(完整版)初中名詞用法歸納與練習(xí)答案(可編輯修改word版)

1、初中名詞用法歸納與練習(xí)知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)名詞的分類可數(shù)名詞規(guī)則變化 不規(guī)則變化L不可數(shù)名詞：不可數(shù)名詞的量（所有格的構(gòu)成名詞所有格所有格的用法名詞雙重所有格名詞的句法作用：作主語、賓語、處語等考點一名詞的分類名詞是表示人、事物J也點或抽彖概念的名稱的詞:名詞可數(shù)名詞個體名詞:ChairJ）Ook I集體名詞:PeOPle JaIlIily不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞:rain ice fc sunshine 抽象名詞:IoVe, knowledge考點二名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成方法例詞在詞尾加Sgirl girls Pen PenS以s , X , Ch , Sh結(jié)尾的名 詞后加esbus buses box

2、 boxesWatCh WatCheS dish （IiSheS以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞，變f, fe為V ,再加esWife WiVeS half halves SheIf SheIVeS thief thieves某些以f結(jié)尾的詞，aJn-Sroof roofs（屋頂） belief beliefs（信念）以輔音字母+ y結(jié)尾的名詞 變y為i再加esCity CitieS COUntry COUntrieS family families Party PartieS以元音字母+ y結(jié)尾的名 詞，直接MbSboy boys day days以。結(jié)尾的四個詞（兩菜、 兩人）J-es ,其余的都加s

3、POtatO POtatOeS tomato tomatoes hero heroes NegrO NegrOeSZOO ZOOS PhOtO PhOtOS2 不規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成方法例詞形式不變 （單復(fù)數(shù)同形）SheeP SheeP deer deer ChineSe ChineSeJaPaneSe JaPImeSe變內(nèi)部元音字母foot feet tooth teeth goose geese HIan Inen InOUSe IniCe詞尾加-en-renChiId ChiIdren OX OXen3復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式有兩種（1）將主體詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù),如：SiSterinlawsistersinl

4、aw（嫂子）boy CIaSSmate boy CIaSSInateS（2）將復(fù)合詞中兩入詞都變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，此種復(fù)合詞中第一個詞須是man或Woman z如：man WOrkermen WOrkerSWOman teacherWOnIen teachers4. 特殊情況（1）有些名詞目有復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：ClOtheS j ShOrtS ,PantS j SCiSSOrs（剪刀）# goods J EIaSSeS（眼鏡）有些名詞以 S結(jié)尾/但不是復(fù)數(shù)形式如:news # maths f PhySiCS , POIitiCS有些物質(zhì)名詞或抽象爭詞的單.復(fù)數(shù)形式表示不同的含義,如：roon（空間）一a r

5、oom（房間）WOrk（工作）WOrks（著作）（4）不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量表達 不可數(shù)名詞本身不可數(shù)，但可借助單位量詞表示一定的數(shù)量，如：a PieCe Of bread/IIeWS/paper 片面包/則新聞/張紙 還可用 much # IittIe # a IittIe # a Iarge amount Of f SOme f anv z no f IOtS Of f PIentV Of 等來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，如：much InOneV # SOme Inilk（5）數(shù)詞+茗詞+形容詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞,中間的名詞不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式而須用單數(shù)形式, 如：He is a fouryearold boy.

6、他是個 4 歲的男孩。（fouryearold 不能說成 fouryearsold）a fivefootdeep hole 個五英尺深的洞考點三名詞所有格I. 表示有生命的人或物的名詞所有格形式，在此名詞詞尾加S ,或直接加S單數(shù)名詞MrS J如:MaryfS book以S結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只加,不以S結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞要加1,如：the three girls1 father這三個女孩的父親the ChiIdrenlS PreSentS 孩子們的禮物（3）表示幾個人共有f僅在最后一個人的名字后加M ；表示各自所有時,需在各個名字后加1 , 如：Mary and Jaie,s car（她倆人共有的車）

7、MarVIS and .Jane,s cars（!各自的車）表示店鋪、住宅、公共建筑等地點時，名詞所有格后面的名詞習(xí)慣上省略。如：the barberts = the barber,s ShOP 理發(fā)店to my aunts = to my aunt,s house 到我姑姑家有些指時臥距離.重龜價值.國彌城鎮(zhèn)等無生命的名詞，也可以加S構(gòu)成所有格。 如：a Week,s time 周的時間ChinafS POPUlatiOn 中國的人口2. 表示無生命的東西的所有格形式:名詞+ of +所有者，如：the Ilame Of the ZOO動物園的名字3. 雙重所有格:即of+抵或of +名詞性

8、物主代詞，如：a book Of my daughters 我女兒的一本書The friend Of his is Very kind.他的朋友非常友好。考點四名詞的句法功能名詞在句中可以作主語.賓語賓語補足語.同位語.表語.狀語定語等。名詞作定語，一般用單數(shù)形式。如: 卄girl StUdents（女學(xué)生）PaPer flowers（紙花）名詞作定語時，f別情況用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:SPOrtS meeting （運動會）名詞專練單項選擇1. Read theCarefUily.They Wiil help you know how to USe the popper.A InStrUCtiOnS

9、 B decisions C results【解析】本題考查名詞在語境中的運用。instruction 說明r ； decision共定；result 結(jié) 果。由后句它們會幫你知道如何使用這臺爆米花機可判斷本句為認真讀說明”,故 instructions 符【答案】A2. CiCi enjoys dancing.Itvs One Of herA PriZeB PriZeSC hobbyD hobbies【解析】本題考查名詞。OneOf啟名詞的中的個，螂際A. C殛;PriZe 如 f IIobby 愛好,朋儘是一種訓(xùn),故選D項。 【答案】D3. FOr my homework I have t

10、o Write a(n)about the WOnderS Of the world.A musicB PiCtUreC COnIPOSitiOII D exam【解析】本題考查名詞在語境中的運用。music 胡 ； PiCtUre ,圖Ef ；composition 作 Jt JeXaIn亳試OmllSiC是不可數(shù)名詞，不能FB不定冠詞a/an修飾# 除A項；動 Write 不能和PiCtUre搭配，也應(yīng)排除；家庭作業(yè)不可能是考試,D項也排除。故選Co【答案】C4. BOyS and girls f feeling PeaCefUl is the first SteP to becomein

11、 the exan.SoPIeaSe take a deep breath and Calln downA runnersB WinnerSC PIayerS【解析I本題考查名詞在語境中的運用。runner 鯉渚；Winner 跚蠟；PIayer “運 動員。在考試中應(yīng)成為獲勝者.故MmerS符合句意。【答案】B5. I have greatin Iearning Inath and n SO WOrried.Could you help me?Sure.d be glad to.A. troubleB interestC JOyD fun【解析】本題考查名詞的用法。have troubled

12、ifficultyPrObIeInS (in) doing sth.做某事有 困難O interest 興趣”：joy 高興，欣賞；fun 樂趣，均不符合題意?！敬鸢浮緼6. MrS Black, COUId you give me SOme advice On how to Wrlte an application letter?With PIeaSUre.Remember that the Ietter ShOUId be Written in the formalA . VaIUe B StyIe C effect D mood【解析】本題考吉名詞詞義辨析。VahIe f價值0yle “

13、岡格，文體JeffeCt “影響， 濂；mood 停,心情 o由語境知寫申離應(yīng)用正式文體O【答案】B7. COUI(I you PIeaSe get Ine SOIne? m hungnrA apple B . WaterC bread D egg【解析】本題考查名詞的用法。由第二句m hmgy(我餓了。)礎(chǔ)格處需填“吃的東西， 故H除瀕B ；選項A. D均為可數(shù)名詞，由題干中的Sonle判斷需用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù) 名詞,故排除A. D兩項。bread 面包，為不可數(shù)名詞,符合題意。【答案】C8 一m going to the SUPennarket.Let me get you SOme

14、fruit.OK.Thanks for yourA Offer B informationC message D Order【解析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。Offer 提供提議；information 信息r; message 口 信；Order 順序#訂貨，命令” O句意為甥淒去超市。讓我為腰些水果吧。” “好O巴，謝 5Wo 故選 A?！敬鸢浮緼9. TheSe IIatUral disasters have Warned US that everyone ShOUId Start to PrOteCt the innediatelv.A amusement B developmentC e

15、nvironment D government【解析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析O amusement； development發(fā)展；environment“壞境；Soverninent “政府O句意為“這些自然災(zāi)害已經(jīng)告誡我IiJe個人應(yīng)立刻開始保護 I ”【答案】C10. MrsAVang WaS Sent to teach EngliSh in a POOr mountain Vinage IaSt year.She Said She WOUkl HeVer forget SOme PIeaSantWhiIe WOrking thereA experiments B expressionsC

16、experiences D emotions【解詬】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。experiment； expression 表experience 經(jīng)歷JemOtiOn?？崭袼诰涞木湟鉃椤八f她永遠也不會忘記在工作時的些舸” Sco【答案】C11. m SOrry I Went OUt for a SmOkeJ WaS Very tired.Theres nofor this WhIIe you are at work.A CaUSe B excuseC Inatter D ChOiCe【解析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。CaUSe 原因IeXCUSe 理由#借口 Jnatter 事情Jchoice

17、選摩o由空格所在句的句意當你工作時這樣做是沒有理由的知選B?！敬鸢浮緽12. JOhn WaIItS to be aj SO he Often IIeIPS SiCk PeOPIe in the hospital.A reporter B doctorC SCientiSt D CoOk【解析】本題名詞義辨析。reporter 記者XIOCtOr 醫(yī)生scientist 科學(xué)家XOOk“廚師 o由句意因此瞬常在完里幫肋病人”知約觥成為一名醫(yī)生,故選Bo【答案】B13. I have trouble IearIIing Inath this tennYOU ShOUId Pay InOreto

18、your teacher,s advice.A InOneVB attentionC time【解析】本題考查名詞的用法。Pay attention to.注意是固吾，故選B?！敬鸢浮緽14. The two CitieS have reached anto develop SCienCe and technology.A educationB excitementC agreementD invention故選C。【解析】本題考查名詞的用法。reaChana糾eemet 達成協(xié)議【答家】C15一COUId you tell me SOnIething about the boy WhO he

19、lped you just now? Sorry91 know nothing about him.We areA friendsB neighborsC CIaSSmateSD StrangerS解析】由答語前面的”對不起，我不認識他，RJm ”陌生人” o【答案】D16 I don,t think IOOking after ChiIdren is JUStwork.A WOmaIlB wonan,sC WOmeIlD womens解析】句意為少我認為照看孩子不僅僅是女人的工作。”由句意可判斷此處應(yīng)用名詞所有格， 又因為WOmall的復(fù)數(shù)形式是WOlnen #故選Do【答案】D17一Why

20、 are you Stiil Waiting in line?ve missed mv.A PIaCeB OrderC turnD time【解析】句意 “你什么仍然在胛人？” 我融：mfi5-瀏幾會了。PIaCe哋方； Onkr 順T ； turn “輪到的機會；time。通過句意可知,只有C項符合題意f故答棄為Co【答案】C18. I IIear you have to run for half an I)OUr every day.RightJt is One Of thein my SChOOLA ChOiCeS B PIanS C . IIObbieS D rules斤】 韓 Wf說

21、f5晦衣瀕夠半做L 幽Bi削蒯則Z-?！?ChOiCeS詢聖；PlanS 計如；hobbies 藏？ ； rules 規(guī)則o所以i癖答案DO【答案】D19. mothers can,t go to the meeting, because they have gone to NeW YOrk onbusiness.A. AIiCe and Lily,sB. Alice,s and Lilv,sVC. Alice,s and LiIy【解析】A選項是指她們共同的母親；B選項表示她們各自的母親；C選項沒有這種表達形 式，首先排除。由后句的they RJffl ,這里指的是她們各自的母親,因此答案為

22、BO【答案】B20一The Iand in the SOUthWeSt Of China is in great IIeed OfYes, it hasn,t rained for a IOng time there.A IniIkB teaC . COffeeD . Water【解析】根據(jù)答語可知西南很需要水,故答棄選DO【答案】D21. HOW far is your home from school? Its about twowalk.A hoursB IlOUrSC hours*【解析】本題考查名詞所有格的用法。兩小時的路程表達是FVOhOIIrSrallr # IIOUr需 要變復(fù)

23、數(shù)后加故選G【答案】C22. m IlOt SUre about the meaning Of the WOrdYou,d better IOOk it UP in aA IetterB dictionaryC POStCar(I D notice【解析】Ietter 書信；dictionary 字典、詞典；POStCard 卡片；notice 布告#根 藤臆我冏範聞?wù)Z6雋思 ”伽嗣典,”知S舷B?！敬鸢浮緽23WhOSe COnIPUter doesn,t work?r I think.A . JOhIl has B JOhn doesC JOhn D Johns【解析】句意為溜計算機岀毛病

24、啦？” 摘的,我想.故答語應(yīng)用名詞所有格形式,所 以答案應(yīng)選D?！敬鸢浮緿24一Oh, Iny God! We have IniSSed the IaSt bus.VVhat ShaiI We do?n afraid We have nobut to take a taxi.A ChOiCe B decisionC reason D idea【備斤】IaVe missed the IaSt bus和but to take a taxi可知是S!l無選盤 句意是哎/ 天啊,珈BgQ了最后一班車,珈應(yīng)該怎么辦呢? ”除了乘*車另憂孵了?！敬鸢浮緼25 GOOd InOrning9 madaLCan

25、 I help you?Sure, d Iikef PIeaSeA two CUPS Of COffeeSB. two CUP Of COffeeSC two CUPS Of COfTeeD. two CUP Of COffee【解析】COffee是不可數(shù)名詞，不能加S,幷際A和B ；兩杯應(yīng)是two CUPS ,排除DO故選CO【答案】C26. DO you know the young Iady OVer there?Yes.She,smother.A Lily and LUCy B LiIytS and Lucy,sC Lilv,s and LUCV D LiIV and Lucv,s【解

26、析】根據(jù)空后的Inother可知是兩人共有的，兩人共有某物時，只需要在后一個詞后加&句意是你認識丿La挪個年輕女士嗎？” “是的，她是莉莉和雷西的媽媽?！啊敬鸢浮緿27 After WaIking for InOre than half an hour, We decided to takerest.A a few IninuteVS B a few IninUteSVC a IittIe IninUte,s D a IittIe IninUteSV【解析】IninUte是可數(shù)名詞由a few來修飾且要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，名詞以S結(jié)尾時,所有格直接 加；句意是“走了半個多M耐民我們*定休息幾分鐘故選B

27、?！敬鸢浮緽28Where are the?They are PIayingbasketball On the PIaygrOUn(IA Inan teachers; the B Inen teachers; theC man teachers; / D Inen teachers; /【解析】Inan作定語時#兩個名詞都藪復(fù)數(shù)；球類運動語 ,球類之前不可用屜詞，故選D。句意是“男老Ilfl哪兒？【答案】D29 )Betty has a SiIk,She Can Sing Very WelLA VOiCeB IOOkC SOUndD noise【解析】根據(jù)She CaiI Sing Very

28、well.可知她的聲音很好,人的聲音用VOiCe表示。句意 是“貝蒂的聲音好i她可以唱得常好?！敬鸢浮緼30. Oh, there isn,t enoughfor US on the bus.NO hurry.Let,s Wait for the IIeXtOne.A floor B groundC room D PIaCe【解析】棍據(jù)On the bus和答句可知是沒有足夠的空間夠我們用了。句意是“哎呀，公共汽車上殳確iW7 ”另懵急，讓我Ii芹FT1巴”【答案】C31 I SaW Inanyeating grasson the IIilLA horse B COW C deers D Sh

29、eeP【解析】many后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，A , B都不是復(fù)數(shù)，deer和SheeP單復(fù)數(shù)相同，故答案選DO 【答案】D二、根據(jù)句意及所給漢語意思寫岀所缺單詞1. The Great Wall Of China is One Of the（奇跡）Of the world.【解析】奇跡為WOn（Ier , One Of后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞?！敬鸢浮縒OnderS2. MOre and more（外國人）come to ViSit China.【解析】外國人為foreigner : more是Inany的比較級，后接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。【答案】foreigners3. After three（星期）holiday, W

30、e Came back to work.【解析】本題考查名詞所有格的用法。以S結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格在S后加。【答棄】weeks14. TO Our great（驚訝），TOln failed to PaSS the graduation exam.【解析】to ones SUrPriSe 使某人驚訝的是?！敬鸢浮縎UrPriSe5. He can,t See the blackboard clearly, SO Ile needs a Pair Of（眼鏡）【解析】a Pair Of glasses 副眼鏡。【答案】glasses6. VVe ShOUId Pay attention to

31、Our behavior and try to be good（公民）【解析】由主語We知，要填復(fù)數(shù)形式CitiZeIlSO【答案】CitiZenS7. They have PIante（I about five（千）trees in and around the town in the PaSt fewyears.【解析】英語中的hundred # thousand # IniniOn # billion等詞如果前面有基數(shù)詞修飾，一律 用單數(shù)f故填原形thousand0【答案】thousand& The CanIera WaS One Of the greatest（發(fā)明）in the 19

32、th century.【解析】根據(jù)空前的“one OfthegreateX可知用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意是黒相機是十九世紀 最偉大的發(fā)明之一。【答案】inventions9 HOW many times do you brush your（牙齒）every day?【解析ItOoth的復(fù)數(shù)形式是teetho【答案】teeth10 PIeaSe tell Ine the（勝利者）telephone number.I Want to interview him.fl“齡i嗣痢M電話嗣艇寤方他”winner ,其所有格在其后加S【答案】winners11. There are Inany fresh（土豆）

33、in the supermarket.【解析】因句中有many, many后接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，POtatO的復(fù)數(shù)是POtatOeSo【答案】POtatOeS12. Thank you Very InUCh for your（邀請） BUt m SO SOrry that I can,t COIne toyour Party tomorrow.【解析】空白處前有your修飾，故要用名詞形式，而invite的名詞是invitation.【答案】invitation13. Take a ShOrt rest after two（小時）hard work, and you won,t feel too t

34、ired.【解析】前面有two ,所以應(yīng)該用hour的復(fù)數(shù)形式hours的名詞所有格?！敬鸢浮縣ours14. Great（變化）have taken PlaCe in OUr hometown.【解析】句中的謂語動詞是have taken PIaCe ,因此主語要用復(fù)數(shù)形式?！敬鸢浮緾hangeS15. A POWerfUI earthquake hit VVenChUan in（西南方），China,s SiChUan PrOViIICeon May 12th.【解析】表示偏方向”時，先說南北，再說東西，故西南方為SoUthWeStO【答棄】SOUthWeSt三.根據(jù)句意及所給首字母補全單

35、詞L Ais the fourth month Of the year.【解析】一年的第四個月份是APriIO【答案】APriI2. My his COneCting StanIPS.1 have COneCted thousands Of stamps.【解析】集郵是一種爰好,故填hobby0【答案】hobby3. Mark TWaill WaS born in the USA and EngIiSh WaS his InOther t.【解析】mother tongue 母語” O由句意“馬克吐溫岀生于美國，英語是他的母語。”可 知答案?！敬鸢浮縯ongue4 My InOther is a nurse.She WOrkS in a famous h【解析】由常識知護士工作的地點是醫(yī)院?！敬鸢浮縣ospital5. If you are in danger, remember to dial（撥）the telephone n110 at once.【解析】句意為如果你遇到危險，記住立刻撥電話號碼110?！惫侍頽umber?！敬鸢浮縩u