-般將來時時態(tài)用法講解

1、一般將來時時態(tài)1. 一般將來時的定義一般將來時表示在現(xiàn)在看來即將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常用時間副詞tomorrow,soon或短語nextyear/week/month,inafewdays,inthefuture,sometime做狀語。如：Whatwillyoudothisafternoon?你今天下午干什么?Wewillhaveameetingtomorrow.我們明天要開會。Heisgoingtostudyabroad(到國外)nextyear.明年他要出國學(xué)習(xí)。2. 一般將來時的結(jié)構(gòu)及應(yīng)用(1) shall/will+動詞原形。表示即將發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。特別是表示客觀性的事

2、情或在某條件下要發(fā)生的事情，只能用此結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Whatshallwedoifhedoesn'tcome?如果他不來，我們該怎么辦？Willyoubefreethisevening?今天晚上有空嗎？Ithinkhewilltellusthetruth(真相)。我想他會告訴我們真實情況的。(2) begoingto+動詞原形。表示已經(jīng)計劃或安排好了的事情，也可表示有跡象表明肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如：Wearegoingtohaveameetingtodiscuss(討論)thematterthisevening.今天晚上開會討論這件事情。Lookattheblackcloudsoverther

3、e.Ithinkitisgoingtorainsoon.看一看那邊的烏云，我想天要下雨了。ThereisgoingtobeanEnglisheveningthisweek.本周要舉行一個英語晚會。(3) be+現(xiàn)在分詞。表示即將發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。這個句型中動詞主要是瞬間動詞：come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open,die,join,borrow,buy等。如:Goahead,andI'mcoming.走前面一點吧，我就來。Thedogisdying.那條狗要死了。Hurryup.Theshopisclosing.快點,商店

4、就要關(guān)門了。(4) 一般現(xiàn)在時。表示一種嚴(yán)格按照計劃進(jìn)行的動作。比方說，上課、飛機(jī)起飛、火車離站等。如:Don'thurry.Themeetingstartsataquarterpasteight.不要匆忙，回憶八點過一刻開始。Thebusgoesbackatfourthirty.汽車四點返回。鞏固練習(xí)：一、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. LiLeitellsmehe(visit)theGreatWall(長城)thisweekend.2. Mymother(buy)meapairofnewtrouserstomorrow.3. Shesaysshe(leave)soon.4. We(g

5、o)skatingifitdoesn'trainnextSunday.5. There(be)anEnglisheveningnextweek.6. Thinkover,andyou(get)agoodidea.7. Jim(have)apicnicnextMonday?-No,he.8. I(miss)youafteryouleavehere.9. Who(teach)youEnglishnextyear10. He(be)backinthreehours.11. Lookattheseclouds.It(rain).二、改錯：每處劃線中有錯誤，在題后改正1. Hewillsinga

6、nddancesforustomorrow.2. Areyougoingtoswim?Yes,Iwill.3. HewillhelpJimwithhisEnglisheveryday.4. Willhersistersingsasongformetomorrow?5. Theywilln'tplanttreesnextweek.6. Aretheygoingtoplaysbasketballtomorrow?7. Willwegotovisitthefactorytomorrow?8. PaulwillbegoingtomakedumplingsforEmma.9. Aretheboy

7、sgoingtotheGreatWallnextmonth?Yes,theywill.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Jimisgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.Marywillcleanthewindowsnextweek.否定句：一般疑問句：兩回答：特殊疑問句：四、選擇題()1.AreyougoingtoourEnglishteam?Yes,Iam.A.takepartinB.joinC.tookpartinD.joined()2.XuXiaandherteammatesaretheUSAnextweek.A.leavingforB.leaveforC.leaveD.left()3.T

8、hereanEnglishpartyinourclassnextweek.A.isgoingtohaveB.isgoingtobeC.willhaveD.Have()4.Ifittomorrow,wewillgotothepark.A.isn'trainB.don'trainC.doesn'trainD.won'train()5.Thereafootballmatchnextweek.Shallwegoandwatchit?A.willhaveB.hasC.haveD.willbeWouldyouminddoing”句型透視mind用作動詞時，習(xí)慣后接動名詞（短

9、語）作賓語，而不接動詞不定式，常用于Wouldyouminddoing？句型中，具體用法是：1 .Wouldyouminddoing？”句型常用于表示請求，意思是請你做你是否介意？、請你做好嗎？”，是一種比較客氣的表達(dá)方式。如：Wouldyoumindturningoffthelightintheroom?請你把房間里的燈關(guān)掉好嗎？如果要表示請你不要做你是否介意？、請你不要做好嗎？”，只需要在doing前面加上not.如：Wouldyoumindnotstandinginfrontofme?請你不要站在我的前面好嗎?2 .如果同意，表示不介意時，可用如下用語來表達(dá)：Certainly/Ofco

10、ursenot./Notatall./Nonotatall;如果不同意，表示介意時，常用Sorry/Imsorry."(對不起)及陳述某種理由來表示拒絕或反對。如：Wouldyoumindgoingtothemoviesthisevening?今晚去看電影好嗎？-Imsorry.ButIhaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.對不起，我的作業(yè)還沒有完成。學(xué)習(xí)時還要注意：1. Wouldyouminddoing？”句型中的would也可用do代替，但語氣較生硬，不如用would客氣。2. Wouldyouminddoing？”句型中的邏輯主語只能是談話的對方y(tǒng)

11、ou.如果想要對方允許自己做某事，可用Wouldyoumindmydoing？”句型，如：Wouldyoumindmysmokinghere?你介意我在這里吸煙嗎？鞏固練習(xí)：一、用下面提供的短語完成句子。1. helpmewashmyclothesWouldyoumind?2. giveheracupofteaWouldyoumind?3. helphimmendhiscarDoyouhave?4. walkontheroadWouldyoumindontheroad?二、選擇題()1.Wouldyoumindusinthegame?Notatall.A.joiningB.joinC.join

12、inD.joiningin()2.WouldyouliketoclimbmountainswithmethisSunday?一I'dloveto.ButIplaytabletennisagainstClassThree.A.amgoingB.amgoingtoC.amD.goingto()3.Wouldyoumindhere?D.notsmoke一I'msorryaboutthat.I'llgosomewhereelse.A.nosmokingB.notsmokingC.nosmokehadbetter用法詳解1. hadbetter的基本用法特點其意為最好"

13、、應(yīng)該”，后接動詞原形，與情態(tài)動詞should用法相似，其中的had通?？s略為d：You'dbettergetsomesleep.你最好去睡一會兒。Wehadbettergobeforeitrains.我們最好在下雨前就去。2. hadbetter如何構(gòu)成否定式和疑問式構(gòu)成否定式時，通常將not置于hadbetter之后（而不是had之后）；而構(gòu)成疑問式時，則通常將had（而不是hadbetter）置于主語之前：I'dbetternotdisturbhim.我最好別去打擾他。Whathadwebetterdo?我們最好怎么辦？練習(xí)題3. 1.-I'mafraidyouh

14、aveacold.You'dbettergotoseeadoctor.A.No,Ihavenotime.B.That'sagoodidea.C.It'sverykindofyou.D.I'msorrytohearthat.()2.I'mfat.WhatshouldIdo?You'dbettereatmeatandfruits.A.less;moreB.less;lessC.more;lessD.more;more()3.Youhadbetteraskyourbrotherplayingcomputergames.It'sbadforhim

15、.A.togiveupB.nottogiveupC.togiveitupD.notgiveitup()4.Ihaveastomachache.WhatshouldIdo?Youdrinksweetwaterandeatsweetfood.A.hadbetternot;shouldn'tB.should;hadbetterC.hadbetter;hadbetterD.shouldn't;should()5.Ihaveatoothache.Youshould.A.drinklotsofwaterB.takearestC.seeadentistD.haveagoodsleep情態(tài)動詞

16、的基本用法歸納情態(tài)動詞有can(could),may(might),must,haveto,shall(should,will(would),need(needed),oughtto等。情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化；不能單獨使用，必須與其后的動詞原形構(gòu)成謂語。一、can,could1 .表示能力(體力、知識、技能)。Canyouliftthisheavybox?(體力)Marycanspeakthreelanguages.(知識)Canyouskate?(技能)2 .表不請求和允許。CanIgonow?Yes,youcan./No,youcan't.此時可與may互換。在疑問句中還可用co

17、uld,might代替，不是過去式，只是語氣更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答語中。CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow?Yes,youcan.(No,I'mafraidnot.)3 .表示客觀可能性(客觀原因形成的能力)。They'vechangedthetimetable,sowecangobybusinstead.Thishallcanhold500peopleatleast.4.表示推測(驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度)，用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中。Canthisbetrue?Thiscan'tbedonebyhim.Howcanthisbetrue?二、m

18、ay,might1 .表示請求和允許。might比may語氣更委婉，而不是過去式。否定回答時可用can't或mustn't,表示不可以，禁止“。- -Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?No,youmustn't.- -May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?- -Yes,youcan.（No,youcan't/mustn't.）用MayI.?征徇對方許可時比較正式和客氣，而用CanI.?在口語中更常見。2 .用于祈使句，表示祝愿。Mayyousucceed!3 .表示推測、可能性（不用于疑問句）。might

19、不是過去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。1. Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.2. Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.三、must,haveto1 .表不必須、必要。Youmustcomeintime.在回答引出的問句時，如果是否定的，不能用mustn't（禁止，不準(zhǔn)），而用needn't,don'thaveto（不必）- -Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?- -Yes,youmust.- -No,youdon'thaveto/youneedn't.2. must是

20、說話人的主觀看法，而haveto則強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。must只有一般現(xiàn)在時，haveto有更多的時態(tài)形式。1） heplayisn'tinteresting,Ireallymustgonow.2） IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.3.表示推測、可能性（只用于肯定的陳述句）1） You'reTom'sgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.2） Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.四、needl.need作情態(tài)動詞用時,常用于疑問句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,oug

21、htto,should代替。1) Youneedn'tcomesoearly.2) -NeedIfinishtheworktoday?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't.2.need作實義動詞用時，有人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。而need后面只能接帶to的不定式。Heneedstofinishhishomeworktoday.五、shall,should1.shall用于第一人稱，征求對方的意見。Whatshallwedothisevening?2.shall用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。1) .Youshallfailifyoudon

22、'tworkhard.(警告)2) HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.(允諾)3) Heshallbepunished.(威脅)六、will,would1.表示請求、建議等，would更委婉。Will/Wouldyoupassmetheball,please?2.1. 本意志、愿望和決心。1) .Iwillneverdothatagain.2) )Theyaskedhimifhewouldgoabroad.3.would表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或某種傾向。would表示過去習(xí)慣時比usedto正式,且沒有現(xiàn)已無此習(xí)慣”的含義。1) .Duringthevac

23、ation,hewouldvisitmeeveryotherday.2) .Thewoundwouldnotheal.七、should1.should表示應(yīng)該“1).Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.2.表示推測should,(客觀推測),must(主觀推測)。1).Hemustbehomebynow.(斷定他已到家)2)Heoughtto/shouldbehomebynow.(不太肯定）3)Thisiswheretheoilmustbe.(直爽）Thisiswheretheoiloughtto/shouldbe.(含蓄）練習(xí)題)1.MayIaskyous

24、omequestions,Dr.Wang?A.You'rewelcome.B.Sure,goahead.C.No,I'mbusy.D.Yes,youmust.)2.MustItakepartintheactivity?)3.-No,youA.mustn't.YouB.donMayIwatchTV,Mom?'retooyoung.Youshouldlookafteryourself.'tC.can'tD.don'thaveto一I'mafraidyou)4.A.shouldnotB.can'tMustwekeepthewin

25、dowC.mustnotallthetime?D.maynotNo,youdon'thaveto.A.openingB.openedC.toopenD.open)5.MustItakethemedicineeveryday?No,youA.mustB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.can't)6.Mymotherisill.Istayathometotakecareofher.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.maybe)7.MayIuseyourdictionary,Lily?Sure,rightA.goaheadB. youcanaskBillC

26、. youcan'tD.that'sall反身代詞用法歸納一、反身代詞的基本形式反身代詞是oneself根據(jù)所指詞的人稱、性別、單復(fù)數(shù)等的變化可以有myself,himself,herself,yourself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves等形式。二、oneself與himself當(dāng)one指人時，其相應(yīng)的反身代詞通常用oneself,在美國英語中也可用himself:Oneshouldnotpraiseoneselfhimself.一個人不應(yīng)該自吹自擂。三、反身代詞的句法功能：1 .用作同位語（加強(qiáng)被修飾詞的語氣，緊放在被修飾名詞

27、后，或句末：Theboxitselfisnotsoheavy.箱子本身并不重。Martinhimselfattendedthesickman.馬丁親自照顧病人。2 .用作賓語（動詞或介詞的賓語）:Takegoodcareofyourself.照顧好自己。Shecouldnotmakeherselfunderstood.她不能使別人聽懂她的話。Thechildcriedhimselftosleep.孩子哭著哭著睡著了。3 .用作表語Thepoorboywasmyself.那個可憐的孩子就是我自己。Theoneswhoreallywantitareourselves.真正想要它的是我們自己。代詞列

28、表人稱代詞主格人稱代詞賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞Imemyminemyselfweusouroursourselvesyouyouyouryoursyourselfyourselvessheherherhersherselfhehimhishishimselfitititsitsitselftheythemtheirtheirsthemselves主格做主語賓格做賓語放在動詞介詞后放在名詞前/、可單獨用替代形代+名詞/、可與名詞連用by后接反身代詞()1.Heplaysbasketballsowell!Whotaught?-Helearntitby.A.him;himB.him

29、self;himselfC.him;himselfD.himself;him要求四會的單詞名詞體育運(yùn)動tomato+espotato+essaltwatermelonsandwichstrawberrybeefbiscuitmeal時間類agecenturyweekend文化信息類informationwebsiteInternetdictionaryknowledgemessagepassagecultureteammatchfootballtennisbaseballskatingrowingcyclingbasketballsoccer人物或稱謂類personplayermusician

30、scientistpilotpolicemanpolicewomanpostmanfishermanherograndfathergrandmothergrandparents物品類basketcuppapergoldbrushring處所類grasstheatre/theatermuseumfactory身體健康類bodyhealthtoothacheheadachefevercoughstomachacheillnessmedicineheart食品飲料類coffeeteacandyfruitsugarrecord其他showerfactcareadvice(apieceofadvice)

31、newspityarticlesmokeriskquestionhabitworldwarintroductionnotesmilepeacesouthmiddletaxianswerlittervoicescorelinephoneexampleskillpointchancesuggestionmindsidedreamfuturefriendshipjumppartfunny形容詞或副詞weak<>strongleast<>mostpopular<>unpopularhealthy=fit<一>illfat<>thindirty

32、<>cleanuseful<>uselessdark<>brighthungry<>fulldead<>alivecheap<>expensive=deartrue<一>falsecorrect<_>wrongpossible<_>impossiblequiteexcited/excitingtired/tiringcertainlybadlyreallyfinallyevenfamousmadangrymainsuccessfulenoughterribleseriousstillac

33、tivemodernnecessary動詞：wincheerrowjoinskatecycledreamgrowspendjumprelaxleavekickpassthrowfightenjoy/practice/finish/mind+doingsth.advisekillinventbecomefollowholdscorepointhithearringstandfeelbreakrecordsuggestliftboilbrushliecrycarecheckworrycausesmoketasteforceriskbuildhappen介詞againstthroughwithout

34、offexcept詞組薈萃名詞詞組tabletennisthedayaftertomorrowdayandnighticecreampotatochipsfirstaidrelayrace動詞詞組cheer.ongrowupbegoodforbegoodat=dowellin<->dobadlyintakepartinkeepfitleaveforfall川givesb.ahandshoutatsb.doone'sbest=tryone'sbestbeangrywithtalkaboutcomeintobeingstandforhaveacoldliedownwor

35、ryaboutgoaheadbuildsb.uptakecareof介詞詞組及其他forexampleatleastinfactas.aspossibleinthefutureontheotherhandinsteadofalloveratfirst課本中出現(xiàn)的詞組或搭配歸納beabletobesurebeinterestedinseesb.do/o.makesb./sth.+adj.allovertheworldhelpsb.dos

36、thplayagainsthavefunthemostpopularsportsstopsbfromdoingsth.suchas/forexamplehundredsofyearstheboys'800-meterracelotsof=alotofmakefriendswithsb.winthefirstplacenexttimelook/getwell/bettertakeone'sadvicetakemedicinetake/haveabathhave/takearestfeellikedoingsth.goupgooutfalldownnothingserioussta

37、yuphaveagoodrestdomorning/eyeexercisestell/asksbtodosth.giveupshowsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.toomuch重句大本營1.Whatareyougoingtodo?I'mgoingtoplaybasketball.2.Wouldyouliketocomeandcheeruson?Sure,I'dloveto.3. Whichsportdoyouprefer,swimmingorrowing?Ipreferrowing.4. Areyougoingtojointheschoolrowingteam?Ye

38、s,Iam./No,Imnot.5. What'syourfavoritesport,?Basketball,ofcourse.6. Whosyourfavoriteplayer?LeBronJames.7. Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?I'mgoingtobeascientist.8. Whydoyoulikeplayingsoccer?Becauseitmakeshimstronganditspopularallovertheworld.9. ,couldyouhelpme(=givemeahand),please?Sure.10. W

39、illyoujoinus?I'dbegladto.11. Wouldyoumindteachingme?Notatall.Youcandoit!12. Wouldyoumindnotputtingyourbikehere?Sorry.I，llputitsomewhereelse.13. ,IamsorryforwhatIsaid.(賓語從句)It'snothing.14. Willyoutakepartintheschoolsportsmeet?OfcourseIwill.15. Whichsportwillyoutakepartin?Theboys'800-meterrace.16. Hello,isin?Speaking.17. Whatshallwetake?Welltakeoursportsclothesandsportsshoes.18. ShallItakemycamera?-Goodidea!It'llbefun19. Whenshallwemeet?Let'smakeithalfpastsix.20. Whereshallwemeet?Atmyhouse.21. Hello,!Youdon'tlookwell.What'swrongwith