斷。例如："I think we must help the old man.""我想我們應該幫助這位老人。""That's right."或"You're right."&qu

46、ot;說得對"。That' all right.意為 不用謝"、沒關系”，用 來回答對方的致謝或道歉。例如："Many thanks." "That's all right.""Sorry. It's broken." "That's all right."All right.意為行了“、可以“，表示同意對方的建 議或要求。有時還可以表示身體很好”"Please tell me about it.""請把此事告訴我。"&qu

47、ot;All right.""好吧。"Is your mother all right?你媽身體好嗎2. make/do這兩個詞都可以解釋為做”，但含義卻不同，不能混用。make指做東西或制東西，do指做一件具體 的事。Can you make a paper boat for me? 你能為我做個紙船嗎？He' s doing his homework now他正在做他的作業(yè)。3. say/speak/talk/tellsay：是最口語化的最普通的一個詞，意為 說出“、說道"，著重所說的話。如：“I want to go there by bu

48、s ” 他he sa就要坐 汽車到那里去?！盤lease say it in English .請用英語說。speak :說話”，著重開口發(fā)聲，不著重所說的內容，一般用作不及物動詞（即后面不能直接接 賓語）。如：Can you speak about him?你能不能說說他的情I don ' t like to speak like thi球不喜歡這樣說話。speak作及物動詞解時，只能和某種語言等連 用，表達在對話中恰當使用詞匯的能力。如：She speaks English well.她英語說得好。talk :與speak意義相近，也著重說話的動 作，而不著重所說的話，因此，一般也

49、只用作不 及物動詞，不過，talk暗示話是對某人說的，有較強的對話意味，著重指連續(xù)地和別人談話。如：I would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他談那 件事。Old women like to talk with children.老年婦女喜歡 和孩子們交談。tell :告'訴"，除較少情況外，一般后面總接雙 賓語。如：He' s telling me a story他在給我講故事。tell a lie 撒謊tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth.Miss Zhao often t

50、ells us to study hard.4. do cooking/ do the cookingdo cooking 作 做飯”解，屬泛指。do the cooking 特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯。cooking為動名詞，不能用作復數(shù)，但前面可用 some, much修飾。從do some cooking可引出許多類似的短語：do some washing 洗些衣服do some shopping 買些東西do some reading 讀書do some writing 寫些東西do some fishing 釣魚從以上短語可引申出另一類短語，不能用some,much或定冠詞。go s

51、hopping去買東西go fishing 去釣魚go boating去劃船go swimming 去游泳5. like doing sth./ like to do sth.like doing sth.與 like to do sth.意思相同，但用 法有區(qū)別。前者強調一般性的愛好或者表示動作的習 慣性和經(jīng)常性；后來表示一次性和偶然性的動作。例如：He likes playing football, bu t he doesn ' t like to play football with Li Ming.他喜歡踢足球，但是他不喜歡和李明踢。6. other/ others/ the

52、 other/ anotherother表其余的，別的，Have you any other questions?你還有其他問題嗎 ？ others別的人，別的東西In the room some people are American, the others are French.在屋子里一些人是美國人淇他的是法國人。the other 表另一個(二者之中)one ，the otherOne of my two brothers studies English, the other studies Chinese.我兩個哥哥中的一個學習英文，另一個學中文。another表三者以上的另一個，另

53、一些There is room for another few books on the shelf. 書 架上還可以放點書。7. in the tree/ on the treein the tree與 on the tree.譯成中文均為"在樹上 "但英語中有區(qū)別。in the tree表示某人、某事(不屬 于樹本身生長出的別的東西) 落在樹上，表示樹的枝、 葉、花、果等長在樹上時，要使用 on the tree.如：There are some apples on the tree.那棵樹上有些蘋 果。There is a bird in the tree.那棵樹上有

54、只鳥。8. some/ any(1) some和any既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但有以下兩點需要在思。some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑 問句中。如：There is some water in the glass.Is there any water in the glass?There isn't any water in the glass.(2)在說話者希望得到肯定答復的一般疑問句中，或在表示請求，邀請的疑問句中，我們依然用soma 如：Would you like some tea?9. tall/ high(1)說人，動物，樹木等有生命的東西，主要用

55、tall, 不用hi gh,例如a tall woman 一個高個子婦女a(chǎn) tall horse 一個高大的馬(2)說一個不與地面接觸的人和物的高時，要用high,而不用tall,比如人站在桌子上時，飛機飛上天時，例如：He is high up in the tree.他高高地爬在樹上。The plane is so high in the sky. 飛機在空中這么 高。(3)指建筑物、山時要tall或high都可以，不過high 的程度比tall高。(4) high可作副詞，tall不能。(5)tall的反義詞為short, high的反義詞為low.10. can/ could（1） c

56、an表示體力和腦力方面的能力，或根據(jù)客觀 條件能做某種動作的”能力"。例如：Can you ride a bike ? 你會騎自行車嗎？ What can I do for you ? 要幫忙嗎？ Can you make a cake?你會做蛋糕嗎？（2） can用在否定句和疑問句中時有時表示說話 人的"懷疑""猜測"或不肯定。例如：Where can he be?他會在什么地方呢？Can the news be true?這個消息會是真的嗎？It surely can't be six o'clock already ? 不

57、可能已 經(jīng)六點鐘了吧？You can't be hungry so soon , Tom , you've just had lunch.湯姆，你不可能餓得這么快，你剛吃 過午飯。What can he mean?他會是什么意思？在日常會話中，can可代替may表示"允許"， may比較正式。例如：You can come in any time.你隨時都可以來。-Can I use your pen ?我能用你的鋼筆嗎？-Of course , you can.當然可以。You can have my seat, I'm going now.我要走了, 你坐我的座位吧。 couldcould是can的過去式，表示過去有過的能力和可能 性（在否定和疑問句中）。例如：The doctor said he could help him.（能力）醫(yī)生說 他能幫助他。Lily cou