英語：閱讀理解主旨?xì)w納解題技巧

1、2021/3/91Welcome to our class!2021/3/92做好閱讀理解，我做好閱讀理解，我們要具備哪些能力？們要具備哪些能力？2021/3/931、細(xì)節(jié)理解題、細(xì)節(jié)理解題2、詞義猜測題、詞義猜測題3、推理判斷題、推理判斷題4、主旨?xì)w納題、主旨?xì)w納題作者意圖、態(tài)度題作者意圖、態(tài)度題文章結(jié)構(gòu)題文章結(jié)構(gòu)題閱讀理解考察題型：閱讀理解考察題型：2021/3/94主旨?xì)w納題主旨?xì)w納題2021/3/95Question forms: 1. The main topic/subject of the passage is _.2. What is mainly discussed in t

2、he text/* paragraph？3. What is the main idea of the passage？4. The purpose of this passage is _.5. The passage mainly focused on _.6. What would be the best title/topic/headline of the text？2021/3/96主題句定位法主題句定位法一個段落或一篇文章一般主題只能有一個，其一個段落或一篇文章一般主題只能有一個，其他的內(nèi)容都起說明、論證作用。段落中其它的他的內(nèi)容都起說明、論證作用。段落中其它的句子或文章的其它段

3、落是用來句子或文章的其它段落是用來解釋、支撐或發(fā)解釋、支撐或發(fā)展展主題句所表述的主題思想。主題句所表述的主題思想。2021/3/97其他解題技巧其他解題技巧 1. 正向法：速讀文章，找主題句或自己概正向法：速讀文章，找主題句或自己概括主題，從選項中找出最符合的。括主題，從選項中找出最符合的。 2.逆向法：假設(shè)題目中的選項為標(biāo)題，其寫逆向法：假設(shè)題目中的選項為標(biāo)題，其寫法是否與所給文章一致。法是否與所給文章一致。 3.統(tǒng)計法：有些段落文章有多個句子段落，統(tǒng)計法：有些段落文章有多個句子段落，各句段主題可能完全不同，此時應(yīng)選擇涉各句段主題可能完全不同，此時應(yīng)選擇涉及最多的選項。及最多的選項。2021

4、/3/98干擾項的陷阱 1.以偏概全，干擾項故意片面地理解文章，以偏概全，干擾項故意片面地理解文章，把文章中出現(xiàn)過的某一個觀點當(dāng)成整篇文章把文章中出現(xiàn)過的某一個觀點當(dāng)成整篇文章的主題。的主題。 2. 放大或縮小文章的主題，把文章的主題放大或縮小文章的主題，把文章的主題進行放大或者縮小。進行放大或者縮小。 3. 偷換概念，文章講的主題被換成相關(guān)但偷換概念，文章講的主題被換成相關(guān)但不同的主題。不同的主題。2021/3/99Lets practiceHow to get the main idea of a paragrapha paragraph?2021/3/9101 Smoking cigar

5、ettes is harmful to your Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smokers cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigare

6、tte smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it? （1.5分鐘） Smoking can cause cancer. Smoking is a terrible killer Smoking is harmful to our health. A. An experiment on smoking. Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.P

7、ractice：2021/3/9112 Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearanc

8、e. （1分鐘）分鐘）What is the main idea of the passage? A professional criminal looks more innocent than others. A. Dont judge others by appearance. So, it is foolish totry to judge a person only by his appearance2021/3/912 3 If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would c

9、ertainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only 79. Two days sale. Hu- -rry.” However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs 395. Th

10、is sales method is called “bait and switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. (2.5分分鐘鐘) The paragraph could be entitled _. A. Buying A TV Set B. A Selling Method C. Buyer Beware D. TV On Sale This sales method is called “bait and

11、 switch”.(detail)(detail)(detail)誘售法誘售法2021/3/913 4 A couple of years ago I took the family on a winter vacation to New York city to experience the holiday atmosphere. The longest lines that week werent in the hall of the empire state building, at the Statue of Liberty ferry or any of New Yorks othe

12、r landmarks, but in the square at Fifth avenue and 58 Street, where the crowd to get into FAO Schwarz (a toy store )snaked around the block. The author wants to tell us _ in this Para. A. the distribution of people. B. the poor traffic conditions. C. the popularity of a toy store D. the nice holiday

13、 atmosphere. 2021/3/914How to get the main idea of a passagea passage?2021/3/9155 Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain w

14、ith five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and dise

15、ases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain

16、on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball. （4分鐘）分鐘） Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage? A. Magellans death B. Going Around The World C. The World I

17、s Round D. Magellans Voyage2021/3/916 Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.Magellans voyage was the first trip around the world .2021/3/917 Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1

18、519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died

19、 of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they

20、 returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.The process of Magellans long difficult voyage2021/3/918 Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball. Magellans voyage proved the earth is round.2021/3/919 Magellans m

21、en were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific

22、Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine

23、Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Goed Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. Magellans voyage proved that men c

24、ould sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.Paragraph 1: Magellans voyage was the first trip around the world .Paragraph 2: The process of Magellans long difficult voyageParagraph 3: Magellans voyaged proved the earth is round.Magellans voyage2021/3/9206 Magellans men were the f

25、irst to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and the