廣東省2012屆高中英語(yǔ)2輪總復(fù)習(xí) 專題3 第4課時(shí)推理判斷題學(xué)案

1、推理判斷題 If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their po

2、int of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses. Here is

3、 an example, which I heard at a nurses' convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is ver

4、y peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. “Who is that？” the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, that's God.” came

5、the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor.”If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or

6、 the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn't attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the post office or the tele

7、phone system. If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off­the­cuff(即興的) remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it's the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so spea

8、k slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light­hearted remark. Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don't succeed, give up” or a play on words or on a situation.

9、Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor. It can be inferred from the text that public services _. A. have benefited many people B. are the focus of public attention C. are an inappropriate sub

10、ject for humor D. have often been the laughing stock 【答案及解析】 D推理判斷題。由第四段最后一句可以推測(cè)出。推理判斷題在高考閱讀理解題中占有比較大的比重，要求我們根據(jù)短文中的某個(gè)或某些事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的推理，從而作出判斷，最終才能選擇出正確的答案。推理判斷常見的出題方式有： 1推斷作者的寫作目的。題干中常常有purpose, intend to, mean to等。作者寫文章的目的通常有以下三種： (1)to entertain readers(娛樂讀者，讓人發(fā)笑)：常見于故事類的文章。 (2)to persuade readers(說服

11、讀者接受某種觀點(diǎn))：常見于廣告和議論文中。(3)to inform readers(告知讀者某些信息)：多見于科普類新聞報(bào)道類文化類或社會(huì)類的文章。 2推測(cè)隱含意義。要求我們根據(jù)文章的某個(gè)句子、段落或者全文所提供的事實(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒有提到的或者沒有明說的事實(shí)或者可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)。旨在考查我們透過詞語(yǔ)的字面意義去理解作者的言外之意的能力。這類題題干中常常有infer(推斷), suggest(暗示), imply(暗示), indicate(暗示), conclude(得出結(jié)論)等詞語(yǔ)。 3推斷讀者對(duì)象或者文章出處。解答此類題常常要依靠理解短語(yǔ)內(nèi)容，特別要注意體會(huì)作者使用的有傾向的詞語(yǔ)

12、和表示出來的語(yǔ)氣。我們可以從文章的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷其出處：(1) 報(bào)紙：前面會(huì)出現(xiàn)日期、地點(diǎn)或通訊社名稱。(2) 廣告：因其用詞和格式特殊，容易辨認(rèn)。(3) 產(chǎn)品說明：器皿、設(shè)備的使用說明會(huì)有產(chǎn)品名稱或操作方式，而藥品的服用說明會(huì)告知服用時(shí)間、次數(shù)、藥量等。4推測(cè)作者的觀點(diǎn)和情感態(tài)度。題干中常常出現(xiàn)attitude, opinion, according to the writer等詞語(yǔ)。根據(jù)作者在文中的措辭，尤其是表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞及所舉的例子，推斷出作者的弦外之音?！敬鸢讣敖馕觥?本文描述作者對(duì)現(xiàn)在與過去的人過周日的一些感嘆。1. B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段最后可知?！敬鸢讣敖馕觥?. B細(xì)節(jié)理解題