醫(yī)學(xué)英語常用前后綴

1、醫(yī)學(xué)英語常用前后綴·a-無，缺anemia貧血atonia無張力asymptomatic無癥狀的amenorrhea閉經(jīng)·ab-分離abduct 外展abscision切除·acou (acu)-聽覺acumeter 聽力計(jì)acouophone助聽器·acro-肢端acromegaly肢端肥大癥acromastitis乳頭炎·ad (af, an)-鄰近，向上adrenal 腎上腺adaxial近軸的annexa附件·-ad側(cè)ventrad向腹側(cè)cephalad向頭側(cè)·adeno-腺adenocyte腺細(xì)胞adenoidis

2、m腺體病·adipo-脂肪adiposis肥胖癥adiponecrosis脂肪壞死·adreno-腎上腺adrenocorticoid腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素adrenalin腎上腺素adrenal腎上腺·-aemia(emia)血癥bacteremia菌血癥leukemia白血病·-albi (albino)-白色albumin白蛋白albinism白化病·-algesia痛覺hypoalgesia痛覺減退·-algia痛arthralgia關(guān)節(jié)痛cephalgia頭痛neuralgia神經(jīng)痛·alkali-堿alkalosis堿中

3、毒·alveo-牙槽，小溝alveolitis牙槽炎alveobronchiolitis支氣管肺泡炎·ambi-復(fù)，雙 ambiopia復(fù)視ambivert雙重性格·ambly-弱amblyopia弱視amblyaphia觸覺遲鈍·amylo-淀粉amyloidosis淀粉酶amylase淀粉酶·angio-血管angiography血管造影術(shù)angioedema血管性水腫angeitis脈管炎angiofibroma血管纖維瘤·ante-前antenatal出生前的anteflexion前屈·antero-前anterol

4、ateral前側(cè)壁anteroventral前腹側(cè)·anti-抗，反antibiotics抗生素antihypertensives降壓藥anticoagulant抗凝劑·rarchno-蛛網(wǎng)膜arachnoiditis蛛網(wǎng)膜炎·archo-肛門，直腸archorrhagia肛門出血archosyrinx直腸灌注器·arterio-動(dòng)脈arteriospasm動(dòng)脈痙攣arteriosclerosis動(dòng)脈硬化·arthro-關(guān)節(jié)arthrocentesis關(guān)節(jié)穿刺arthrotomy關(guān)節(jié)切開術(shù)arthritis關(guān)節(jié)炎·-ase酶oxida

5、se氧化酶proteinase蛋白酶·-asthenia無力myasthenia肌無力neurasthenia神經(jīng)衰弱·audio(audito)-聽力audiology聽覺學(xué)audiometer聽力計(jì)·auto-自己autoimmune自身免疫auto hemotherapy自體血療法·bacilli-桿菌bacillosis桿菌病bacilluria桿菌尿·bacterio-細(xì)菌bacteriology細(xì)菌學(xué) bactericide殺菌劑·baro-壓力barometer 壓力計(jì)baroreceptor壓力感受器·bar

6、y-遲鈍barylalia言語不清baryacusia聽覺遲鈍·bi-雙bicuspid二尖瓣bilateral兩側(cè)的·bili-膽汁bilirubin膽紅素·bio-生命biology生物學(xué) biopsy活檢·-blast母細(xì)胞spermatoblast精子細(xì)胞melanoblast成黑色素細(xì)胞osteoblast成骨細(xì)胞·brachy-短brachypnea氣短brachydactylia短指畸形·brady-遲緩bradycardia心動(dòng)過緩bradypsychia精神不振·broncho-支氣管bronchoscop

7、y支氣管鏡檢查bronchiostenosis支氣管痙攣bronchitis支氣管炎·bronchiolo-細(xì)支氣管bronchiolectasis細(xì)支氣管擴(kuò)張·calci-鈣calcification鈣化calcicosilicosis鈣沉著癥·carbo-碳carbohydrate碳水化合物carbohaemia碳酸血癥·carcino-癌carcinogen致癌物·cardio-心，賁門cardiotonics強(qiáng)心劑cardioplasty賁門成形術(shù)·-cele疝，腫物omphalocele臍疝hysterocele子宮脫垂op

8、hthalmocele眼球突出·celio-腹celialgia腹痛celioscopy腹腔鏡檢查·-centesis穿刺arthrocentesis關(guān)節(jié)穿刺術(shù)abdominocentesis腹穿·cephalo-頭cephaloxia斜頸cephalopathy頭部疾病cephalotomy穿顱術(shù)·cerebello-小腦cerebellitis小腦炎cerebellum小腦·cerebro-大腦cerebritis大腦炎cerebrology腦學(xué)·chemo-化學(xué)chemotherapy化療·chloro-綠，氯chlo

9、roform氯仿chloromycetin氯霉素chlorophyll葉綠素·cholangio-膽道cholangitis膽管炎cholangiectasis膽管擴(kuò)張·cholo-膽cholagogue利膽劑cholelithiasis膽石癥cholecystitis膽囊炎cholesterol膽固醇·chondro-軟骨chondrosarcoma軟骨肉瘤chondrification骨軟化·chromo-色素cytochrome細(xì)胞色素chromosome染色體·-cide殺劑germicide殺菌劑aborticide墮胎藥·

10、circum-周圍circumoral口周的circumcision包皮環(huán)切術(shù)·coagulo-凝固coagulant凝血?jiǎng)?#183;colo-結(jié)腸colotomy結(jié)腸切開術(shù)coloptosis結(jié)腸下垂·colpo (coleo)-陰道coleospastia陰道痙攣colposcope陰道鏡·contra-反，逆contraindication禁忌證contraceptive避孕藥·counter-反，逆counteragent拮抗劑conuterpoison解毒劑·cranio-顱craniomalacia顱骨軟化cranioclasis

11、碎顱術(shù)·-cyst-囊cystomy膀胱切開術(shù)dacryocyst淚囊·-cyte-細(xì)胞lymphocyte淋巴細(xì)胞cytolysis細(xì)胞溶解·de-除去detoxication解毒·dento牙dentistry牙科學(xué)dentalgia牙痛·-derm-皮膚epiderm表皮dermatology皮膚病學(xué)dermoplasty皮膚成形術(shù)·dextro-右dextrocardia右位心dexiotropic右旋的·dis-分離discission分離術(shù)disinfection消毒法·duodeno-十二指腸duod

12、enitis十二指腸炎duodenostomy十二指腸造口術(shù)·-dynia痛acrodynia肢體痛urethrodynia尿道痛·dys-異常dysfunction功能不良dyshormonism內(nèi)分泌障礙dysuria排尿困難·-ectasis擴(kuò)張gastroectasis胃擴(kuò)張aerenterectasia腸脹氣bronchiectasia支氣管擴(kuò)張·-ectomy切除術(shù)appendectomy闌尾切除術(shù)lipectomy脂肪切除術(shù)·-edema水腫encephaledema腦水腫myxedema粘液性水腫·-emesia嘔he

13、matemesia嘔血helminthemesia吐蟲·encephalo-腦encephaloma腦瘤encephaledema腦水腫·endo-內(nèi)endocarditis心內(nèi)膜炎endoscope內(nèi)窺鏡·entero-腸enteritis腸炎enterovirus腸病毒·epi-上，外epigastrium上腹部·erythro-紅erythromycin紅霉素erythroderma紅皮病·esophago-食管esophagoscope食管鏡esophagitis食管炎·extra-外extracellular細(xì)胞外

14、的extrasystole額外收縮·facio-面facioplegia面癱facioplasty面部成形術(shù)·-fast耐acid-fast抗酸的uviofast耐紫外線·febri-熱febricula低熱febrifacient致熱的·feti-胎兒feticulture妊娠期衛(wèi)生fetometry胎兒測(cè)量法·fibro-纖維fibroblast成纖維細(xì)胞fibrosis纖維化·fore-前forebrain前腦forehead前額·-form形狀oviform卵形的granuliform顆粒狀的·fungi-

15、真菌，霉菌fungicide殺真菌劑fungistasis制霉菌作用·gastro-胃gastroptosis胃下垂gastroenteritis胃腸炎gastroscopy胃鏡檢查gastratrophy胃萎縮·-gen 原，劑glycogen糖原pathogen病原體androgen雄激素Estrogen雌激素·-genic性cardiogenic心源性的allergenic變應(yīng)反應(yīng)·giganto-巨大gigantocyte巨紅細(xì)胞gigantism巨大癥·gingivo-牙齦gingivitis牙齦炎gingivostomatitis牙

16、齦口腔炎·glosso-舌glossoplegia舌癱瘓·gluco-糖glucoprotein糖蛋白glucocorticoid糖皮質(zhì)激素·glyco-糖glycogen糖原glycouria糖尿·-grade級(jí)，度centigrade攝氏溫度計(jì)retrograde逆行性·-gram克，圖microgram微克electroencephalogram腦電圖·-graph(y)儀（法） electrocardiogram心電圖bronchography支氣管造影術(shù)·gyneco-婦女gynecology婦科學(xué)gynecopa

17、thy婦科病·hemo(hemato)-血hemoglobin血紅蛋白hematoma血腫·hemi-半hemiplegia偏癱hemicrania偏頭病·hepato-肝hepatitis肝炎hepatocirrhosis肝硬化hepatosplenomegaly肝脾腫大·hidro-汗hyperhidrosis多汗癥anhidrosis無汗癥·histo-組織histology組織學(xué)histomorphology組織形態(tài)學(xué)·holo-全holonarcosis全麻holoenzyme全酶·homo-同homotype同型

18、homologue同系物homoplasty同種移植術(shù)·hydro-水hydropericardium心包積水hydrolysis 水解·hypr-高h(yuǎn)ypercalcemia高鈣血癥hyperthyroidism甲亢·hypno-睡眼hypnotics安眠藥hypnotherapy催眠療法·hypo-低hypotension低血壓hypoglycemia低血糖·hystero-子宮hysterospasm子宮痙攣hysteroptosis子宮下垂·-ia病melancholia憂郁癥pyrexia發(fā)熱·-iatrics醫(yī)學(xué)

19、pediatrics兒科學(xué)geriatrics老年病學(xué)·-iatry醫(yī)學(xué)psychiatry精神病學(xué)pediatry兒科學(xué)·immuno-免疫immunoglobulin免疫球蛋白immunotherapy免疫療法·infra-下infraorbital眶下的infrared紅外線·inter-間intervertebral椎間的intercellular細(xì)胞間的·intra-內(nèi)intravenous靜脈內(nèi)的intracranial顱內(nèi)的intramuscular肌肉內(nèi)的·-ist家pathologist病理學(xué)家anatomist解剖

20、學(xué)家·-itis炎癥cellulitis蜂窩織炎myocarditis心肌炎·leuco (leuko)-白leucorrhea白帶leukocytosis白細(xì)胞增多l(xiāng)eukemia白血病·lipo-(脂)lipotrophy脂肪增多l(xiāng)ipase脂酶·-lith結(jié)石cholelith膽結(jié)石cholelithiasis膽石癥·-logy學(xué)terminology術(shù)語學(xué)Cardiology心臟病學(xué)·lumbo-腰lumbosacral腰骶部的lumbago腰背痛lumbodynia腰痛·lympho-淋巴lymphedema淋巴水

21、腫lymphocytopenia淋巴細(xì)胞減少·-lysis(lytic)松解，分解了aythrolysis關(guān)節(jié)松解術(shù)spasmolytic解痙的·macro-大macrophage巨噬細(xì)胞macromolecule大分子·mal-不良malnutrition營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良malfunction功能不全·-megaly巨大cardiomegaly心擴(kuò)大cephalomegaly巨頭畸形·meningo-腦膜meningitis腦膜炎meningocephalitis腦膜腦炎·meno-月經(jīng)dysmenorrhea痛經(jīng)menopause停經(jīng)&#

22、183;-meter表，計(jì)spirometer肺活量計(jì)pyrometer高溫表·-metry測(cè)量法iodometry碘定量法·micro-小micropump微泵microliter微升·mono-單-mononucleosis單核細(xì)胞增多monomer單體·multi-多multinuclear多核的multipara經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦·myelo-髓myelocele脊髓膨出myelocyte髓細(xì)胞·myo-肌myocarditis心肌炎myofibroma肌纖維瘤·naso-鼻nasoscope鼻鏡nasitis鼻炎·n

23、eo-新neoplasm瘤neomycin新霉素·nephro-腎nephropathy腎病nephrosclerosis腎硬變·neuro-神經(jīng)neuroma神經(jīng)瘤neurodermatitis神經(jīng)性皮炎·non-非non-electrolyte非電解質(zhì)nonfetal非致命的·nulli-無nullipara未產(chǎn)婦nulligravida未孕婦·nutri-營(yíng)養(yǎng)nutrition營(yíng)養(yǎng)nutrology營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)·oculo-眼oculist眼科醫(yī)生oculus dexter右眼oculus sinister左眼·oligo-

24、少oligophrenia智力發(fā)育不全oliguria少尿·-oma腫瘤adenoma腺瘤osteoma骨瘤·onco-腫瘤oncology腫瘤學(xué)oncogene癌基因·ophthalmo-眼ophthalmocele眼球突出ophthalmoplegia眼肌麻痹·-osis病cirrhosis肝硬化mycosis霉菌病·osteo-骨osteomalacia骨軟化osteoarthritis骨關(guān)節(jié)炎·oto-耳otolith耳石otoplasty耳成形術(shù)otopyosis耳化膿·pan-全panimmunity多種免疫pa

25、ntalgia全身痛pantatrophia全身營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良·-para產(chǎn)婦primipara初產(chǎn)婦nullipara未產(chǎn)婦·-pathy病dermatopathy皮膚病Cardiomyopathy心肌病·pedia-兒童pediatrician兒科醫(yī)師pediatrics兒科學(xué)·-penia減少leucopenia白細(xì)胞減少thrombopenia血小板減少·per-經(jīng)percutaneous經(jīng)皮膚的·peri-周圍pericarditis心包炎perianal肛周的·pharmaco-藥pharmacokinetics藥代動(dòng)

26、力學(xué)physicochemistry藥典·physio-物理physiotheraphy理療physicochemistry物理化學(xué)·-plasty成形術(shù)angioplasty血管成形術(shù)homoplasty同種移植gastroplasty胃成形術(shù)·-plegia癱paraplegia截癱hemiplegia偏癱·pleuro-胸膜pleuritis胸膜炎pleurocentesis胸腔穿刺術(shù)·-pnea呼吸orthopnea端坐呼吸tachypnea呼吸急促·pneumo-氣，肺pneumothorax氣胸pneumococcus肺炎

27、球菌·poly-多polyuria多尿polycholia膽汗過多·post-后postpartum產(chǎn)后postoperation術(shù)后·pre-前premenopause絕經(jīng)前期premature早搏preload前負(fù)荷·pseudo-假psudohypertrophy假性肥大psudomembranous假膜的·psycho-精神，心理psychology心理學(xué)psychiatry精神病學(xué)·-ptosis下垂nephroptosis腎下垂hysteroptosis子宮下垂·-ptysis咯pyoptysis咯膿hemopt

28、ysis咯血·pyo-膿pyorrhea溢膿pyosis化膿·radio-放射radiotherapy放療radiology放射學(xué)·recto-直腸rectitis直腸炎rectectomy直腸切除術(shù)·retino-視網(wǎng)膜retinitis視網(wǎng)膜炎retinodialysis視網(wǎng)膜分離·rhino-鼻rhinitis鼻炎rhinorrhea鼻漏·-rrhagia出血gastorrhagia胃出血hemorrhage出血pneumorrhagia肺出血·-rrhaphy縫合術(shù)neurorrhaphy神經(jīng)縫合術(shù)Vasorrhap

29、hy輸卵管縫合術(shù)·-rrhea流出diarrhea腹瀉menorrhea月經(jīng)·schisto-裂schistosomiasis血吸蟲病schistoglossia舌裂·scirrho-硬scirrhosarca硬皮病scirrhoma硬癌·sclero-硬scleroderma硬皮病sclerometer硬度計(jì)·-scope(y)鏡，檢查stethoscope聽診器otoscope耳鏡proctoscopy直腸鏡檢查法·semi-半semicoma半昏迷semiliquid半流汁·spondylo-脊椎spondylopat

30、hy脊椎病spondylitis脊椎炎·-stomy造口術(shù)colostomy結(jié)腸造口術(shù)ilecolostomy回結(jié)腸吻合術(shù)·sub-下，亞subacute亞急性subabdominal下腹部的·super-在上superficial淺的superoxide超氧化物·supra-上supraventricular室上性的suprarenalism腎上腺機(jī)能亢進(jìn)·tachy-快tachycardia心動(dòng)過速tachypnea呼吸急促·-therapy治療massotherapy按摩治療pharmacotherapy藥物治療·th

31、ermo-熱t(yī)hermometer溫度計(jì)thermatology熱療學(xué)·thrombo-血栓，血小板thrombolysis溶栓thrombocytopenia血小板減少癥thrombosis血·-tomy切開術(shù)tracheotomy氣管切開術(shù)ovariotomy卵巢切開術(shù)·tracheo-氣管tracheoscope氣管鏡tracheorrhagia氣管出血·trans-經(jīng)，轉(zhuǎn)移 transurethral經(jīng)尿道transfusion輸血atrophy萎縮·ultra-超過ultraviolet紫外線ultrasound超聲·ute

32、ro-子宮uteroscope子宮鏡uterotonic宮縮劑·vaso-血管vasomotion血管舒縮Vasodilator血管擴(kuò)張劑醫(yī)學(xué)英語的特征1、特殊的單復(fù)數(shù)(單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)) ·aaeaortae-aortae主動(dòng)脈pleura-pleurae胸膜·usicoccus-cocci球菌bacillus-bacilli桿菌·umaserum-sera血清bacterium-bactera細(xì)菌·onaphenomenon-phenomena現(xiàn)象criterion-criteria標(biāo)準(zhǔn)·xcescortex-cortices皮質(zhì)appe

33、ndix-appendices闌尾thorax-thoraces胸廓·xgespharynx-pharynges咽larynx-larynges喉·isescrisis-crises危象analysis-analyses分析·mamatatrauma-traumata創(chuàng)傷hemotoma-hemotomata血腫·menminalumen-lumina腔abdomen-abdomina腹2、字母可互通使用 ·ae-ehaemorrhage-hemorrhage出血aetiology-etiology病因·oe-eoedema-edem

34、a水腫oesophagus-esophagus食管·ou-uoulitis-ulitis牙齦炎o(hù)uroscopy-uroscopy尿檢·ph-fsulphate-sulfate硫酸鹽sulphonamide-sulfonamide磺胺·k-cEKG-ECG心電圖leukocyte-leucocyte白細(xì)胞Katabolism-catabolism分解代謝·y-isyrup-sirup糖漿3、英美的不同拼寫形式(英-美)·our(英)-or(美)colour-color顏色tumour-tumor腫瘤·re-ercentre-cente

35、r中心metre-meter米·yes-yzeanalyse-analyze分析paralyse-paralyze癱瘓·xion-ctionconnexion-connection連接reflexion-reflection反射·mme-mgramme-gram克·ogue-ogdialogue-dialog對(duì)話catalogue-catalog目錄·c-kdisc-disk軟盤sceptic-skeptic懷疑論者4、詞根交替現(xiàn)象·mouth口-oral口的·tooth牙齒-dental牙齒的·tongue舌-l

36、ingual舌的·ear耳-aural耳的·nose鼻-nasal鼻的·eye眼-ophthalmic眼的·skin皮膚-dermal皮膚的·heart 心-cardiac心臟的·liver肝-hepatic肝的·stomach胃-gastric胃的·lung肺-pulmonary肺的·kideny腎-renal腎的·neck頸-cervical頸的·chest胸-thoracic胸的·brain腦-cerebral腦的·nerve神經(jīng)-neural神經(jīng)的·

37、;rib肋骨-costal肋骨的·mother母-maternal母親的·heat熱-thermal熱的·bone骨-bony骨的·virus病毒-viral病毒的·saliva唾液-salivary唾液的·respiration呼吸-respiratory呼吸的·joint關(guān)節(jié)-arthritis關(guān)節(jié)炎·kidney腎-nephritis腎炎·nerve神經(jīng)-neuritis神經(jīng)炎·lioer肝-hepatitis肝炎·brain腦-encephalitis腦炎·stoma

38、che胃-gastritis胃炎·artery動(dòng)脈-arteritis動(dòng)脈炎·bronchus支氣管-bronchitis支氣管炎·heart心-cardiology心臟病學(xué)·eye眼-ophthalmology眼科學(xué)·cell細(xì)胞-cytology細(xì)胞學(xué)·tumor腫瘤-oncology腫瘤學(xué)·disease病-pathology病理學(xué)·drug藥-pharmocology藥理學(xué)·parasite寄生蟲-parasitology寄生蟲學(xué)·bacterium細(xì)菌-bacteriology細(xì)菌學(xué)&

39、#183;cell細(xì)胸-cyto-細(xì)胞·blood血-hemo-血5、常用拉丁短語·ad arbitrium隨意地·ad decubitum臨睡時(shí)·ad effectum直至有效·ad interim暫時(shí)·ad libitum（ad lib）隨意·ad usum externum外用·ad usum internum內(nèi)服·ante caenam晚飯前·ante cibum飯前·ante horam decubitus睡前·ante jentaculum早飯前·ant

40、e meridiem(A.M)上午·bis in die(B.i.d)每天二次·curriculum vitae (C.V)簡(jiǎn)歷·et al (et alia)等等·exmpli gratia (e.g)例如·id est (i.e)即·in brevi簡(jiǎn)言之·in situ原位·in vitro體外·in vivo體內(nèi)·locus in quo現(xiàn)象·note bene(N.B)注意·per annum每年·per centum (percent)百分之·

41、per diem每日·per mensem每月·per os (p.o)經(jīng)口·per rectum經(jīng)直腸·post meridiem （P.M）下午·post mortem死后·post partum產(chǎn)后·post scriptum(P.S)附言·pro dosi一次量·pro et contra (pro et con)贊成和反對(duì)·pro re nata (p.r.n)必要時(shí)·quaque die (q.d)每天一次·quaque nocte (q.n)每晚一次·

42、quaque quarta hora(q.4h)每4小時(shí)1次·quaque secundo die(q.o.d)每二天一次·ter in die (t.i.d)每天三次·ut infra如下所述·ut supra如上所述·vice versa反之亦然·vide infra參見下文·vide supra參見前文消化內(nèi)科疾病GI diseases·stenosis of esophagus食管狹窄·esophageal atresia食道閉鎖·esophageal and gastric varic

43、es (varicosis) 食管-胃靜脈曲張·hiatus hernia食管裂孔疝·diverticulum of esophagus食管憩室·carcinoma of esophagus食管癌·reflux esophagitis反流性食管炎·esophageal achalasia食道賁門失弛緩癥·esophageal perforation食管穿孔·benign esophageal tumor食管良性腫瘤·esophageal mucosa erosion食管粘膜糜爛·esophageal po

44、lyp食管息肉·foreign body in esophagus食管異物·congenital esophageal anomaly食管先天性畸形·Barrett esophagus Barrett 食管·acute simple (corrosive, phlegmonous, hemorrhagic erosive) gastritis急性單純性（腐蝕性，化膿性，糜爛出血性）胃炎·chronic superficial (atrophic,hypertrophic, erosive) gastritis慢性淺表性（萎縮性，肥厚性，糜爛性）

45、胃炎·bile regurgitation gastritis膽汁反流性胃炎·peptic ulcer消化性潰瘍·gastric ulcer胃潰瘍·prolapse of gastric mucosa胃粘膜脫垂·gastrinoma (zollinger-Ellison syndrome) 胃泌素瘤（卓-艾綜合征）·acute gastric dilation急性胃擴(kuò)張·gastric retention胃潴留·postgastrectomy syndrome胃切除術(shù)后綜合征·gastroduodenos

46、copy胃十二指腸鏡檢查·polyp of stomach (intestinal tract)胃（腸道）息肉·carcinoma (benign tumor, leiomyosarcoma, malignant lymphoma) of stomach胃癌（良性腫瘤，平滑肌肉瘤，惡性淋巴瘤）·foreign body of stomach 胃內(nèi)異物·dumping syndrome傾倒綜合征·late postprandial hypoglycemia餐后低血糖癥·stomal ulcer吻合口潰瘍·syndrome of

47、 the gastric remnant殘胃綜合征·duodenal ulcer十二指腸潰瘍·duodenitis十二指腸炎·upper (lower) gastrointestinal bleeding上（下）消化道出血·crohn disease克隆病·intestinal tuberculosis腸結(jié)核·acute hemorrhage necrotizing enteritis急性出血性壞死性腸炎·intestinal malabsorption syndrome小腸吸收不良綜合征·enteric volv

48、ulus小腸扭轉(zhuǎn)·small intestinal (duodenal) stasis syndrome小腸（十二指腸）淤滯綜合征·adhesion of small intestine小腸粘連 ·short bowel syndrome短腸綜合征·malignant (benign) tumor of small intestine小腸惡（良）性腫瘤·carcinoid tumor (carcinoid syndrome)類癌（類癌綜合征）·intestinal fibroma (sarcoma, diverticulum, div

49、erticulitis)小腸纖維瘤（肉瘤，憩室，憩室炎）·enteritis小腸炎·ulcerative colitis潰瘍性結(jié)腸炎·intestinal obstruction腸梗阻·carcinoma of the colon (rectum)結(jié)（直）腸癌·gastrointestinal neurosis胃腸神經(jīng)宮能癥·irritable bowel syndrome腸易激綜合征·motility diarrhea 腸運(yùn)動(dòng)功能異常性腹瀉·functional constipation (gastrointes

50、tinal disorders)功能性便秘（胃腸?。?#183;functional dyspepsia 功能性消化不良·intestinal allergic purpura小腸過敏性紫癜·tuberculous peritonitis結(jié)核性腹膜炎·chronic diarrhea慢性腹瀉·inflammatory bowel disease (diarrhea)炎癥性腸病（腹瀉）·spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP)自發(fā)性細(xì)菌性腹膜炎·Helicobacter Pylori(HP)幽門螺旋

51、桿菌·toxic magacolon 中毒性巨結(jié)腸·acute (chronic) hepatitis急（慢）性肝炎·drug-induced liver disease藥物性肝病·post hepatitis (schistosomal, alcoholic) cirrhosis肝炎后（血吸蟲性，酒精性）肝硬化·nodular (biliary) cirrhosis結(jié)節(jié)（膽汁）性肝硬化 ·alcoholic liver disease 酒精性肝病·primary carcinoma of the liver 原發(fā)性肝癌&#

52、183;hepatocellular carcinoma肝細(xì)胞癌·hepatocellular jaundice肝細(xì)胞性黃疸·hepatic fibrosis肝纖維化·hepatic encephalopathy肝性腦病·hepatic cyst 肝囊腫·carvernous hemangioma海綿狀血管瘤·hepatic coma 肝性昏迷·acute (chronic) hepatic failure 急（慢）性肝功能衰竭·portal hypertension門脈高壓·hepatorenal sy

53、ndrome肝腎綜合征·liver parasitosis (abscess, aneurysm, hamartoma)肝寄生蟲?。撃[，動(dòng)脈瘤，錯(cuò)構(gòu)瘤）·cholecystitis膽囊炎·cholelithiasis膽囊結(jié)石·cholecystic carcinoma膽囊癌·cholangiohepatoma膽管細(xì)胞癌·cholestatic jaundice膽汁淤積性黃疸·pancreatic cyst(pseudocyst)胰腺（假性）囊腫·pancreatitis胰腺炎·acute necroti

54、sing (interstitial) pancreatitis急性壞死（水腫）型胰腺炎·pancreatic carcinoma胰腺癌·insulinoma (gastrinoma)胰島素（胃泌素）瘤·retroperitoneal tumor(abscess)后腹膜腫瘤（膿腫）·hypersplenism 脾亢·fatty liver脂肪肝常用醫(yī)囑術(shù)語Medical orders（1）醫(yī)囑術(shù)語medical orders·Admit/transfer to收入（轉(zhuǎn)入）·Resident/attending住院（主診）醫(yī)師

55、·condition病情critical (Imminence)病危unstable不穩(wěn)定stable穩(wěn)定general (fair) 一般·emergent急診·Diagnosis診斷·Diet飲食full (home) diet普食liquid (semi-liquid) diet流汁（半流汁）飲食soft diet軟食low salt and low fat diet低鹽低脂飲食salt-free diet無鹽飲食low purine diet低嘌呤飲食low (non)-residue diet少（無）渣飲食light diet 清淡飲食high

56、 caloric diet高熱量飲食high protein (protein-rich) diet高蛋白飲食diabetic diet糖尿病飲食nephritic diet腎炎飲食nasal feeding鼻飼fasting (NPO, nothing by mouth)禁食NPO for 5 hours禁食5小時(shí)meal standard伙食標(biāo)準(zhǔn)·activity活動(dòng)absolute rest絕對(duì)臥床休息stay on the bed (yest in bed)臥床休息Ad lib隨意活動(dòng)In the ward 病房?jī)?nèi)活動(dòng)·vital signs生命體征·Q

57、shift (q.6h)每班（每6小時(shí)）一次·immoblization制動(dòng)·pressed by sand bag 沙袋壓迫·I/O (intake and output)記出入量·N/A (non-apply)不需要·parameter: EKG(Bp,SaO2) monitor 其他：心電圖（血壓，氧飽和度）監(jiān)護(hù)·allergies過敏·NKA (non-known allergies)無已知的過敏反應(yīng)·patient identification 病人身份·4th floor,room 5 ,be

58、d 2(405-2)4樓5號(hào)房2床·Med. Rec#病歷號(hào)·medical orders醫(yī)囑·on general routine護(hù)理常規(guī)·on grade I (II, III) nuring careI （I、III）級(jí)護(hù)理·morning (evening) care晨間（夜間）護(hù)理·bedsore care褥瘡護(hù)理·mouth (oral) care口腔護(hù)理·CPT( chest physical treatment) 胸部物理治療·O2 inhalation (2-4L/min)吸氧（2-4升

59、/分）·alcohol sponge bath酒精擦浴·cold (hot) compress冷（熱）敷·wet (hydropathic) compress by MgSO4用硫酸鎂濕敷·change position × qh每小時(shí)更換一次體位·gastric lavage with water用清水洗胃·bladder irrigation 膀胱沖洗·under water seal drainage of thorax胸腔水封瓶引流·GI decompression 胃腸減壓·keep warm保溫·lower temperature by ice-cap冰帽降溫·keep bowels open保持大便通暢·keep the airway open保持氣道通暢·retention catheterization留置導(dǎo)尿·prevent from bedsore預(yù)防褥瘡·on bedside isolation床邊隔離·P.P sitz bath高錳酸鉀液坐浴·raising