初中英語(yǔ)--副詞專題

1、專題五副詞知識(shí)清單要點(diǎn)一副詞的分類及功能要點(diǎn)三副詞的比較級(jí)要點(diǎn)二副詞的位置要點(diǎn)四常見(jiàn)副詞的用法及解析要點(diǎn)一副詞的分類及功能1 .副詞的分類(1) 時(shí)間副詞時(shí)間副詞有 now , then. today. tomorrow. yesterday. before. ago. soon. immediately. lately. early. sometimes. often. always. usually. already. yet. ever. never 等。 時(shí)間副詞是確定句子時(shí)態(tài)的重要 標(biāo)志，所以一定要牢固掌握不同時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志。(2) 地點(diǎn)副詞地點(diǎn)副詞有 outside, inside

2、, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in, back, off, up, anywhere等。地點(diǎn)副詞和動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)不加介詞。(3) 方式副詞方式副詞有 quickly, happily, loudly , suddenly, luckily , badly, easily, fast, again 等。方 式副詞大多有形容詞+ly構(gòu)成。(4) 程度副詞程度副詞有very, quite, rather, too, much, so等。有些程度副詞可以修飾形容詞原級(jí)，有 些能修飾形容詞比較級(jí)。(5) 頻度副詞頻度副詞有sometimes, ofte

3、n , always, never等。頻度副詞一般和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用，表示動(dòng) 作發(fā)生的頻率。(6) 疑問(wèn)副詞疑問(wèn)副詞有 when, where, why , how, how long , how soon , how often , how far 等。疑問(wèn) 副詞常用來(lái)構(gòu)成特殊疑問(wèn)句。(7) 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞有 when, where, why , how等。關(guān)系副詞常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句。(8) 其他副詞如luckily , finally , perhaps等，用于整個(gè)句子進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。2 .副詞的語(yǔ)法功能(1)作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞，如：It s rainiheavily.天正下著大雨。They rwarm

4、ly welcomed by the students.他們受到學(xué)生們的熱烈歡迎。修飾形容詞，如：You requite right.你非常正確。修飾其他副詞，如：Don t drivetoo fast.別騎得太快。Neither Tom nor Susan can swim very well.湯姆和蘇珊都不太會(huì)游泳。修飾介詞短語(yǔ)，如：Where is the broom?掃帚在哪兒？Just behind the door.就在門(mén)后。修飾從句，如：This is exactly what I said.這正是他所說(shuō)的。作定語(yǔ)。有少數(shù)地點(diǎn)副詞和時(shí)間副詞可以作定語(yǔ)，放在所修飾詞的后面。如：Th

5、e comrades here are all very kind to me. 這的同志對(duì)我都非常和善。作表語(yǔ)。作表語(yǔ)的副詞多數(shù)是表示位置的。如：in. out. on. back. down. up. off. away. upstairs等，如：He is in.他在家。When will you be back?你何時(shí)回來(lái)？作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：I saw you out with my sister last Saturday.上周六我看見(jiàn)你和我姐姐一起出去了。互動(dòng)訓(xùn)練1.1 When he heard a cry for help. he ran out as as he could

6、.A.hardly B.quickly C.finally D.slowly1.2 I haven t been to the Great Wall yet.-I haven t been thereA. too B. also C. either D. neither1.3 Miss Gao is very popular with her students.Yes. Her classes are lively and interesting.A. seldom B. never C. sometimes D .always1.4 has the foreign teacher been

7、Shanghai? For one year.A.How often B.How soon C.How long D. How far1.5 do you take exercise ?Three times a week.A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How much1.6 Don t worWendy can look after your bird when you re out.A. care B. carefulC. careless D.carefully1.7 Helen was so excited at the news th

8、at she could say a word.A. ever B. almostC. hardly D. always1.8 Do you consider you a rude person?一 not. I always have good manners.A.Probably B.Usually C.Generally D.Certainly1.9 I can be a nurse. I m not a very patient persoA. seldom B. everC. never D. always1.10 Where would you like to go on your

9、 summer holiday. Mike?一 Id like to go.A.somewhere B. anywhere C. everywhere D. nowhere1.1. 1 （填空）It s so 當(dāng)難的一項(xiàng)）job.要點(diǎn)二副詞的位置1 .地點(diǎn)副詞、時(shí)間副詞和方式副詞一般放在句末。同時(shí)出現(xiàn)時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí)，其順序 為地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間。如：Write down your name here.把你的名字寫(xiě)在這里。I ll see him at the school gate tomorrow.明天我將在?？?見(jiàn)他。2 .頻度副詞：通常放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前，be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞之后。

10、如：She almost forgot about the whole thing.她幾乎忘記了整件事情。They are always late for school.他們總是上學(xué)遲至U。注意：ever和never有時(shí)放在助動(dòng)詞前，表強(qiáng)調(diào)。如：Nothing ever has made him angry. 他從未為任何事情生過(guò)氣。3 .程度副詞： 修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，與頻度副詞的位置相似。如：I don t quite agree with youBt;不完全同意你的觀點(diǎn)。修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，放在它所修飾的詞前面。如：He works a little harder now.他現(xiàn)在工作更努力了一些

11、。The room is big enough to live in. 這個(gè)房間足夠住了。注意：enough作為副詞，修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，應(yīng)置于所修飾的形容詞、副詞的后邊。但 作為形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，常放在名詞的前面。如：I don t have enough money to buy this hous我沒(méi)有足夠的錢(qián)來(lái)買(mǎi)這所房子?；?dòng)訓(xùn)練2.1 Hi. Bo b! I can t find my history book. Have you seen it?Sorry. I haven t. Why don t you ask Jim? Perhaps he s seen it.A. Some

12、where B. everywhere C. nowhere D. anywhere2.2 He at six every morning.A. often get up B. often gets up C. gets up often D. gets up often2.3 do you like Chinese food?-Very much.A. HowB. Where C. What2.4 （填空）Mobile phones are（廣泛）used in most of the cities in China.2.5 I don t know she is.-Her mother s

13、ays she is much better these days.A.whoB. how C.what D.where2.6 I can t say I want to go back to my hometown. It uite a few years since I went backlast time.A. how much B.how long C.how often D.how soon要點(diǎn)三副詞的比較級(jí)1 .副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成與形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成類似，有規(guī)劃變化和不規(guī) 則變化。規(guī)則變化請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)形容詞比較級(jí)的變化方法。如：原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)hardharderhar

14、destfastfasterfastestearlyearlierearliest原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)slowlymore slowlymost slowlyquicklymore quicklymost quicklycarefullymore carefullymost carefully原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestlittlelessleast2 .副詞比較級(jí)的基本用法原級(jí)用法：as+副詞原級(jí)+as.如：I can run as quickly as h

15、e can.He speaks English as well as a foreigner. 比較級(jí)的用法：副詞比較級(jí) + than.如：She got up earlier today than yesterday.I can run more quickly than he. 最高級(jí)的用法：（the） +最高級(jí)+ in/of短語(yǔ)。如：Who runs fastest of the three?Tom runs most quickly in his class.互動(dòng)訓(xùn)練3.1 Jack is good at drawing. I think no one draws.A. betterB

16、.bestC. worse D.worst3.2 Among the three boys. he works perhaps the.A. hardB.harderC.hardestD. most hard3.3 The more we look at the picture.A. the better we likedB.the less we liked itC. we liked it lessD. better it we like3.4 Bob never does his homework Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.A. so careful

17、ly asB. as carefully asC. carefully asD. as careful as3.5 My sister is good at sports. and she can jump than me.A.highest B. very high C. too high D. much higher3.6 . Which do you like. tea. orange or water?A. good B. well C. best D. better3.7 - Did Kate do best in the final exam?3.8 No. but of all

18、the students she did.A.the most careful B. more careful C.most carefully D. more carefully要點(diǎn)四常見(jiàn)副詞的用法及辨析1.very與much表示 很非?！眝ery用于修飾形容詞或副詞，such修飾名詞，但名詞前可以有形容詞作定語(yǔ)。如:It s very nice.She said she was much better than before.I like English very much.2.so與such表示如此那么這么so修飾形容詞或副詞，such修飾名詞，但名詞前可以有形容詞作定語(yǔ)。如：I can

19、 t be here so early.I ve never seen such fine drawingso修飾的形容詞后可以有一個(gè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，其結(jié)構(gòu)是so+adj.+a/an+n.如：She is so good a girl. = She is such a good girl.如果可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前有many. few或不可數(shù)名詞前有 such. little等表示數(shù)量多少的形容詞時(shí)，用so而不用such.如：I m afraid that he ll forget it if he misses so many lessoMiss Zhao got so little money a

20、month.巧記so與much的用法區(qū)別：名詞 such.形、副so.多多少少還用 so3. too. also. either 表示 也（不）”too和also用于肯定句中，too常用于口語(yǔ)中，置于句末；also常用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，置于be動(dòng)詞后，行為動(dòng)詞前；either用于否定句句尾。如：I m fine.We also have eleven players in a team.Chinese take-away food is also popular.We don t like the same colorither.4. sometime. sometimes. some times.

21、 some timeSometime表示將來(lái)或過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)候；sometime指宥時(shí)候；some time則指 段時(shí)間”；some times表示 惜數(shù)、次數(shù)”。如：New students will come to our school sometime next week.It took me some time to finish reading the book.Sometimes. I know what she s thinking.Our school is some times larger than theirs.這樣巧記 some time. sometime. some

22、times 和 sometimes:分開(kāi)是段；相連為 某時(shí)”，分開(kāi)s是倍、次”，相連s是有時(shí)”。5. already. yet 表示 已經(jīng)”already表示某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生；yet用于疑問(wèn)句表示已經(jīng)”，用于否定句表示還沒(méi)有“。如：I ve already finished it.I have sung already.Have you found your ruler yet?He hasn t finished his work yet.例題 Holly has fed the dog. but she hasn t watered the plants.A. Still; already B

23、. already;yet C. yet; still D. yet; already解析本體考察副詞的辨析。Still意為仍舊，還”，不合題意，故排除。Already和yet表示已經(jīng)，aleady常用于肯定句中，yet常用于否定句中。答案;B6. hard 和 hardlyhard用作副詞，意為 猛烈地“辛苦地“努力地”；用作形容詞，意為 困難的“堅(jiān)硬的；hardly 表否定，意為 幾乎不”。兩個(gè)詞的意思完全不一樣。如：He studies hard.He hardly studies.Stone is very hard.She hardly ever exercise.This ques

24、tion is too hard for such a little boy.7. how long. how soon. how often. how farhow long意為 多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，就for+時(shí)間段或since時(shí)間點(diǎn)”提問(wèn)，對(duì)how long引起的 問(wèn)句也要用how long;how soon意為 多久以后，就in引起的將來(lái)的時(shí)間提問(wèn)，對(duì) how soon問(wèn)句也要用in 引起的表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間回答，how soon問(wèn)句是將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)；how often 意為 多久一次“，就頻率提問(wèn)，常用 once/twice/three times a week 或 every five days等短語(yǔ)回

25、答；how far意為多遠(yuǎn)，就距離提問(wèn)。8. much too 和 too muchmuch too修飾形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)，意為 非常，極其”，中心詞是too;too much意為 太多，非常，中心詞是much,常用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞，也可以單獨(dú)使用，作賓語(yǔ)或修飾動(dòng)詞。如：It is much too cold today.Tom likes football too much.Don t eat too much.Theirs is too much ice on the road. and you must be careful.互動(dòng)訓(xùn)練4.1 I like living here.A. q

26、uite much B. even much C. very much D. such much4.2 Have you ever seen big panda before.A. a suchB. such aC. so aD. a so4.3 Can you imagine that little ants can carry many big worms?A. so;soB. such;such C. such. so D. so; much4.4 It s almost impossible for few people to do much work in a short time.

27、A. so;so;as B. so; so; such C. such; such; such D. such; such; so4.5 We arrived late that that there were no seats left.A. muchB. tooC. soD. very4.6 Lucy doesn t like cotton blouse. Lily doesn. tA. eitherB.tooC. neitherD.also4.7 He said he would come to see us the next afternoon.A. sometime B. some

28、time C. sometimes D. some times4.9 - Have these workers finished doing their work?-No. not.A.already; yet B. yet; yet C. yet; already D. already;already4.10 Tom di dn t know anything about the paper because he got any time to read it at thattime.A.hardB.hardlyC.almostD.nearly4.11 - What was the weat

29、her like yesterday?-It was terrible. It rained so that people could go out.A. hardly;hard B.hardly; hardly C. hard;hardly D. hard; hard4.12 - Can you understand me?-Sorry. I can understand what you ve said.A.nearlyB. easily C. hardlyD. exactly4.13 -do you write to your friend?-Once a week.A. How man

30、y B. How often C. How long D. How far4.14 . -is it form our school to Lugou Bridge?-About half an hour s bus ride.A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much4.15 I don t think this shirt fits her. It s small for her.A.much too B. very much C. too much D. so much4.16 He eats food. so he is fat.A.

31、 much too;too muchB. much too; too manyC. too much; much tooD. too much; many too方法清單方法一在具體語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中辨析副詞的具體含義方法二 正確使用副詞的比較級(jí)方法三注意下列詞不同含義方法一在具體語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中辨析副詞的具體含義明確副詞與形容詞的區(qū)別及轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律，在解答試題時(shí)要根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境辨析所給選項(xiàng)例題 1 The Internet is very useful for us. We can find information.A. easy B. easily C. hard D. hardly解析句意：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)我們非

32、常有用。我們可以容易地找到信息?？崭裉幩柙~是修飾動(dòng)詞find的，所以要用副詞。A為形容詞，被排除；B為容易地”；C為辛苦地”；D為幾乎不”，根據(jù)句意選擇Bo答案B例題 2 The instruction on medicine are necessary for the sick. They explain whether the medicine is out of date.A. clear;clearly B. clearly;clear C. clearly; clearly解析 句意：對(duì)于病人來(lái)說(shuō)，關(guān)于藥的清楚的說(shuō)明是必要的。這些說(shuō)明能夠清楚地解釋藥物是否過(guò)期。本題考查形容詞和副詞

33、辨析。Clear形容詞，修飾名詞；clearly是副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞。答案 A1.1 How the music was! He played the pianoA. wonderful; wonderful B. wonderfully; wonderfullyC. . wonderful; wonderfully D. wonderfully; wonderful1.2 Mrs Smith has a cute baby. It often smiles at people.A. friendly B. lovely C.happilyD. lively1.3 Some animals can

34、 even see things in the park.A. bad B. badly C. clear D. clearly方法二 正確運(yùn)用副詞的比較級(jí)根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境及題目中一些標(biāo)志詞判斷是用副詞的原級(jí)、比較級(jí)還是最高級(jí)，尤其注意 副詞原級(jí)與比較級(jí)修飾詞的區(qū)別。例題 1 LiLei did quite in the english competition. I did even.A. better; well B. good; better C.well;better D.well;good解析 此題考查的副詞的原級(jí)和比較級(jí)。第一句 李雷在英語(yǔ)競(jìng)賽中表現(xiàn)得相當(dāng)好 ”，用副詞well修飾動(dòng)詞d

35、id （形容詞good不能修飾動(dòng)詞）。第二句 我表現(xiàn)得更好，用well的比較級(jí) better來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞 did。答案C例 2Did Kate do best in the final exam?No.but of all the students she did.A. the most careful B. more careful C. most carefully D.more carefully解析 句意：-Kate在期末考試中考的好嗎？-不是，可她在所有學(xué)生中做的最認(rèn)真。本題考查副詞最高級(jí)用法。從 of all the students可推知設(shè)空處用最高級(jí)，故排除 B和D;又由設(shè)空前的

36、did為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，要用副詞來(lái)修飾，故選 C項(xiàng)。答案C注意 very, quite , too修飾形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)。much, even, far修飾形容詞副詞的比較級(jí)，very much修飾動(dòng)詞。a little .a lot . a bit. rather等可以修飾形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)或比較級(jí)，表示說(shuō)明的程度。2.1 The you work at your lessons. the results you will get.A. hard; goodB. harder; goodC. hard; betterD. harder; better2.2 Who listens. Tom . Jack or Bill?A. the most carefully B. more caref