萬頭優(yōu)質(zhì)肉牛生態(tài)養(yǎng)殖屠宰示范園項(xiàng)目可研

1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。萬頭優(yōu)質(zhì)肉牛生態(tài)養(yǎng)殖屠宰示范園項(xiàng)目可研可行性研究報(bào)告編制單位目 錄第一章 總論11.1項(xiàng)目背景11.1.3編制依據(jù)、單位和原則13.編制原則21.1.4項(xiàng)目提出的理由與過程21.2項(xiàng)目概況71.2.2建設(shè)規(guī)模與目標(biāo)82.建設(shè)目標(biāo)82.政策優(yōu)勢(shì)93.產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)91.2.5主要技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)111.3問題與建議131）重大自然災(zāi)害及各種重大疫情造成損失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)13第二章 市場(chǎng)預(yù)測(cè)152.1產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)供應(yīng)現(xiàn)狀及預(yù)測(cè)152.2國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)需求預(yù)測(cè)182.3產(chǎn)品目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)分析202.4市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力分析212.5產(chǎn)場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)22第

2、三章 建設(shè)規(guī)模與產(chǎn)品方案233.1 建設(shè)規(guī)模233.2產(chǎn)品方案24第四章 場(chǎng)址選擇244.1地點(diǎn)與地理位置244.2場(chǎng)址建設(shè)條件254.3場(chǎng)址條件比選26第五章 技術(shù)方案、設(shè)備方案和工程方案265.1技術(shù)方案265.1.2工藝流程簡(jiǎn)圖31（2）架子牛育肥315.1.6主要原材料、動(dòng)力消耗341.繁育場(chǎng)原材料動(dòng)力消耗表34繁育場(chǎng)原材料動(dòng)力消耗表34育肥場(chǎng)原材料動(dòng)力消耗表35屠宰場(chǎng)原材料動(dòng)力消耗表355.2主要設(shè)備方案365.2.2推薦方案的主要設(shè)備清單365.3工程方案392.廠區(qū)豎向布置原則40第六章 主要原材料、燃料供應(yīng)556.1主要原材料供應(yīng)556.2燃料供應(yīng)576.3 主要原材料、燃料、

3、動(dòng)力年需要量57第七章 節(jié)能節(jié)水措施587.1 節(jié)能措施587.1.6能耗指標(biāo)分析617.2節(jié)水措施61第八章 環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)628.1場(chǎng)址環(huán)境條件628.2項(xiàng)目建設(shè)和生產(chǎn)對(duì)環(huán)境的影響628.3環(huán)境保護(hù)措施方案638.4環(huán)境保護(hù)投資668.5環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)66第九章 勞動(dòng)安全衛(wèi)生與消防679.1危害因素和危害程度679.2安全措施方案679.3消防設(shè)施69第十章 組織機(jī)構(gòu)與人力資源配置7210.1組織機(jī)構(gòu)7210.2人力資源配置72第十一章 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施進(jìn)度7411.1建設(shè)工期7411.2項(xiàng)目實(shí)施進(jìn)度安排7411.3項(xiàng)目實(shí)施進(jìn)度表74第十二章 投資估算7612.1 投資估算依據(jù)7612.2 建設(shè)投資估

4、算7612.3 流動(dòng)資金估算7712.4 項(xiàng)目總投資估算7812.5 投資指標(biāo)7812.6 分年資金投入計(jì)劃78第十三章 融資方案8013.1總投資來源8013.2資本金籌措8013.3債務(wù)資金籌措8013.4融資方案分析81第十四章 財(cái)務(wù)評(píng)價(jià)8314.1編制依據(jù)8314.2財(cái)務(wù)評(píng)價(jià)基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)8314.3營(yíng)業(yè)收入及稅金8414.4成本費(fèi)用估算8514.5利潤(rùn)估算8614.6 財(cái)務(wù)評(píng)價(jià)8714.7不確定性分析8814.8財(cái)務(wù)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)論88第十五章 社會(huì)評(píng)價(jià)9015.1項(xiàng)目對(duì)社會(huì)的影響分析9015.2項(xiàng)目所在地互適性分析9015.3社會(huì)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)論91第十六章 工程招標(biāo)93第十七章 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析9517.1項(xiàng)

5、目主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素識(shí)別9517.2風(fēng)險(xiǎn)程度分析9517.3防范和降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)對(duì)策95第十八章 研究結(jié)論與建議9718.1推薦方案的總體描述9718.2推薦方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)9818.3結(jié)論與建議994health. What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also stay in the ground

6、 and underground water for a lonog time. This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.

7、In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals. With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to

8、turn to organic farming. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fert

9、ilizer. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals. Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile. They often change the knd of crop in each field every few

10、years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of so

11、il, for example, planting peanuts that use the grounds surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next

12、 years crop. These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or peoples health.  An early farmer pioneer Some people thought Jia Sixie was a lucky man. He had worked for the emperor and when he got old, he was able

13、to go his hometown to relax. Jia Sixie, however, had other plans. He had always been interested in agriculture and intended to do something to make Chinese farming even better. Jia Sixie lived in the six century AD. He was born in Yidu in Shandong province and worked in Gaoyang, which is also i

14、n Shangdong. As he rode through the countryside on his journeys for his work he looked out at the fields. Some of them were greener and had more crops than others. Some cows and sheep looked healthier than others too. He was lost in though. What could a farmer do to get good crops from his fields? S

15、urely there must be rules that would help them. He thought he could use his knowledge to find out the best ways for farmers to grow crops and then write a book to help them. In doing so he collected information from farmers who did well, studied it and did experiments to find the best way. For

16、example, he studied ways of keeping seeds and advised farmers to choose seed-heads which had the best color. Then he told them to hang them to dry all winter. The next spring the seeds should be knocked out of their seed-heads and planted. He studied how to improve the soil. He advised farmers to cl

17、ear weeds from the ground before planting crops. They could either let the animals eat the weeds or turn the soil over so that the weeds were covered and would rot. Then he gave advice on Turing over the soil. The first time each year, farmers should dig deeply, but the second time should be less de

18、ep. Therefore the autumn ploughing of the soil should be deeper thant the spring ploughing. He suggested changing crops in the field every year: rive one year and wheat the next so that they would always get good harvests. They should also grow different plants next to each other in the field. He al

19、so gave adive on how to fish, keep a garden and even make wine. He wrote down his in a book called Qi Min Yao Shu, which was considered an important summary of the knowledge of farming. For centuries after Jia Sixie died, it was studied by Chinese farmers and students of agriculture. Unit

20、3 A MASTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOUR As Victor Hugo once said, “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”, and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin. He brightened the lives of Americans and British through two world wars and the hard years in be

21、tween. He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives. Not that Charlies own life was easy! He was born in a poor family in 1889. His parents were both poor music hall performers. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to s

22、ing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. Such training was common in acting families at that time, especially when the family income was often uncertain. Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick m

23、other and his brother. By his teens, Charlie had, through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in England. He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks. No one was ever bored watching him-his subtle acting made everything entertaining. As time went by, he bega

24、n making films. He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world. The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat. He walked around stiffly carrying a walking stick. This cha

25、racter was a social failure but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties. He was the underdog who was kind even when others were unkind to him. How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining? Here is an example from one of his most famous films, The

26、Gold Rush. It is the mid-nineteenth century and gold has just been discovered in California. Like so many others, the little tramp and his friend have rushed there in search of gold, but without success. Instead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountain during a snowstorm with nothing

27、 to eat. They are so hungry that they try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner. Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti. Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoes as if it were the finest steak. Finally he tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the

28、shoe. He eats each mouthful with great enjoyment. The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted! Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and produced the films the starred in. In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his outstanding work in fi

29、lms. He lived in England and the USA but spend his last years in Switzerland, where he was buried in 1977. He is loved and remembered as a great actor who could inspire people with great confidence.  AN APRIL FOOLS JOKE: THE NOODLE HARVEST April Fools day, or April 1st, is known in ma

30、ny countries as a day for playing jokes on others. It is usually a time when children make fun of each other, but sometimes other people can get caught in the fun too. One of the most famous jokes in England took place on British television in 1957. It was a Monday night when there were always

31、many serious programmes on the television. One of them was called Panorama, this show explored problems and progress all over the world, so nobody was surprised when it began with a report on the excellent noodle harvest in the south Switzerland. The programme mentioned two reasons for the good crop

32、: an unusually warm winter and the disappearance of the insect that attacked the noodle crop every year. The reporter showed many noodle trees with the farmers pulling noodles off them and putting them into baskets. The people watching were told that they may not have heard of noodles from this part

33、 of the world because noodles were grown as part of small family businesses. The programme makers makers realized that people might wonder why noodles were always the same size so that they explained that “it was the result of many years patient research with the tree to produce noodles of exac

34、tly the same length.” But even so they explained, the life of a noodle farmer was not easy. “The last two weeks of March are an anxious time for noodle farmers. There is always a chance of very cold weather spoiling their crop. Then第一章 總論1.1項(xiàng)目背景1.1.1項(xiàng)目名稱項(xiàng)目名稱：*萬頭優(yōu)質(zhì)肉牛生態(tài)養(yǎng)殖屠宰示范園項(xiàng)目1.1.2 項(xiàng)目承辦單位1.項(xiàng)目承辦單位承辦單

35、位：*法人代表：孫憲軍主管部門：乾安縣牧業(yè)管理局2.承辦單位概況*為省級(jí)龍頭企業(yè)，以發(fā)展肉牛養(yǎng)殖和肉牛屠宰加工為主。企業(yè)注冊(cè)資本1130萬元，固定資產(chǎn)產(chǎn)值2400萬元，現(xiàn)有員工60名，其中高、中級(jí)牧業(yè)技術(shù)人員10名，具有較強(qiáng)的畜牧業(yè)技術(shù)實(shí)力和發(fā)展?jié)摿Α?.1.3編制依據(jù)、單位和原則1.編制依據(jù)國(guó)家發(fā)展和改革委中賒頒布的投資項(xiàng)目可行性研究指南；國(guó)家有關(guān)政策、法規(guī)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及規(guī)范；建設(shè)單位提供的基礎(chǔ)資料；其它有關(guān)資料等。2.編制單位* 3.編制原則在設(shè)計(jì)研究過程中堅(jiān)持以經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、社會(huì)效益和環(huán)境效益三方面共贏為目的，選擇先進(jìn)的工藝路線、適當(dāng)?shù)脑O(shè)備，確保產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量在當(dāng)?shù)亍?guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)的先進(jìn)性。各項(xiàng)設(shè)施在滿足生產(chǎn)

36、需求的前提下，保證建設(shè)項(xiàng)目起點(diǎn)高、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量好。充分利用當(dāng)?shù)刭Y源優(yōu)勢(shì)和優(yōu)惠政策等綜合優(yōu)勢(shì)，節(jié)省投資，縮短工期，努力提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，盡快收回投資。在設(shè)計(jì)研究過程中，認(rèn)真貫徹執(zhí)行國(guó)家有關(guān)法規(guī)、規(guī)范，搞好環(huán)保、節(jié)能、節(jié)水、衛(wèi)生安全及消防等設(shè)計(jì)。1.1.4項(xiàng)目提出的理由與過程1.項(xiàng)目提出的理由吉林省是農(nóng)業(yè)大省，是我國(guó)玉米、大豆的主要生產(chǎn)區(qū)，糧食總產(chǎn)已突破250億公斤，這其中又以玉米為主，占到糧食總產(chǎn)量的75%以上。雖然具備得天獨(dú)厚的自然條件，但吉林省也同樣面臨著更為迫切的三農(nóng)問題，首先是近幾年雖然糧食作物在產(chǎn)量上不斷創(chuàng)出新高，但農(nóng)民的收入沒有相應(yīng)的提高；其次，由于吉林省是農(nóng)業(yè)大省，農(nóng)村人口所占整個(gè)人口的比

37、例很大，約占總?cè)丝跇?gòu)成的50%以上，農(nóng)民收入的難以提高，直接影響到農(nóng)村消費(fèi)，消費(fèi)的減少又影響到了內(nèi)需，內(nèi)需的不旺則影響到整個(gè)吉林省的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度。整個(gè)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)入了全面的結(jié)構(gòu)性調(diào)整時(shí)期。農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)由“糧-經(jīng)”二元結(jié)構(gòu)向“糧-經(jīng)-飼”三元結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變。大力發(fā)展養(yǎng)牛業(yè)有利于促進(jìn)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，促進(jìn)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)向三元結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變。吉林省是國(guó)家產(chǎn)糧大省，適合畜牧業(yè)的發(fā)展。作為全國(guó)較大的牛肉出口省，肉牛存欄量在國(guó)內(nèi)名列前茅，近幾年隨著農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化的深入發(fā)展，優(yōu)質(zhì)肉牛綜合技術(shù)開發(fā)已成為全省養(yǎng)牛業(yè)的重點(diǎn)應(yīng)用技術(shù)。多年來，吉林省政府對(duì)發(fā)展肉牛產(chǎn)業(yè)十分重視，根據(jù)溫家寶總理提出的“要把畜牧業(yè)建成一個(gè)大產(chǎn)業(yè)”的指示和農(nóng)業(yè)部提出的

38、把吉林省由“糧倉(cāng)”變“肉庫”的設(shè)想，確立吉林省糧食食品工業(yè)的發(fā)展思路是帶動(dòng)農(nóng)牧業(yè)的發(fā)展。為此，吉林省委、省政府在2006年就提出“糧變?nèi)狻惫こ?，糧食轉(zhuǎn)化要達(dá)到50%以上。通過優(yōu)質(zhì)肉牛的快速養(yǎng)殖及深加工等一條龍的系列開發(fā)，使肉牛產(chǎn)業(yè)成為吉林省的畜牧業(yè)支柱性產(chǎn)業(yè)。吉林省作為農(nóng)業(yè)大省利用國(guó)家推出的扶持政策，在穩(wěn)定發(fā)展糧食生產(chǎn)這一主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)的前提下，適時(shí)調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，擴(kuò)大效益好、見效快、能提高農(nóng)民收入的產(chǎn)業(yè)（如畜牧業(yè)）在農(nóng)業(yè)中的比重，實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量升級(jí)，已成為吉林省解決三農(nóng)問題，全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的關(guān)鍵。2.項(xiàng)目提出的過程乾安縣屬于農(nóng)牧交錯(cuò)帶，對(duì)肉牛業(yè)的發(fā)展具有得天獨(dú)厚的條件，廣大農(nóng)民對(duì)肉

39、牛的養(yǎng)殖熱情高，具有養(yǎng)牛的成熟經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并掌握一定的養(yǎng)牛技術(shù)。早在1976年就開展了黃牛人工授精項(xiàng)目，人工授精技術(shù)和黃牛改良效果始終處于全省領(lǐng)先地位。隨著農(nóng)村改革的不斷深化和黨的各項(xiàng)農(nóng)業(yè)政策的落實(shí)以及產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整，乾安縣的養(yǎng)牛業(yè)得到了迅速的發(fā)展，到2007年末，全縣牛發(fā)展到7.35萬頭，存欄4.1萬頭，且牛群的質(zhì)量較高，改良牛比例占整個(gè)牛群的90%以上，同時(shí)乾安縣秸稈資源豐富，利用率較好，被吉林省列為粗飼料加工及秸稈利用示范縣，青黃貯飼料的加工、利用具有成熟的經(jīng)驗(yàn)可借鑒。隨著市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的建立和完善，傳統(tǒng)的分散經(jīng)營(yíng)，靠放牧養(yǎng)牛舊的格局已經(jīng)不能適應(yīng)畜牧業(yè)迅速發(fā)展的需要。乾安縣是一個(gè)典型的農(nóng)業(yè)縣，所

40、轄10個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)和4個(gè)農(nóng)牧場(chǎng)，人口30萬人，其中農(nóng)業(yè)人口近22萬人，農(nóng)戶5.5萬戶。全縣有耕地12萬公頃，糧食平均年產(chǎn)量為100萬噸。近幾年乾安縣畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展較快，截止到2007年末，豬、牛、羊、禽分別發(fā)展到32.6萬頭、7.35萬頭、55.6萬頭、460萬只。牧業(yè)產(chǎn)值達(dá)到5.6億元，占全縣總產(chǎn)值的38%，農(nóng)民人均牧業(yè)收入1300元。乾安縣養(yǎng)牛歷史悠久，具有良好的肉牛養(yǎng)殖發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)。萬頭優(yōu)質(zhì)肉牛生態(tài)養(yǎng)殖屠宰示范園項(xiàng)目是根據(jù)乾安縣牧業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展情況提出來的。乾安縣提出把乾安縣建成牧業(yè)大縣、經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)縣的發(fā)展目標(biāo)，乾安縣縣委、政府一直把養(yǎng)牛業(yè)當(dāng)作重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)來抓。*在肉牛養(yǎng)殖上已實(shí)行了專門化品種，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)，規(guī)?；?/p>

41、飼養(yǎng)，產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營(yíng)，多元化開發(fā)（簡(jiǎn)稱為“五化”模式）模式。其萬頭優(yōu)質(zhì)肉牛生態(tài)養(yǎng)殖屠宰示范園項(xiàng)目，必將帶動(dòng)當(dāng)?shù)厝馀．a(chǎn)業(yè)的全面發(fā)展，提高廣大養(yǎng)牛戶的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，增加農(nóng)民收入，為地方的牧業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展服務(wù)。3.項(xiàng)目建設(shè)的必要性改革開放以來，我國(guó)肉牛飼養(yǎng)業(yè)得到了迅猛發(fā)展，牛肉加工業(yè)、牛肉市場(chǎng)和外貿(mào)等方面也都有了長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展，牛肉市場(chǎng)逐年擴(kuò)大、銷量不斷增加，肉牛飼養(yǎng)業(yè)已經(jīng)成為二十一世紀(jì)我國(guó)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)中最有發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ漠a(chǎn)業(yè)之一。隨著我國(guó)加入世界貿(mào)易組織，我國(guó)牛肉發(fā)展既面臨機(jī)遇也面臨著嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。如何抓住機(jī)遇，迎接新的挑戰(zhàn)，將是我們?nèi)馀I(yè)進(jìn)一步振興的新課題，吉林省具有良好的肉牛生產(chǎn)基礎(chǔ)和發(fā)展?jié)摿?，建設(shè)肉牛生態(tài)養(yǎng)殖示范園，帶

42、動(dòng)肉牛養(yǎng)殖基地的建設(shè)，大力發(fā)展肉牛業(yè)，開展大型沼氣熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)工藝，對(duì)提高全民健康水平、降低能耗，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)突破和農(nóng)民增收致富都具有十分重要的意義。1）符合國(guó)家相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)政策和農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展方向本項(xiàng)目符合國(guó)家產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營(yíng)項(xiàng)目和吉林省農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展規(guī)劃的精神和發(fā)展目標(biāo)，符合吉林省“生態(tài)省”的建設(shè)目標(biāo)，符合吉林省地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)劃。本項(xiàng)目的實(shí)施還可以進(jìn)一步調(diào)整和優(yōu)化農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)揮區(qū)域資源優(yōu)勢(shì)，促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化跨越式發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)突破和進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。項(xiàng)目所采取的經(jīng)營(yíng)管理模式，實(shí)現(xiàn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)突破和進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。項(xiàng)目所采取的經(jīng)營(yíng)管理模式，有利于提高農(nóng)民的收入，提高農(nóng)民專業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)能力。2）提高人們的物質(zhì)生活水平的

43、需要隨著人們生活水平的提高，膳食結(jié)構(gòu)也不斷變化，逐漸由溫飽型向營(yíng)養(yǎng)型轉(zhuǎn)變，肉、蛋、奶的需求越來越大，特別是優(yōu)質(zhì)牛肉越來越被人們青睞，已經(jīng)成為日常生活不可缺少的飲食，并且對(duì)增強(qiáng)人體免疫力和抵抗力都起到至關(guān)重要作用。3）加快農(nóng)民致富奔小康建設(shè)社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村的需要目前農(nóng)戶飼養(yǎng)的牛，本地牛較多，體小、肉質(zhì)差，經(jīng)濟(jì)效益差，如廣大的養(yǎng)殖戶都飼養(yǎng)優(yōu)良品種的肉牛，即可提高養(yǎng)牛業(yè)的群體質(zhì)量，且經(jīng)濟(jì)效益顯著。項(xiàng)目建成后，可帶動(dòng)周邊鄉(xiāng)、鎮(zhèn)廣大農(nóng)民發(fā)展肉牛養(yǎng)殖，建立優(yōu)質(zhì)肉牛生態(tài)養(yǎng)殖示范區(qū)，提高農(nóng)戶的經(jīng)濟(jì)收入。近來牛肉的價(jià)格普遍看好，而活牛價(jià)格更好，目前長(zhǎng)春皓月集團(tuán)收購(gòu)活牛價(jià)格為每公斤15元，每頭育肥牛售價(jià)在8000-

44、10000元之間，每頭育肥牛利潤(rùn)可達(dá)1000元以上。松原市處在我國(guó)優(yōu)質(zhì)肉牛產(chǎn)業(yè)帶，并有國(guó)家級(jí)的優(yōu)質(zhì)肉牛育種場(chǎng)，松原市的前郭縣查干花種畜場(chǎng)是我國(guó)西門塔爾優(yōu)質(zhì)乳肉兼用型牛育種基地，對(duì)發(fā)展肉牛養(yǎng)殖具有得天獨(dú)厚的種源條件和資源優(yōu)勢(shì)，由此可以看出，在今后相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，大力發(fā)展養(yǎng)牛業(yè)，是振興牧業(yè)、發(fā)展農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)，加速實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)小康社會(huì)一條有效途徑。4）促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)良性循環(huán)的需要隨著種植業(yè)化肥投入量的逐年增加，致使耕地酸堿度失衡，板結(jié)十分嚴(yán)重，土壤越來越貧瘠。通過發(fā)展養(yǎng)牛業(yè)，農(nóng)牧輪作。一可以使秸稈和飼草過腹還田，培肥地力，提高土壤通透性；二可改善生態(tài)環(huán)境；三可解決糧食就地轉(zhuǎn)化實(shí)現(xiàn)糧變?nèi)獾膯栴}

45、；四即可提高糧食單產(chǎn)，又可生產(chǎn)綠色食品，促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)的良性循環(huán)，增加農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)后勁。5）是改善生態(tài)環(huán)境，降低能耗的需要沼氣是一種優(yōu)質(zhì)能源，主要成分是甲烷，發(fā)熱量達(dá)6000大卡/m3以上，也就是說每m3沼氣相當(dāng)于0.6kg液化氣。沼氣池所生產(chǎn)的沼氣可直接作為燃料供給鍋爐用，并且熱效率的利用率可達(dá)80%以上，因?yàn)槌苏羝挠行Ю猛?，鍋爐和發(fā)電所產(chǎn)生的煙氣余熱仍然可以作為烘干物料的熱源加以利用，這樣就可使廠內(nèi)生產(chǎn)形成一個(gè)能源閉路利用模式，其能源利用率為最高。沼氣不僅是一種潔凈的能源，而且在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)上可作為化工原料使用。沼氣的主要成分是甲烷，這種氣體在高溫下能分解成碳和氫，因此，沼氣可用來制造氫氣和碳黑，

46、并能進(jìn)一步制造乙炔、合成汽油、酒精、塑料、人造纖維和人造皮革等各種化工產(chǎn)品，用途日益廣泛。利用屠宰加工產(chǎn)生的高溫廢水及牛糞進(jìn)行沼氣中溫發(fā)酵，產(chǎn)生的沼氣供當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民燃燒使用。6）促進(jìn)地方經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的需要畜牧業(yè)是農(nóng)業(yè)的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)，是發(fā)展國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要組成部分，養(yǎng)牛業(yè)作為舉世公認(rèn)節(jié)糧型經(jīng)濟(jì)、高效產(chǎn)業(yè)，在提高全民的健康水平，改善全民食物結(jié)構(gòu)營(yíng)養(yǎng)做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。養(yǎng)牛業(yè)又是關(guān)系到畜牧、農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展及國(guó)計(jì)民生的重要行業(yè)之一，具有極強(qiáng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)縿?dòng)力。發(fā)展養(yǎng)牛業(yè)對(duì)促進(jìn)自然資源的合理利用，帶動(dòng)相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展具有十分重要的意義。養(yǎng)牛業(yè)是關(guān)聯(lián)度非常廣泛的產(chǎn)業(yè)，它的發(fā)展能夠帶動(dòng)和促進(jìn)飼料、皮革、肉類加工等相關(guān)行業(yè)的發(fā)展。在帶來

47、巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的同時(shí)，可安置部分社會(huì)剩余勞動(dòng)力，增加了就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，養(yǎng)牛業(yè)已成為促進(jìn)地方經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和農(nóng)民致富增收的一條重要途徑。項(xiàng)目實(shí)施后，真正能帶動(dòng)企業(yè)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展壯大，把當(dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)展成一個(gè)較大的規(guī)模養(yǎng)?；?，也能使企業(yè)真正達(dá)到繁、養(yǎng)、經(jīng)營(yíng)體系，延伸企業(yè)鏈條，可以最大化的提高企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益；同時(shí)還可以帶動(dòng)養(yǎng)殖戶發(fā)展商品經(jīng)濟(jì)，富裕一方百姓；可以擴(kuò)大飼料生產(chǎn)規(guī)模，實(shí)行糧食就地轉(zhuǎn)化，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)收入，帶動(dòng)縣域其它相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，會(huì)形成一整套的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，帶動(dòng)相關(guān)行業(yè)，既有社會(huì)效益又有經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。綜上所述，本項(xiàng)目的建設(shè)可充分發(fā)揮當(dāng)?shù)氐馁Y源優(yōu)勢(shì)，增加農(nóng)民的收入，解決剩余勞動(dòng)力的就業(yè)問題，促進(jìn)社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定，提高人們的膳食質(zhì)量，變資

48、源優(yōu)勢(shì)為經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢(shì)。項(xiàng)目的建設(shè)符合國(guó)家和吉林省提出的快速持續(xù)發(fā)展精品畜牧業(yè)的政策。因此，項(xiàng)目的提出是適時(shí)、必要的。1.2項(xiàng)目概況1.2.1擬建地點(diǎn)本項(xiàng)目擬建地點(diǎn)乾安縣贊字工業(yè)園區(qū)，廠區(qū)占地面積156600平方米。廠區(qū)內(nèi)地勢(shì)平坦，公用設(shè)施完善，水、電供應(yīng)充足，四周無有害污染物及污染源，項(xiàng)目建設(shè)條件良好。1.2.2建設(shè)規(guī)模與目標(biāo)1.建設(shè)規(guī)模本項(xiàng)目根據(jù)市場(chǎng)需求情況、場(chǎng)區(qū)情況以及配套資金情況，建設(shè)規(guī)模確定為可繁基礎(chǔ)母牛5000頭，建設(shè)基礎(chǔ)母牛繁育場(chǎng)進(jìn)行繁育,年繁育商品牛犢4700頭，淘汰母牛200頭，犢牛由當(dāng)?shù)仞B(yǎng)殖戶飼養(yǎng)，達(dá)到規(guī)格的架子牛由*集中統(tǒng)一育肥；建設(shè)育肥牛場(chǎng)，從當(dāng)?shù)仞B(yǎng)殖戶手中收購(gòu)架子牛統(tǒng)一育肥

49、，形成年出欄20000頭育肥牛建設(shè)規(guī)模；建設(shè)年產(chǎn)365萬立方米沼氣發(fā)酵工程，處理高溫屠宰廢水和牛糞；新建屠宰廠，形成年產(chǎn)5萬頭屠宰肉牛及冷鮮牛肉加工規(guī)模；2.建設(shè)目標(biāo)本項(xiàng)目建設(shè)目標(biāo)是將企業(yè)建設(shè)成為當(dāng)?shù)氐凝堫^企業(yè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)管理、工藝技術(shù)、生產(chǎn)裝備、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量達(dá)到國(guó)家先進(jìn)、國(guó)內(nèi)領(lǐng)先水平，使企業(yè)產(chǎn)品成為省內(nèi)乃至全國(guó)知名品牌。1.2.3主要建設(shè)條件1.區(qū)域優(yōu)勢(shì)與資源優(yōu)勢(shì)在農(nóng)牧食品行業(yè)中，畜產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)尤為突出，龍頭企業(yè)代表畜牧產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展水平，是帶動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的火車頭，畜產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)成為最具活力經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)。畜產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)重點(diǎn)企業(yè)迅速壯大，實(shí)施項(xiàng)目拉動(dòng)戰(zhàn)略，加快項(xiàng)目開發(fā)步伐，這是全面發(fā)展現(xiàn)代畜牧產(chǎn)業(yè)的首要

50、之舉。充足優(yōu)質(zhì)的原料供應(yīng)是畜牧業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營(yíng)的基礎(chǔ)，乾安縣圍繞龍頭企業(yè)的加工需要，建成高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)牧業(yè)小區(qū)，將小區(qū)作為畜牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)的“第一車間”，充分發(fā)揮龍頭企業(yè)對(duì)養(yǎng)殖基地的帶動(dòng)作用，建立龍頭企業(yè)與農(nóng)戶之間的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制，引領(lǐng)養(yǎng)殖大戶、規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖戶在小區(qū)內(nèi)實(shí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化養(yǎng)殖，從而提高當(dāng)?shù)匦螽a(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量。畜牧業(yè)在農(nóng)民增收致富中所發(fā)揮的作用越來越大。強(qiáng)化新機(jī)制就是重新調(diào)整龍頭企業(yè)與農(nóng)民之間的利益關(guān)系，控制企業(yè)與農(nóng)戶的資產(chǎn)連接方法，建立起“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)共擔(dān)、利益均站”的利益共同體，進(jìn)一步完善“公司+基地+農(nóng)戶”模式，產(chǎn)銷有合同、收購(gòu)有制約，利益互贏，利用先進(jìn)繁育技術(shù)，養(yǎng)殖用料、用藥、防疫能得到有效控制。要想使縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展，養(yǎng)

51、殖用料、用藥、防疫能得到有效控制。要想使縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)財(cái)政富裕，促進(jìn)農(nóng)民持續(xù)穩(wěn)定增收，就必須走畜牧產(chǎn)業(yè)工業(yè)化道路，拉長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條，提高產(chǎn)品附加值，不斷加大上下游產(chǎn)品開發(fā)力度。2.政策優(yōu)勢(shì)本項(xiàng)目不但能促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)仞B(yǎng)殖加工業(yè)發(fā)展，同時(shí)也符合國(guó)家的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策，促進(jìn)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)發(fā)展，是形成養(yǎng)殖、加工結(jié)構(gòu)合理化和拉長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條的重要途徑，并可提高產(chǎn)品的附加值，在能給企業(yè)帶來豐厚利潤(rùn)的同時(shí)，又能帶動(dòng)種植業(yè)、養(yǎng)殖業(yè)以及其它相關(guān)行業(yè)的發(fā)展，促進(jìn)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)由“糧一經(jīng)”二元結(jié)構(gòu)向“糧一經(jīng)一飼”三元結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變，必將大大改善我國(guó)生產(chǎn)資源的配置，創(chuàng)造更多的附加值。吉林省是中國(guó)的糧食產(chǎn)業(yè)大省，要結(jié)合產(chǎn)業(yè)化結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整，主要是將糧

52、食轉(zhuǎn)化成優(yōu)質(zhì)肉牛等養(yǎng)殖產(chǎn)品。為進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展，調(diào)整多種綜合飼養(yǎng)產(chǎn)業(yè)政策，大力促進(jìn)商品牛飼養(yǎng)、加工產(chǎn)業(yè)，深化養(yǎng)殖業(yè)健康、持續(xù)發(fā)展，讓畜牧養(yǎng)殖主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)煥發(fā)新的生機(jī)和活力。3.產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)中國(guó)的畜產(chǎn)加工業(yè)是一個(gè)成長(zhǎng)性好、發(fā)展?jié)摿薮蟮男袠I(yè)，畜牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)需要通過產(chǎn)品加工起到蓄水池的調(diào)節(jié)作用，需要通過加工轉(zhuǎn)化實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品的增值，促進(jìn)畜牧業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。另一方面，我國(guó)又是一個(gè)肉類消費(fèi)大國(guó)，市場(chǎng)潛力巨大，隨著人民生活水平的不斷提高，生活節(jié)奏的加快，消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)呈現(xiàn)多元化趨勢(shì)，因此，需要有更多衛(wèi)生、優(yōu)質(zhì)、方便的加工產(chǎn)品。從今后畜產(chǎn)品加工的發(fā)展來看：首先，要提高加工產(chǎn)品的衛(wèi)生質(zhì)量。隨著畜產(chǎn)品加工的發(fā)展，市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日

53、益激烈，因此進(jìn)一步規(guī)范和加強(qiáng)各類加工制品質(zhì)量管理，制定產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，實(shí)行畜產(chǎn)品加工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。第二、要提高初級(jí)產(chǎn)品向深加工產(chǎn)品轉(zhuǎn)化的比例，促進(jìn)畜牧業(yè)的穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。同時(shí)，要不斷增加國(guó)畜產(chǎn)品加工的花色品種，形成規(guī)模優(yōu)勢(shì)，不斷滿足人民日益增長(zhǎng)的消費(fèi)需要。第三、加強(qiáng)環(huán)境意識(shí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。要完善畜產(chǎn)品加工實(shí)施，尤其是建立相應(yīng)的環(huán)保措施，同時(shí)要逐步改變小作坊式的加工方式，提高加工工藝，加快畜產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)的現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程，促進(jìn)畜產(chǎn)品加工的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。由于牛肉消費(fèi)需求旺盛，當(dāng)?shù)貫檫M(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展，調(diào)整多品種綜合飼養(yǎng)產(chǎn)業(yè)政策，大力促進(jìn)商品飼養(yǎng)、加工產(chǎn)業(yè)、深化養(yǎng)殖業(yè)健康、持續(xù)發(fā)展，讓主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)煥發(fā)新的生機(jī)和活力。隨著吉

54、林省發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的調(diào)整，使當(dāng)?shù)丶庸こ蔀閮?yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)，成為食品優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)，作為當(dāng)?shù)氐闹еa(chǎn)業(yè)大力發(fā)展。目前，養(yǎng)殖產(chǎn)業(yè)向著規(guī)?；?、集群化發(fā)展，產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條不斷拉長(zhǎng)，產(chǎn)業(yè)必將快速發(fā)展，使養(yǎng)殖加工企業(yè)迅速崛起。1.2.4項(xiàng)目投入資金及效益情況項(xiàng)目總投資估算10802.62萬元其中：建設(shè)投資估算7522.79萬元建設(shè)期借款利息估算98.10萬元流動(dòng)資金估算3181.73萬元項(xiàng)目建成投產(chǎn)后，正常年?duì)I業(yè)收入37410.00萬元，所得稅后年平均利潤(rùn)1538.92萬元。年平均上繳所得稅額512.97萬元，全部投資內(nèi)部收益率（稅后）17.93%，投資利潤(rùn)率18.99%，盈虧平衡點(diǎn)為68.63%，投資回收期（稅后）6.6

55、2年（含建設(shè)期）。財(cái)務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益較好，財(cái)務(wù)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)高出本行業(yè)基準(zhǔn)指標(biāo)。1.2.5主要技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)本項(xiàng)目主要技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)見下表：表1-1 主要技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)表序號(hào)指 標(biāo) 名 稱單 位數(shù) 量備 注1生產(chǎn)規(guī)?；A(chǔ)母牛頭5000架子牛育肥頭/年20000屠宰加工肉牛頭/年500002產(chǎn)品方案商品牛犢頭/年4700淘汰母牛頭/年200育肥牛頭/年20000沼氣萬立米方/年3650牛肉噸10000牛下水萬套5牛皮萬張53項(xiàng)目總投資估算萬元10802.623.1建設(shè)投資萬元7522.793.2借款利息萬元98.103.3流動(dòng)資金萬元3181.734投資指標(biāo)4.1單位產(chǎn)品占用建設(shè)投資元/單位產(chǎn)品7522.794.

56、2百元營(yíng)業(yè)收入占用項(xiàng)目總投資元/百元營(yíng)業(yè)收入28.884.3百元營(yíng)業(yè)收入占用建設(shè)投資元/百元營(yíng)業(yè)收入20.114.4百元營(yíng)業(yè)收入占用流動(dòng)資金元/百元營(yíng)業(yè)收入58.515年工作日繁育、育肥場(chǎng)d365屠宰場(chǎng)d300日工作時(shí)間h166項(xiàng)目定員總計(jì)人630其中：生產(chǎn)人員人550技術(shù)人員人50管理及服務(wù)人員人307項(xiàng)目總用地面積m21566008總建筑面積m2666489建筑指標(biāo)建筑系數(shù)%46.12容積率%0.4310綠地率%19.811主要原輔材料、物料、燃料和動(dòng)力年用量基礎(chǔ)母牛頭/a200園區(qū)基礎(chǔ)母?？倲?shù)為5000頭、架子牛頭/年20000肉牛頭/年30000人工凍精支/年15000配合飼料噸/年3500青黃貯噸/年2250干玉米秸噸/年17500疫苗噸/年500玉米噸/年1